Unit5

TravellingabroadSectionⅣ

Grammar一、非限制性定語從句的概念非限制性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號隔開。非限制性定語從句Heoftencomestoschoollate，whichmakeshisteacherangry.他經常上課遲到，這使得他的老師很生氣。Sheeatstoomuch，whichmakesherheavierandheavier.她吃得太多，這使她越來越胖。二、非限制性定語從句的引導詞1．關系代詞which先行詞通常是指物的名詞或代詞，其中先行詞還可以是短語或整個句子。Thevilla，whichwesawyesterday，isverybeautiful.我們昨天看的別墅很漂亮。(which指代thevilla)Tomwasalwayslateforschool，whichmadehisteacherangry.湯姆上學總是遲到，這一點令他的老師很生氣。(which指代整個主句的內容)2．關系代詞who，whom與whose先行詞指人時，who在引導的非限制性定語從句中作主語，whom作賓語，whose作定語。Bob’sfather，whoworkedontheproject，spentfouryearsinEgypt.鮑勃的父親從事這項工程，在埃及度過了四年。(who作主語)Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend，whomhewantedtoimpress.一個年輕的小伙子新交了一個女朋友，他想給她留下深刻的印象。(whom作賓語)

as與which引導非限制性定語從句時的區別Asweknow，smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。(as引導定語從句，位于句首，指代整個主句內容)AllenhasmademuchprogressinEnglish，whichdelightedus.艾倫英語取得了很大進步，這使我們很高興。(which引導定語從句，相當于andthis，表示因果關系)3．非限制性定語從句不能用why引導，要用forwhich代替whyIhavetoldhimthereason，forwhichImissedtheearlybus.我沒能趕上早班車，我已經告訴了他原因。三、非限制性定語從句中的“介詞＋關系代詞”結構“介詞＋關系代詞”既可以用于引導限制性定語從句，也可以用于引導非限制性定語從句；當先行詞表示地點或時間時，其還可以與關系副詞where，when轉換。注意：在非限制性定語從句中forwhich不可以用why代替。IstillrememberJanuary10th，onwhich/whenhecametoseeme.我仍然記得1月10日，那一天他來看我了。(onwhich引導非限制性定語從句，相當于when)TheythankedTom，withoutwhosesupporttheywouldnothavesucceeded.他們對湯姆表示了感謝，因為沒有他的支持他們就不會成功。(“介詞＋關系代詞＋名詞”引導非限制性定語從句)四、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別Thehouse，whichweboughtlastmonth，liesinthecenterofthecity.那套房子位于市中心，是我們上個月買的。(非限制性定語從句，不表明有多少套房子)Thehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonthliesinthecenterofthecity.我們上個月買的那套房子位于市中心。(限制性定語從句，暗含“可能有若干套房子”之意)Ⅰ.在下列句中填入恰當的關系詞1．(2017·天津高考改編)Myeldestson，_________worktakeshimallovertheworld，isinNewYorkatthemoment.2．WheneverImether，____________wasfairlyoften，shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.3．Just_____afamoussayinggoes，everycoinhastwosides.4．Thefamousfootballer，in____________honourapartywillbeheld，istoarrivethisafternoon.whosewhichaswhose5．___isreportedinthenewspaper，aseriousaccidenthashappenedrecently.6．Theownerpaidtheworkerforcleaningthewholebuilding，mostof_____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastonemonth.7．Ishallneverforgetthoseyears______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers，_________hasagreateffectonmylife.8．Herfatherworksinafactory，_________hemakescars.9．Theoldladyhastwodaughters，oneof_____isworkingabroad.10．Thisisoneofthereasons_____youhavetogiveitup.AswhichwhenwhichwherewhomwhyⅡ.完成句子1．(2016·浙江高考改編)Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，____________

(其中沒有一個)hasbeenproved.2．(2016·江蘇高考改編)Manyyoungpeople，____________

(其中大部分人)werewell－educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.3．(2015·北京高考改編)OppositeistheSt.Paul’schurch，________________________________.(在那里你能聽到優美的音樂)．none

of

whichmost

of

whomwhere

you

can

hear

some

lovely

music4．(2014·北京高考改編)IborrowedthebookSherlock

Holmesfromthelibrarylastweek，_________________________________

(這是我的同學推薦給我的)．5．(2014·浙江高考改編)Ididn’tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade__________________________________________________________(那時，我爬到樹上去拿一只被掛在樹枝上的風箏)．6．Wehavelaunchedanotherman－madesatellite，_____________________________________

(這是在今天的報紙上宣布的)．which

my

classmates

recommended

to

mewhen

I

went

up

to

rescue

a

kite

that

was

stuckin

the

branches

of

a

treeas/which

is

announced

in

today’s

newspaper7.Thereisnosimpleanswer，__________________________

(在科學上情況通常是這樣)．8．Onthesecondfloortherearetworooms，_______________________________________

(其中較大的那個被用作會議室)．9．Helenismuchkindertoheryoungestchildthantotheothers，which，ofcourse，___________________________

(使得其余人不高興)．as

is

often

the

case

in

sciencethe

larger

of

which

is

used

as

a

meeting

roommakes

the

others

unhappy10．IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5：30pm，____________________________________

(那時許多人都已到家了)．11．Heisconfident，which，inmyopinion，_________________________________

(在現代社會非常重要)．12．Thefactisthateveryonehastogrowupandmature，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(隨之而來的是一些成長的煩惱)．by

which

time

many

people