教師資格認(rèn)定考試高級(jí)中學(xué)英語模擬題47一、單項(xiàng)選擇題在每小題列出的四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案。1.

Ijustdon'tunderstand______thatpreventssoma（江南博哥）nyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect.A.whyitdoesB.whatitdoesC.whatitisD.whyitis正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句和名詞性從句。

[解析]句意：我就是不明白是什么阻止了這么多美國(guó)人像期待的那般過得快樂。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知understand后是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句形式，“我就是不明白是什么阻止了這么多美國(guó)人過得快樂”，“whatisitthatprevents...”是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句，作動(dòng)詞understand的賓語，要用陳述句語序。故本題選C。

2.

______canflyveryhighin______sky.A.Thebirds;theB.Thebirds;/C.Birds;theD.Birds;/正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查定冠詞the的用法。

[解析]句意：天高任鳥飛。the用以特指人或事物，表示名詞所指的人或事物是同類中的特定的一個(gè)，以區(qū)別同類中其他的人或事物它可以和單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，也可以和不可數(shù)的名詞連用。在本句中的“鳥”是泛指，并不是特指某一只或一種鳥，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；“sky”屬于自然界中獨(dú)一無二的事物，前面通常需要和定冠詞搭配，排除D項(xiàng)。故本題選C。

3.

Inalisteningclass,ateacherasksstudentstolistentothematerialcarefullyandtrytodiscriminatethespeaker'sattitudetowardslifelonglearning.Whatsub-skilloflisteningistheteachertraining?______A.Listeningforgist.B.Wordguessing.C.Inferring.D.Recognizingcommunicativesignals.正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查聽力教學(xué)。

[解析]老師讓學(xué)生做聽力理解，并辨別說話者對(duì)終身學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度，由此可知老師是在訓(xùn)練學(xué)生通過聽來理解說話者的意圖、態(tài)度這一技能。A項(xiàng)意為“大意理解能力”，通常包括理解談話或獨(dú)白的主題和意圖等；B項(xiàng)意為“詞義猜測(cè)能力”，指借助各種技巧猜測(cè)談話中所使用的生詞、難詞等未知表達(dá)方式的能力；C項(xiàng)意為“推理判斷能力”，指對(duì)談話人之間的關(guān)系、說話人的意圖、情緒、態(tài)度和言外行為等非言語直接傳達(dá)的信息，通過推理判斷其深層含義，進(jìn)而理解說話人的意圖、談話人之間的關(guān)系、說話者的情感態(tài)度等的能力；D項(xiàng)意為“交際信息辨別能力”，包括辨別新信息指示語、例證指示語、話題終止指示語、語輪轉(zhuǎn)換指示語等。故本題選C。

4.

Languageuserscanunderstandandcreateunlimitednumberofsentenceswithlinguisticelement.Thisisbecausehumanlanguagehasthedesignfeatureof______.A.arbitrarinessB.creativityC.dualityD.displacement正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查語言學(xué)概述。

[解析]語言使用者能夠理解和創(chuàng)造無限的句子，這屬于語言的創(chuàng)造性(creativity)。語言的任意性(arbitrariness)是指語言符號(hào)與其所表達(dá)的意義之間沒有必然的關(guān)聯(lián)；語言的二重性(duality)是指語言擁有兩層結(jié)構(gòu)的這種屬性，底層結(jié)構(gòu)是上層結(jié)構(gòu)的組成部分，每層結(jié)構(gòu)都有自身的組合規(guī)律；語言的移位性(displacement)指人類語言可以讓使用者來表示在說話時(shí)(時(shí)間和處所)并不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的物體，時(shí)間和概念。題干描述的是創(chuàng)造性。故本題選B。

5.

Whatroledoeshe/sheplaywhenateacherthinksaboutteachingcontent,teachingmethodsandteachingobjectivesbeforelessons?______A.Organizer.B.Designer.C.Assessor.D.Controller.正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查教師角色。

[解析]教師在課前思考教學(xué)內(nèi)容、教學(xué)方法以及教學(xué)目標(biāo)，體現(xiàn)了教師設(shè)計(jì)者的角色。故本題選B。

6.

Whatkindoflexicalrepetitiondoesthefollowingdialogbelongto?______

A:Onmynextdayoff,Idon'twanttogoforadrive.Thatsoundsreallyboring.

B:Oh,really?Ithinkthatsoundsfun.A.Repetitionofsamewords.B.Repetitionofsynonyms.C.Repetitionofhyponyms.D.Repetitionofantonyms.正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查語篇教學(xué)。

[解析]題干中的boring和fun屬于反義詞，因此本題屬于反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故本題選D。

7.

Whichofthefollowingtasksfailstoencourageactivelanguageuse?______A.Recitingatext.B.Bargaininginashop.C.Writinganapplicationletter.D.Readingtogetamessage.正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)。

[解析]句意：下列哪一項(xiàng)任務(wù)沒有鼓勵(lì)靈活使用語言?根據(jù)任務(wù)型教學(xué)法理論，任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)該注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用語言的能力，而死記硬背課文不是靈活運(yùn)用語言的表現(xiàn)。故本題選A。

8.

______mancanaspiretoandachievegoodnessisevidentthroughouthistory.A.WhatB.WhetherC.ThatD.How正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查主語從句。

[解析]句意：人們向往善良且實(shí)行之，這在整個(gè)歷史上是屢見不鮮的。題干是一個(gè)主語從句，主語從句不缺成分和意思，可排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)；that在主語從句中起連接作用，無實(shí)際意義，不做任何句子成分，且不能省略。故本題選C。

9.

Whichofthefollowingcanhelptrainspeaking?______A.Listenandfollowinstructions.B.Simonsays.C.Roleplay.D.Matchcaptionswithpictures.正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查口語教學(xué)。

[解析]句意：下列哪項(xiàng)活動(dòng)能幫助訓(xùn)練口語?A項(xiàng)意為“聽然后跟著指令做”，鍛煉的是聽；B項(xiàng)意為“西蒙說”，這是一種適用于練習(xí)環(huán)節(jié)的活動(dòng)，老師說“西蒙說……”，學(xué)生跟著指令做出相應(yīng)動(dòng)作，鍛煉的是聽；C項(xiàng)意為“角色扮演”，該活動(dòng)涉及說；D項(xiàng)意為“將標(biāo)題與圖片匹配”，該活動(dòng)不涉及說。故本題選C。

10.

Whichofthefollowingisusedtodescribethespeecherrorsinducedbythetranspositionoftwosoundsasin"lightafire"for"fightaliar"?______A.Alliteration.B.Spoonerism.C.Elision.D.Liaison.正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查修辭學(xué)。

[解析]Alliteration意為“頭韻”；Spoonerism意為“首音誤置”；Elision意為“省略”；Liaison意為“連讀”。題干中是將短語中的兩個(gè)詞的首音或音節(jié)互換位置，經(jīng)重新組合后形成了一種不可思議的搭配，從而產(chǎn)生了滑稽、幽默的表達(dá)效果，屬于首音誤置。故本題選B。

11.

—______expensivemobilephoneitis!

—Yes,butIthink______styleisquitefashionable.A.Whata;aB.How;theC.Whatan;theD.Howan;the正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查感嘆句和冠詞。

[解析]句意：“這手機(jī)真貴啊!”“是的，但是我認(rèn)為這款很時(shí)尚。”第一句是感嘆句，核心詞是mobilephone因此用感嘆詞what，同時(shí)mobilephone是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，且expensive為元音因素開頭，所以加不定冠詞an；第二空特指這款手機(jī)機(jī)型，因此用定冠詞the。故本題選C。

12.

Inthefollowingdialogue,theteacherisplayingtheroleofa(n)______.

T:Doyouhaveanyhobbies?

S:Yes,Ilikesinginganddancing.

T:Uhm,and...?

S:Ialsocollectcoins.

T:Oh,really,howmany...haveyoualready...collected?A.Organizer.B.Prompter.C.Participant.D.Resource-provider.正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查教師角色。

[解析]在該題中，學(xué)生不知道應(yīng)該怎么說的時(shí)候，教師對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)和提示，如通過“and...?”“anythingelse?”“Yes，butwhy...?”等話術(shù)進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)，這體現(xiàn)了教師引導(dǎo)者的角色。故本題選B。

13.

Tom,seethatyoursistergetssafelyback,______?A.canyouB.won'tweC.won'tyouD.shouldwe正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查反意疑問句。

[解析]句意：湯姆，務(wù)必使你妹妹安全地回來，______?在由“祈使句+附加疑問”構(gòu)成的附加疑問句中，附加疑問部分一般用willyou，won'tyou，wouldyou等。題干中前半句話是肯定形式，因此反意疑問句用否定。故本題選C。

14.

Theteacherwoulduse______tohelpstudentscommunicateinteachingspeaking.A.substitutiondrillsB.groupdiscussionC.listeningandactingD.readingaloud正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查口語教學(xué)。

[解析]A項(xiàng)意為“替換練習(xí)”，是一種相對(duì)比較機(jī)械的操練形式，交際性很弱；B項(xiàng)意為“小組討論”，屬于意義操練，靈活性較強(qiáng)，交際性較強(qiáng)；C項(xiàng)意為“聽并表演”，側(cè)重于聽力的訓(xùn)練；D項(xiàng)意為“大聲朗讀”，屬于機(jī)械操練，學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成，不存在交際性。為了幫助學(xué)生在口語課堂上交流，教師可以采取小組討論的形式來進(jìn)行課堂活動(dòng)。故本題選B。

15.

Idon'tthinktheyhaveanyfoodleft.______,lendthemsome.A.IfpossibleB.IfsoC.IfnotD.Ifever正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查省略句。

[解析]句意：我認(rèn)為他們沒有什么剩余的食物了。如果這樣的話，借給他們一些。ifso意為“如果是這樣”，符合句意，故選B項(xiàng)。如把題干中的don't去掉，并把a(bǔ)ny改為some，則選C項(xiàng)。故本題選B。

16.

Whenthetrain______,alltheschoolstudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheCarlisleteamhadonemanonly.A.pulleddownB.pulledonC.pulledoffD.pulledin正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。

[解析]句意：當(dāng)火車______，學(xué)校所有的學(xué)生都驚訝地看到Carlisle隊(duì)只有一個(gè)男生。pulldown意為“拆毀，毀壞”；pullon意為“牽，拉”；pulloff意為“做成某事”；pullin意為“(指火車)進(jìn)站”，故D項(xiàng)正確。故本題選D。

17.

Travellingontheselineswasnotconvenient,______,aseachlinewaspossessedbyadifferentcompany,andmanywereveryfarfromeachother.A.yetB.whileC.stillD.though正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查副詞。

[解析]句意：然而，乘坐這些線路并不方便，因?yàn)槊織l線路都屬于不同的公司，而且許多線路彼此相距很遠(yuǎn)。yet意為“但是”；while意為“雖然”；still意為“仍然”；though意為“然而”。though意為“然而”，位于句子末尾，用逗號(hào)和前面隔開，其他詞沒有這個(gè)用法。故本題選D。

18.

Ifateacherasksstudentstoreadthearticlesilently,he/sheistryingtoencourage______.A.individualworkB.peercorrectionC.groupworkD.pairwork正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查課內(nèi)外活動(dòng)的組織和設(shè)計(jì)。

[解析]教師要求學(xué)生默讀文章，這種活動(dòng)形式更適合個(gè)人活動(dòng)。故本題選A。

19.

Whatdoeshe/sheintendtodowhenateachersingsasongrelatedtothetopictomakethewholeclassactiveandhappy?______A.Toleadintheclass.B.Practicesentencepatternsusingmodelsentences.C.Monitorwhetherstudentscanaccuratelyexpresstheirideas.D.Drawstudents'attentiontotheformofanewlanguageitem.正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查導(dǎo)入。

[解析]唱一首與主題相關(guān)的歌曲來活躍課堂氣氛，這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)屬于導(dǎo)入，所以教師的目的是導(dǎo)入課程。故本題選A。

20.

Totellyou______truth,Iwentthroughthedaywithmymindin______fog.A.the;/B./;aC.a;theD.the;a正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查固定短語。

[解析]句意：說實(shí)話，我一整天腦子里都是糊里糊涂的。totellyouthetruth為固定短語，意為“老實(shí)告訴你，說實(shí)話”；inafog為固定短語，意為“糊里糊涂”。故本題選D。

OnaSaturdaymorningearlierthisSeptember,theworldgotitsfirstlookattheStrati.Thiselectricvehicleisunlikeanyothercurrentlyontheroad.Itrollsonfourwheels,butitsbodyandchassis(底盤)weren'tbuiltinafactory.Instead,Strati'sdesignersusedatechnologycalled3Dprinting.Itcreatedthosepartsofthecarinonepiece,fromthegroundup.

"Comparedtoatypicalvehicleontheroad,theStratidefinitelylooksdifferent,"saysGregSchroeder,aseniorresearchengineerattheCenterforAutomotiveResearchinAnnArbor,Mich.Hedidnotworkonthenewcar.Hisorganizationstudiestrendsandchangesintheautoindustry.

Ittook44hourstoprintthenewcarattheInternationalManufacturingTechnologyShowinChicago.Overthenextfewdays,thecar'sdesignersinstalledadditionalparts.Theseincludedthecar'sengine,brakesandtires.Then,earlyonSeptember13,JayRogersclimbedintothecar,starteditsengineanddrovethevehicleontothestreet.RogershelpedfoundLocalMotors.It'stheArizona-basedcompanybehindtheStrati.Twoweekslater,histeamprintedasecondStrati,andjustasfast,atafairinNewYorkCity.

JustinFishkin,alocalMotorsofficial,seestheStratiasawindowintothefuture.Today,carbuyersarelimitedintheirchoiceofavehicle.Theycanorderonlywhatcarcompanieshavealreadydesigned."Butinthefuture",hesays,"youmaybeabletodesignyourowncaronlineandthengetitprintedtoorder."

Manufacturingexpertssay3Dprintinghasbeguntorevolutionizehowtheymakethings.Thetechnologyhasbeenaroundfordecades.Butthesemachinesusedtobesoexpensivethatonlylargecompaniescouldaffordthem.Inthelastfewyears,though,thathaschanged.Manyofthemachinesarenowinexpensiveenoughforsmallcompanies—orevenindividuals—toown.Somelocallibrariesmakethemavailabletothepublic.HighSchoolsarebeginningtousetheminclassrooms.Wideaccesstotheseprintersmeanspeoplecannowdesignandprintawidevarietyofnewthings.

Thecar'sprinterisaone-of-a-kinddevice.

Thetechnologybehindthe3DprinterusedinChicagoisanexampleofadditivemanufacturing.Thisprocessbuildssolidobjects,slicebyslice,fromthebottomup.("Strati"meanslayers,inItalian.)Amechanicalarmmovesanozzlefromonesidetoanother,backandforth.Asitmoves,thenozzledepositsaliquid—oftenmeltedplasticormetal(butitcouldbefood,concreteorevencells)—thatquicklyhardensorbondstobecomesolidorsemi-solid.Thiscreatesasingle,thinlayer.Oncealayeriscomplete,theprinterstartsdepositingthenextone.

"There'salotofinterestin3Dprintingintheautoindustry,"saysSchroeder.Rightnow,thetechnologyisparticularlyusefulforbuildingmodelsofcarsorcarparts.

Tocompetewithcurrentautomanufacturers,the3Dprinterwouldhavetoincreaseinahurry,Schroedersays.Bycontrast,henotes,aFordF-150pickuptruckrollsoffanassemblylineatarateofroughlyoneperminute.ToprintasmanyStratiswouldrequiremanymoreprinters.Schroedersayshedoesn'tsee3Dprintingsoontakingoverforsuchhigh-volumemanufacturing.But,headds,"Whoknowswhatwillhappeninthelongterm?"

ScientistsatOakRidgeNationalLaboratoryinTennesseedesignedthe3DprimerusedinChicago.LonnieLove,aresearchscientistatthelab,ledtheeffort.

Additivemanufacturingoftenisslowandexpensive.Italsomayproducematerialsthatareunreliable,Lovesays.Sofortwoyears,histeamsearchedforwaystomake3Dprintingbetter.Theybuiltnewmachinesandtestedthemoverandover.

Allofthatworkpaidoff:theirnewmachineisfastanduseslessexpensivematerialthanearlierprinters.Inaddition,itprimsaplasticembeddedwithfibersofcarbontoproduceastrongermaterial.Thishelpsensurethematerialwon'tcrackorbreakunderpressure.1.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefirstStratiisTRUE?______A.ItwasborninacarfactoryinChicago.B.Allpartsofitwerenotmadebyusingatechnologycalled3Dtechnology.C.Itisapitythatithasnotrunonthestreetsofar.D.Manyseniorresearchengineersworkedonit,includingGregSchroeder.正確答案：B[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后兩句“Instead,Strati'sdesignersusedatechnologycalled3Dprinting.Itcreatedthosepartsofthecarinonepiece,fromthegroundup”可知，Strati的設(shè)計(jì)師使用3D打印技術(shù)。它完整無損地從頭到尾創(chuàng)造出汽車的那些部分。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Itrollsonfourwheels,butitsbodyandchassis(底盤)weren'tbuiltinafactory.”可知，它不是在工廠中制造的，A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段第四句“Then,earlyonSeptember13,JayRogersclimbedintothecar,starteditsengineanddrovethevehicleontothestreet.”可知新車已經(jīng)被開上路了，C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Hedidnotworkonthenewcar.”可知，GregSchroeder沒有參加制造新車，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故本題選B。

本文為說明文。文章講的是3D打印技術(shù)正特別使用在建汽車模型或汽車零件上。

2.

WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?______A.Largecompaniesarealwaysrichenoughtobuyexpensivethings.B.NowHighSchoolsarebeginningtouse3Dprintersinclassrooms.C.Wideaccessto3Dprintershasmadeitpossibleforpeopletoordernovelthingsonline.D.Highpricesofnewproductscanstopthemfrombeingusedwidelyinthebeginning.正確答案：D[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第三句“Butthesemachinesusedtobesoexpensivethatonlylargecompaniescouldaffordthem”可知，這些機(jī)器過去是如此昂貴，只有大公司負(fù)擔(dān)得起。故本題選D。

3.

Whatdoestheword"nozzle"inParagraph7possiblyreferto?______A.Asingle,thinlayer.B.Apartofthe3Dprinter.C.Asolidorsemi-solidobject.D.Apersonwhooperatesthemachine.正確答案：B[解析]詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第七段第四句“Amechanicalarmmovesanozzlefromonesidetoanother,backandforth”可知，機(jī)械臂把一個(gè)噴管從一邊到另一邊，或前后移動(dòng)?？芍?D打印機(jī)的一個(gè)部件。故本題選B。

4.

WhydidLonnieLovemakeeffortstoimprove3Dprintingwithhisteam?______A.Becauseadditivemanufacturingmightproduceunreliablematerials.B.Becausehejustwasinterestedinmakingnewthings.C.Becausehejustwantedtobuildnewmachinesandtestthem.D.Becauseadditivemanufacturingisalwaysslowbutinexpensive.正確答案：A[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段前三句“Additivemanufacturingoftenisslowandexpensive.Italsomayproducematerialsthatareunreliable,Lovesays.Sofortwoyears,histeamsearchedforwaystomake3Dprintingbetter.”可知，附加的制造業(yè)經(jīng)常慢而貴。它也可能生產(chǎn)不可靠的材料。所以兩年來，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)一直在尋找讓3D打印效果更好的方法。故本題選A。

5.

Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?______A.3DPrintersAreComingB.3DPrintersAreBecomingWell-KnownC.3DPrintersAreBecomingCheaperD.3DPrintersAreMakingCars正確答案：D[解析]主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Instead,Strati'sdesignersusedatechnologycalled3Dprinting.Itcreatedthosepartsofthecarinonepiece,fromthegroundup.(Strati的設(shè)計(jì)師使用3D打印技術(shù)，完整無損地從頭到尾創(chuàng)造出汽車的那些部分。)”和第八段最后一句“Rightnow,thetechnologyisparticularlyusefulforbuildingmodelsofcarsorcarparts.(目前，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)正特別使用在建汽車模型或汽車零件上。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了3D打印技術(shù)正用于制作建汽車模型或汽車零件上。故本題選D。

RalphWaldoEmersononcesaidthatinordertoachievecontentment,oneshould"cultivatethehabitofbeinggratefulforeverygoodthingthatcomestoyou,andtogivethankscontinuously".ItturnsoutEmersonwhoexploredthemeaningofagoodlifeinmuchofhisworkwasn'tfaroffwhenitcomestowhatwenowknowaboutcountingone'sblessings.Researchiscontinuallyfindingthatexpressingthankscanleadtoahealthier,happierandless-stressedlifestyle.

Howcanwe,asEmersonadvised,bethankfulforeachthingthatcontributestoourlives?Belowarefourhabitsthatcouldhelpyoucultivategratitudeonadailybasis.

Keepajournal.Researchhasshownthatwritingdownwhatyou'rethankfulforcanleadtoarangeofwellnessbenefits.Keepingagratitudejournalcanreinforcepositivethoughts—somethingparticularlyhelpfulasthebraintendstonaturallyfocusonwhatgoeswrong.Puttingpentopapercanalsohelpyoumakemoreprogressasyouworktowardpersonalgoals.Inordertoreapthefullbenefitsofkeepingajournal,Dr.RobertEmmons,gratituderesearcherandpsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,recommendswritingfor5to10minuteseveryotherday."Youreallyneedtocommittodoingit,andifyouwriteitdowneventuallyitwillbecomemoreautomatic,"Emmonssays."It'slikeexercise—you'renotjustgoingtogetuponemorningandgorunning,youneedtohaveaplan."

Don'tavoidthenegative.Expressinggratitudehasbeenproventogeneratemoreoptimism,butthankfulpeoplealsodon'tshyawayfromthenegative.Emmonssaysthatwhileweoftenassociategratitudewithfocusingonthegoodandavoidingthebad,thekeytoleadingathankfullifeisembracingsetbacksaspartofyouroveralljourney.Emmonssuggestsrecallingahardtimeyouonceexperienced—chancesare,you'llstarttofeelgratefulforyourcurrentstateandforovercomingformerchallenges.

Spendtimewithlovedones.Thankfulpeopleknowtheydidn'tgettowheretheyarebythemselves—andtheymakeitahabittospendtimewiththosepeoplewhomattermost."Gratitudereallyhelpsusconnecttootherpeople,"Emmonssays."Itactuallystrengthensrelationshipsandrelationshipsarethestrongestpredictorsofhappinessandcopingwithstress."Expressingappreciationforlovedonescanalsohelpcreateclosenessbyallowingotherstoseehowyoulookatthem.AccordingtoDr.MichaelE.McCullough,aUniversityofMiamiresearcher,yourfeelingsofgratitudebenefitmorethanjustyourself."Morethanotheremotion,gratitudeistheemotionoffriendship,"McCulloughtoldtheNewYorkTimesin2011."Itispartofapsychologicalsystemthatcausespeopletoraisetheirestimatesofhowmuchvaluetheyholdintheeyesofanotherperson."

Volunteer.Everyoneneedsalittlehelpsometimes—andgratefulpeopleknowthere'snootherwaytoacknowledgethisthanbypayingitforward.Inhisbook"Thanks!",Emmonsnotesthatthosewhovolunteeroftenfeelgratefulfortheexperiencetogiveback."Sinceservicetoothershelpedthemtofindtheirowninnerspirituality,theyweregratefulfortheopportunitytoserve,"hewrote.AsrecentresearchpublishedinBMCPublicHealthpointsout,volunteeringcanresultinfewerfeelingsofdepressionandincreasedoverallwell-being.Emmonssuggestsexaminingyourowntalentsandusethemtohelpothers,notingthatpeoplebecomemoregratefulasgiversratherthanreceivers.6.

Accordingtotheresearch,______isanimportantfactorinhavingahealthylifestyle.A.expressinggratitudeB.cultivatinggoodlivinghabitsC.achievingcontentmentD.exploringthemeaningoflife正確答案：A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Researchiscontinuallyfindingthatexpressingthankscanleadtoahealthier,happierandless-stressedlifestyle.”可知，表達(dá)感謝是擁有健康快樂和低壓的生活方式的重要因素。故本題選A。

本文為議論文。主要介紹了要想成為一個(gè)感恩的人，我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成四個(gè)習(xí)慣，分別為記日記、不要回避消極的一面、花時(shí)間和愛人在一起以及做志愿者。

7.

WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?______A.Weshouldlearntohidefromnegativethings.B.Thehardtimeswehaveexperiencedmaybevaluabletous.C.Itiseasytohaveathankfullifeaslongashaveconfidence.D.Sometimesthankfulpeoplearenegativewhenfacinghardships.正確答案：B[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Emmonssuggestsrecallingahardtimeyouonceexperienced—chancesare,you'llstarttofeelgratefulforyourcurrentstateandforovercomingformerchallenges.”可知，我們所經(jīng)歷的艱難時(shí)刻對(duì)我們是有價(jià)值的。故本題選B。

8.

Emmons'swordsonParagraph5suggestthat______.A.gratitudeenhancesrelationshipsbetweenpeopleB.afeelingofgratitudegeneratesappreciationforlovedonesC.thankfulpeopleliketospendtimewithothersD.peopleshouldmakeahabitofbeingwithothers正確答案：A[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第四句“Itactuallystrengthensrelationshipsandrelationshipsarethestrongestpredictorsofhappinessandcopingwithstress.(它實(shí)際上加強(qiáng)了關(guān)系，并且人際關(guān)系是幸福和應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的最強(qiáng)預(yù)測(cè)。)”可知，感恩能增進(jìn)人與人之間的關(guān)系。故本題選A。

9.

Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?______A.Thosewhoreceivehelpwillfeelabitdepressed.B.Thosewhovolunteertohelpotherswillshowmoregratitude.C.Whenofferedhelp,you'llfeelgratefultotheservice.D.Whenofferinghelp,youwillfeelgratefulforyourinnerspirituality.正確答案：B[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Emmonssuggestsexaminingyourowntalentsandusethemtohelpothers,notingthatpeoplebecomemoregratefulasgiversratherthanreceivers.”可知，那些志愿幫助他人的人會(huì)成為感恩的人。故本題選B。

10.

Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?______A.GratitudeforAchievingContentmentB.WaysofHavingaHealthierLifestyleC.FourHabitstoMakeYouaGratefulPersonD.GratitudeContributingtoSuccess正確答案：C[解析]主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了要想成為一個(gè)感恩的人，我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成的四個(gè)習(xí)慣。所以最佳標(biāo)題是C項(xiàng)FourHabitstoMakeYouaGratefulPerson(使你成為感恩的人的四個(gè)習(xí)慣)。故本題選C。

二、簡(jiǎn)答題根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。1.

在新課標(biāo)的指導(dǎo)下，教學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)更傾向于過程導(dǎo)向，日常評(píng)價(jià)以形成性評(píng)價(jià)為主。請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)述形成性評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)施原則，列舉形成性評(píng)價(jià)常用的方法，并就其中一種方法進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。正確答案：(1)形成性評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)施原則

①尊重學(xué)生的發(fā)展需要；

②尊重學(xué)生的個(gè)性差異；

③尊重學(xué)生所付出的努力。

(2)形成性評(píng)價(jià)常用的方法

①評(píng)價(jià)性測(cè)試；

②評(píng)價(jià)量表；

③課堂觀察；

④學(xué)生“學(xué)習(xí)檔案袋”。

(3)學(xué)生“學(xué)習(xí)檔案袋”

學(xué)習(xí)檔案是以個(gè)人的方式經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期地、有目的地、有計(jì)劃地對(duì)自己學(xué)習(xí)過程和成果的信息、資料累積起來的集聚物，是展示每一個(gè)學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)過程中所做的努力、取得的進(jìn)步以及反映學(xué)習(xí)成果的一個(gè)集合體。

建立學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)檔案的意義在于，其一，學(xué)習(xí)檔案可以幫助學(xué)生搜集、選擇和反思學(xué)習(xí)過程、學(xué)習(xí)方法和學(xué)習(xí)成果，培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)的自主性和自信心；其二，學(xué)習(xí)檔案可以幫助老師和家長(zhǎng)了解學(xué)生的成長(zhǎng)和進(jìn)步，是觀察學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)成果和學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步過程的窗口；其三，學(xué)習(xí)檔案有助于教師和學(xué)校管理者制定教育評(píng)價(jià)計(jì)劃?？傊瑢W(xué)生檔案的建立過程體現(xiàn)了收集、選擇和反思的過程。這一過程正是學(xué)生體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)、展示自己能力和學(xué)生自我了解的過程。

學(xué)習(xí)檔案的內(nèi)容可以分為以下幾個(gè)類型：所收集的學(xué)生資料；學(xué)生書面作業(yè)的樣本；活動(dòng)成果；有價(jià)值的探究過程記錄；評(píng)價(jià)等。

三、教學(xué)情境分析題根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。下列教學(xué)片段選自某高中課堂實(shí)錄：

(1)Skimthepassageandfindthemainideaforeachparagraph.

Para1:Dream

Para2:Astubbornsister

Para3:Preparation

(2)ReadPara1andfindthekeywordfortheinformation:

WhoandWhat

WhereandHow

WhyandWhen

(3)UseatleastthreeadjectivestodescribeWangWeiaccordingtoPara2,andlistthereasons.

(4)ReadPara3andanswer:WhatcantheyseealongtheMekongRiver?

請(qǐng)根據(jù)所給材料回答下列問題：1.

該片段屬于教學(xué)中的哪個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)?其教學(xué)目的是什么?正確答案：該教學(xué)片段屬于讀中環(huán)節(jié)。

教學(xué)目的：首先快讀文章概括段落大意，然后細(xì)讀每段回答細(xì)節(jié)性問題，有利于理解文章的內(nèi)容，提升概括歸納以及搜尋細(xì)節(jié)信息的能力，同時(shí)滲透閱讀策略的培養(yǎng)，提高自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。

2.

根據(jù)英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，上述案例有哪些可借鑒之處?正確答案：①英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提出，教師在教學(xué)中應(yīng)重視對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)策略的培養(yǎng)，有意識(shí)地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)并嘗試使用各種不同的學(xué)習(xí)策略，逐步形成適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法，促進(jìn)學(xué)生終身學(xué)習(xí)能力的發(fā)展。在上述案例的閱讀課教學(xué)中，教師首先讓學(xué)生快讀文章概括段落大意，然后細(xì)讀每段，回答細(xì)節(jié)性問題，注意了閱讀策略的滲透，提高學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。

②教師在設(shè)計(jì)英語學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)時(shí)，要善于提出從理解到應(yīng)用、從分析到評(píng)價(jià)等有層次的問題，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的思維由低階向高階穩(wěn)步發(fā)展。在上述案例中，教師的教學(xué)活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)由簡(jiǎn)到難，循序漸進(jìn)，符合學(xué)生的思維發(fā)展特點(diǎn)。

四、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)題根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。1.

根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。

設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：

請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)20分鐘的英語聽力課的教學(xué)方案，教案沒有固定格式，但必須包含下列要點(diǎn)：

●teachingobjectives

●teachingcontents

●keyanddifficultpoints

●majorstepsandtimeallocation

●activitiesandjustifications

教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘

學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通高中一年級(jí)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人，多數(shù)學(xué)生的英語水平達(dá)到了課標(biāo)的相應(yīng)要求，課堂參與積極性一般。

語言素材：

Interviewer:HelloandwelcometoEducationToday.Today,we'retalkingabouttheInternet.IstheInternetagoodthingforeducation?WithmeinthestudioareAnnBaker,who'sateacher,TomGrant,who's17andstillatschool,andTom'smotherPat.Welcometotheshow,everyone.IfIcantalktoyoufirst,Ann,doyouthinkthattheInternetisagoodthingorabadthing?

Ann:Well,therearegoodandbadthingsabouttheInternet,butIthinkweshouldconcentrateonthegoodthings,andforthisreasonIthinkit'sverygoodforstudentstouseit。

Interviewer:DoyouallowyourstudentstousetheInternetduringschooltime?

Ann:Absolutely!TheyhaveInternetclassesonceaweek.It'sachanceforthemtodosomeindependentwork.ImakesuretheyhaveareasontousetheInternet.

Interviewer:WhatdoyouthinkarethebadthingsaboutusingtheInternet?

Ann:Well,weallknowthattherearesometerriblesitesontheInternet.Wemustmakesurethatstudentslookforinformationoninterestingandusefulsites.

Interviewer:Isee.Thankyou.Well,IalsohavePatandTomGrantwithme.Tom,howoftendoyouusetheInternet?

Tom:Everyday.

Interviewer:Atschoolorathome?

Tom:Atschoolandathome.

Interviewer:HowmuchtimedoyouspendontheInternetathome?

Tom:AsmuchtimeasIcan.About5hours.

Interviewer:Fivehoursaweek?

Tom:No!Fivehoursaday.

Interviewer:AndwhatdoyoudoontheInternet?Doyoustudy?

Tom:Yes.It'sgoodtostudyontheInternet.

Interviewer:Isitbetterthanstudyingatschool?

Tom:Well,they'redifferent.Ilikestudyingatschoolaswell.

Interviewer:Pat,whatdoyouthinkaboutthat?

Pat:Well,I'mhappywhenTomisstudyingontheInternet,buthedoesn'talwaysstudy.

Interviewer:Whatdoyoumean?

Pat:Well,therearealotofmusicsitesthathelikes.Andhespendsalotoftimereadingabouthisfavoritefootballteam.

Interviewer:Soyouwouldpreferitifhedidn'tdothat.

Pat:No—Iwanthimtostudyandenjoyhimself.Butstudyingisimportant.Andstudyingfrombooksisimportant.

Interviewer:MoreimportantthanstudyingontheInternet?

Pat:Studyingisthemostimportantthing.正確答案：1．TeachingContents

Itisaninterview.PeoplearetalkingabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofstudyingontheInternetfromdifferentperspectives.

2．TeachingObjectives

(1)LanguageAbility

StudentscanlistenandunderstandthemainideaofthedialogueandgetsomeusefulexpressionsabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofstudyingontheInternet.

(2)CulturalAwareness

StudentscanbeawareoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofstudyingontheInternetandmakegooduseoftheInternet.

(3)ThinkingCapacity

StudentscansummarizetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofstudyingontheInteractanduseitinarightway.

(4)LearningAbility

Studentscanimprovetheirlisteningandspeakingabilitiesthroughvariousactivitiesinclass.

3．TeachingKeyPoints

(1)HowtoguidestudentstolistenandunderstandthedialogueandgetsomeusefulexpressionsabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofstudyingontheInternet.

(2)Howtohelpstudentsmasterandapplysomelisteningskillsthroughvariousactivities.

4．TeachingDifficultPoint

StudentscanunderstandhowtousetheInternetproperlyinlife.

5．TeachingProcedures

Step1Lead-in(1min)

Greetingandfreetalk

Theteacherasksstudentsaquestion:WhenwetalkabouttheInternetanditseffects,whatwordscanyouthinkof?Studentsanswerthequestion.

【Justification:Brainstormingcanmotivatestudents'thoughtsandreviewsomewords.】

Step2Pre-listening(2mins)

Theteacherletsstudentslistentotherecordingofsomewordsrelatedtothelisteningmaterialtwice.Studentsneedtowritedownasmanywordstheyhearastheycan.Thentheteachercanwritethem