必修三U3語法省略在英語中，為了使語言簡潔、緊湊、重點突出、表達有力，常常省略句中的一個或幾個成分,這種語法現象稱為省略。在英語中,為了使句子簡潔明快且突出重點,常用“省略句”，只要不影響句意的表達，能省略的成分盡可能省略。句子成分的省略觀察(You)Closethedoor.(你)關上門。Let’sdothedishes.I'llwashandyoulldry(them)我們洗盤子吧。我來洗,你來擦干(它們)Oldmenand(old)womenarerespectedinChina.在中國,老年人都很受尊重。Anhourinthemorningisworthtwo(hours)intheevening一日之計在于晨。Hewasnothurt.(How)Strange!他沒受傷。真奇怪!歸納某些句式中的主語、謂語、助動詞、系動詞、賓語、定語、表語或狀語等通常可以①________。2.句子的省略觀察(It’s)Aninterestingstory,isn’tit?(這是)一個很有趣的故事,是不是?Youarestudyingmuchharder(thanyoudidbefore).你現在學習(比原來)努力多了。-Areyougoingtoattendtheparty?你打算參加聚會嗎?-No.(I’mnotgoingtoattendtheparty.)不。(我不打算參加聚會。)歸納句子的省略主要指含有“主語+助動詞或系動詞”部分的省略。有以下幾種情況:②的省略、③________的省略④________的省略。狀語從句中的省略觀察Though(heis)ayoungman,hehasmadeseveralinventions.雖然還是個年輕人，但他已經有好幾項發明了。歸納由when、while、if、asif.although、though、as、untilonceunlesswhere等引導的狀語從句中,如果其謂語含有⑤________,而主語與主句的主語一致,或者主語是it時,則從句中的⑥________可省略。賓語從句及定語從句中的省略觀察Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearntitbyheart.他說這篇課文很重要，我們應該把它背下來。歸納在賓語從句中,連接詞⑦________常省略,但有多個并列的賓語從句時，只能省略⑧________that。觀察Thecar(which/that)hisfathergavehimasabirthdaypresentwasstolen.他父親送給他作為生日禮物的那輛汽車被盜了。歸納若引導定語從句的關系代詞在從句中作賓語。該關系代詞一般可省略。5.不定式中的省略觀察Mymotherwouldn'tletmegotoseethefilm.我媽媽不會讓我去看電影的。Thebookisintendedtobereadnot(to)betorn.這本書是供人閱讀的而不是供人撕毀的。Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,nottomakeitmoredifficult.新技術的目的是讓生活更輕松，而不是讓生活更困難。Youcangowithusifyouwantto.如果你想去可以和我們一起去。Allyouneedtodois(to)pressthebutton.你需要做的就是按一下按鈕。歸納(1)為了避免重復,有時不定式中可以省略與上文相同的主要動詞，只保留不定式符號to。常用的這類動詞結構有usedtobe,goingto,oughtto,meanto,tryto,planto,wouldlike/loveto,behappyto,wantto等。(2)如果不定式的主要動詞含有be或助動詞have時，be和have不能省略(3)當主語部分含有動詞do的某種形式時，作表語的不定式可省略⑨(4)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符號to。但若兩個不定式之間表示對比關系時，不省略⑩。(5)某些使役動詞如make,let,have等，和感官動詞如see,watch,notice,observe等，作賓補的不定式省略to,但若這些動詞用于被動語態,則to不省略。6.虛擬語氣中的省略在if引導的虛擬條件從句中，如果從句含有were/had/should可以省略if,同時將這些詞置于主語前。動詞advise,suggest(建議),propose,demand,insist(堅持要求)、require，command，recommend,order等后的賓語從句及Itisthat主語從句中常省略表虛擬語氣的should.鏈接高考單句語法填空(2021全國乙，完形填空，)Iwasconsideringthiswhile________(work)asanursejustafewweeksago.2.(2020全國新高考Ⅱ，閱讀理解B，★*)Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhen________(assess)at54monthsofage.3.(2020浙江,完形填空,)Lambandmotherreunited,Iturnedbacktothetractoronlytoseeit________(move)suddenlyawayfromme.4.(2019北京，書面表達，)While________(work),Irealisedhowharditwastoworkinthefieldsunderahotsun.5.(2018北京改編，10，)Ordinarysoap,if________(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.6.(2018課標全國Ⅱ，語法填空，)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.7.(2017江蘇,22,*)________(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.完成句子8.(2020天津,3,)-NexttimeyouvisitBob,remembertogivehimacallinadvance.-Goodpoint.________(我會的).(2019課標全國Ⅱ,聽力材料7改編)-Youknow,wewentmountainclimbingintheforestpark.Theairwassodifferentfromthecity,coolandfresh-________________(聽起來很棒)!10.(2017天津,1,)--Albert’sbirthdayisonnextSaturday,andI'mplanningasurprisepartyforhim.--______(聽起來有趣).I'llbringsomewine.把下列各句中畫線部分省略的成分補充完整11.(2020全國I,閱讀理解A改編，)Forticketinformation,askatyourlocalstationorcall131230.____________________________________________________________________12.(2020全國Ⅱ,書面表達,)Whenenteringthefarm,wewereattractedbyitscleannessandrichvarietiesoffruit.____________________________________________________________________13.(2020天津，閱讀表達，)Asweorganizedteams,preparedresourcesandpracticedansweringquestions,IfeltmoreconnectedthanIeverhadtoanysportsteam.____________________________________________________________________14.(2020全國I,書面表達，)Haditnotbeenforhisguidanceandencouragement,Icouldn’thavewonthefirstplaceinthecityEnglishspeechcontest.____________________________________________________________________15.(2020全國新高考I,讀后續寫改編，)Thenshesaid,“John,willyouagreetotakechargeofthework?”“Indeed,Iwill,”repliedJohn,andhekepthisword.____________________________