高三英語試題注意事項:1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThisInternationalWomen'sDay,we'recelebratingfourwomenwhochangedthefaceofscienceforever.AnandibaiJoshee,bornin1865inIndia,becameIndia'sfirstwomanphysicianwithamedicaldegree.AftergraduationfromaWoman'sMedicalCollege,sheacceptedanofferfromthegovernorministerofKolhapurinIndiatoserveas“LadyDoctorofKolhapur”.Shediedat21fromtuberculosis.Despitehershortlife,Joshee'sacplishmentswereunprecedentedforanIndianwoman,andherachievementsopenthedoorforotherIndianwomentoquicklyfollow.MamieClark,anAmericansocialpsychologist,specializedinchilddevelopmentinblackchildren.In1946,ClarkandKennethfoundedtheonlymentalhealthorganizationforblackchildreninNewYork.ClarkwasawardedtheAmericanAssociationofUniversityachievementawardin1973,andtenyearslatertheNationalCoalitionof100BlackWomenawardedhertheCandaceAwardforhumanitarianism.GeochemistKatsukoSaruhashiwasborninTokyoin1920.SaruhashibecamethefirstwomanelectedtotheScienceCouncilofJapan,thefirstwomantowintheMiyakePrizeforGeochemistry,andthefirstwomanrecipientofanawardfromtheSocietyofSeaWaterScienceinJapan.In1981,shefoundedtheSaruhashiPrize,aprizeawardedannuallytoafemalerolemodelinscience.BorninLosAngeles,California,OchoawasthefirstLatinawomantoflyinspaceaspartofthecrewoftheshuttleDiscoveryin1993.In1990,OchoawasselectedtoastronautcandidacyaspartofagroupoftwentythreeNASAastronauts,andbecameanastronautayearlater.HerfirstspaceflightwasaboardDiscoveryasamissionspecialistandlastedninedays,inwhichthecrewconductedscientificexperimentsanddeployedaresearchsatellitetostudythesolarcorona.1.Whowasappointedbythegovernmenttoworkasanexpert?A.AnandibaiJoshee.B.MamieClark.C.KatsukoSaruhashi.D.Ochoa.2.WhatdidMamieClarkandKatsukoSaruhashihaveinmon?A.Theysetanaward.B.TheywereAmericans.C.Theywereawardedtwice.D.Theymajoredinwaterscience.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Aposter. B.Amagazine. C.Aguidebook. D.Areport.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學界四位偉大女性的個人經歷。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段第二句“AftergraduationfromaWoman'sMedicalCollege,sheacceptedanofferfromthegovernorministerofKolhapurinIndiatoserveas‘LadyDoctorofKolhapur’.(從一所女子醫學院畢業后，她接受了印度戈爾哈布爾市市長的邀請，擔任“戈爾哈布爾女醫生”)”可知，被政府聘請擔任專家的是AnandibaiJoshee。故填A項。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段第三句“ClarkwasawardedtheAmericanAssociationofUniversityachievementawardin1973,andtenyearslatertheNationalCoalitionof100BlackWomenawardedhertheCandaceAwardforhumanitarianism.(1973年，Clark被授予美國大學協會成就獎，10年后全國100名黑人婦女聯盟授予她人道主義坎迪斯獎)”可知，MamieClark獲過兩次獎。根據第四段第二句“SaruhashibecamethefirstwomanelectedtotheScienceCouncilofJapan,thefirstwomantowintheMiyakePrizeforGeochemistry,andthefirstwomanrecipientofanawardfromtheSocietyofSeaWaterScienceinJapan.(Saruhashi成為第一位當選為日本科學委員會的女性成員，首位獲得三宮城地球化學獎的女性，以及首位獲得日本海水科學學會獎項的女性)”可知，KatsukoSaruhashi也獲過兩次獎。因此MamieClark和KatsukoSaruhashi的共同點是都獲過兩次獎。故選C項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“ThisInternationalWomen'sDay,we'recelebratingfourwomenwhochangedthefaceofscienceforever.(今年的國際婦女節，我們要慶祝四位永久改變了科學面貌的女性)”可知，文章的主題是契合今年的婦女節，因此有一定的及時性，但是并沒有講述實效性很強的新聞。同時，文中沒有指導類的信息以及廣告信息，所以文章最可能來源于雜志。故選B項。BAmericanMarkLevinewearsmanyhatsinChinaeducator,author,volunteer,musician,sociologist,crossculturalmunicator,winneroftheChinesegovernment'sFriendshipAward,andmostnoticeably,widebrimmed.Thebushybearded73yearoldisperhapsbestknownamongtheChinesepublicforwritingAmericancountrymusicstylesongsaboutChinathatheperformsinfullcowboyregalia.Heoftensingsandplayshisguitartotheacpanimentoftheerhuplayedbyhisfriend,FuHan,intheirmusicalduo,InSideOut.Levinehasstagedhundredsofperformancesin15provinces,andonehadanaudienceover50,000,hesays.FuHanrecallsheonceperformedinawellknownbarinBeijing'sHouhaiarea,andshejoinedhimonstagewithhererhu.“AgroupoftouristsfromnorthernEuropecameupandwatchedandfilmedus,andstartedsingingwithus.IrealizedaChineseinstrumentandfacecanhelpbettertellChina'sstoriestoforeigners.So,theyofficiallybecamebandmates.I'mthe'in'andhe'sthe'out'inInSideOut,”sheexplains.Levineplanstoreleaseasongbookwhenhereaches100songs.Hehassofarwrittenover70tunesthathecalls"musicalstoriesfrommyChinesejourney,,sincehesettledinBeijingin2007totakeanoccupationatMinzuUniversityofChina,wherehestillworks,largelyonaccountofitsethnicdiversity.LevinesaystwohighlightsduringhistimeinthecountryhavebeenwinningtheFriendshipAwardin2014andreceivinghisChinese“greencard”in2016.Levinehopesitincreasescrossculturalunderstanding.OneofhisfriendssaysLevineisparticularlyaptforthetask.“Markisaperfectambassadorforhumanity,sotospeak,whohasfoundhisidealplacehere,”hesays.4.WhatcanwelearnfromLevine'smusicalachievement?A.Hehasreleasedabookabouthissongs.B.HehasperformedhissongsalloverChina.C.Hisbiggestconcertattractednearly50,000audiences.D.HebinedAmericanmusicstylewithChinesestories.5.WhydidhedeterminetoworkatMinzuUniversityofChina?A.HedesiredtosettleinBeijing. B.HecouldwintheFriendshipAward.C.Hecouldbeexposedtodiversecultures. D.Hecouldfindmoremusicalstoriesthere.6.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“apt”inthelastparagraph?A.Intelligent. B.Suitable. C.Reliable. D.Enthusiastic.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLevine?A.Devotedandoutspoken. B.Attentiveandgenerous.C.Intelligentandsensitive. D.Activeandproductive.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了美國人MarkLevine在中國身兼多職，73歲還在進行表演，將美國音樂風格與中國故事相結合。文章還介紹了他所取得的一些成就和個人經歷。4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Thebushybearded73yearoldisperhapsbestknownamongtheChinesepublicforwritingAmericancountrymusicstylesongsaboutChinathatheperformsinfullcowboyregalia.(在中國公眾中，這位留著濃密胡子的73歲老人最出名的可能是他寫的關于中國的美國鄉村音樂風格歌曲，他穿著全套牛仔服表演)”可知，我們能從Levine的音樂成就中了解到，Levine將美國音樂風格與中國故事相結合。故選D。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“Hehassofarwrittenover70tunesthathecalls"musicalstoriesfrommyChinesejourney,,sincehesettledinBeijingin2007totakeanoccupationatMinzuUniversityofChina,wherehestillworks,largelyonaccountofitsethnicdiversity.(到目前為止，他已經寫了70多首曲子，他稱之為“來自中國之旅的音樂故事”，自從2007年他定居北京，在中國民族大學任職以來，他仍然在那里工作，很大程度上是因為那里的種族多樣性)”可知，他決定去中央民族大學工作因為他可以接觸到不同的文化。故選C。【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“LevinesaystwohighlightsduringhistimeinthecountryhavebeenwinningtheFriendshipAwardin2014andreceivinghisChinese“greencard”in2016.Levinehopesitincreasescrossculturalunderstanding.(Levine表示，他在中國的兩個亮點是在2014年贏得了友誼獎，并在2016年獲得了中國“綠卡”。Levine希望它能增進跨文化的理解)”以及后文“Markisaperfectambassadorforhumanity,sotospeak,whohasfoundhisidealplacehere”可知，Levine的一個朋友說Mark是人類的完美大使，他在這里找到了理想的位置，所以他是說Levine特別適合增進跨文化的理解這項任務。故畫線詞意思是“合適的”。A.Intelligent.聰明的；B.Suitable.合適的；C.Reliable.可靠的；D.Enthusiastic.熱情的。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Thebushybearded73yearoldisperhapsbestknownamongtheChinesepublicforwritingAmericancountrymusicstylesongsaboutChinathatheperformsinfullcowboyregalia.(在中國公眾中，這位留著濃密胡子的73歲老人最出名的可能是他寫的關于中國的美國鄉村音樂風格歌曲，他穿著全套牛仔服表演)”以及倒數第二段中“Levineplanstoreleaseasongbookwhenhereaches100songs.Hehassofarwrittenover70tunes(Levine計劃在歌曲數量達到100首后發行一本歌本。到目前為止，他已經寫了70多首曲子)”可推知，Levine73歲還在進行表演，且創作了70多首曲子，可見他是個活躍且多產的人。故選D。CNumerousstudies,includinga2019reviewinthejournalAnnualResearch&ReviewinBiology,havefoundthatbothperformingandlisteningtomusiccanhaveasignificantimpactontheimmunesystem.“Certainlymusichasanimpactonthebrain,andanxietyandstressimpacttheimmunesystem,”saidAndrewLevin,aneurologistattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Dr.Levin,anamateurtrumpetplayerwhoperformswithseverallocalensembles,saidhe'snotanexpertinthewaysmusicinteractswiththebrain.Butitworksforhim."Musicisapartofmystressreleaseparadigm,“hesaid."Weknowthatmusiccanaffectbrainstates,soIdon'tbelieveitismuchofastretchtosaythatmusiccanindirectlyaffectourphysiology,andthereisresearchthatsupportsthisnotion.”Accordingtoa2013reviewinthejournalBrainBehaviorandImmunity,theemotionalandpsychologicaleffectsoflisteningtomusichavedirectimpactsonbiomarkersandhormonelevels.Thereisalsogeneralconsensusamongresearchersthatlisteningtomusicreducescortisol(皮質醇)levels.Doesthetypeofmusicmatter?Itdoes.Priorassociationsandrelationshipswithdifferenttypesofmusicaffecthowyourbodyresponds.Ingeneral,researchindicatesthat“relaxingmusic”(i.e.slowerpace,peacefulmusic)isbetterforcalmingtensenerves，decreasingbloodpressureandbreathandsettlingtheheartrate.Singingadifferenttune?Potvin,aprofessorofmusictherapyatDuquesneUniversity,isskepticalofsomeoftheresearchlinkingmusicwiththeimmunesystem,questioningwhetherit'shealthytousemusicoranyothertooltoresistanxiety."Theresearchissuperficial,thoughIdon'tmeanthatinanegativeway,“hesaid."Ithinktheinformationwehaveisvaluable,butweneedtogodeeper.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto?A.Music. B.Brain. C.Immunesystem. D.Theresearch.9.Whatdoweknowaboutrelaxingmusicaccordingtothetext?A.Ithasfastrhythm.B.Itcontributestoastableheartrate.CItdoesnogoodtocalmtensenerves.D.Itcanincreasebloodpressureandbreath.10.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Potvinhassomeprejudiceabouttheresearch.B.Potvinthinksfurtherstudyaboutitisnecessary.C.Potvinquestionswhethermusiceffectivelyresistsanxiety.D.Potvinisconvincedoftheimpactofmusicontheimmunesystem.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.What'sthefunctionofmusic?B.Doesmusicbenefityourbrain?C.Howtopromoteyourimmunesystem?D.Canmusicboostyourimmunesystem?【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了演奏和聽音樂對我們的免疫系統產生重要影響。音樂通過影響大腦，減小壓力和焦慮，且對人體的各項生物指標、荷爾蒙以及皮質醇的水平都有搜有影響。令人放松的輕音樂效果更好。同時，一些專家也指出，針對音樂對免疫系統的影響的研究還太淺顯，需要進一步的深入研究。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。本段開頭匹茲堡大學的神經學家Levin教授同時也是意為業余小號演奏家說“Certainlymusichasanimpactonthebrain,andanxietyandstressimpacttheimmunesystem”（音樂當然對大腦有影響，焦慮和壓力會影響免疫系統）可知本段在介紹音樂和免疫系統之間的關系。隨后，又提出“he'snotanexpertinthewaysmusicinteractswiththebrain.”（他不是大腦與音樂互動方式的專家）“Butitworksforhim.”（但是音樂對他有用）又根據后文“Musicisapartofmystressreleaseparadigm”（音樂是我減壓模式的一部分）可知，it指代music。故選A項。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章中“‘relaxingmusic’(i.e.slowerpace,peacefulmusic)isbetterforcalmingtensenerves，decreasingbloodpressureandbreathandsettlingtheheartrate.”（“令人放松的音樂”（即：慢節奏，安靜的音樂）對舒緩緊張的神經，降低血壓和呼吸，穩定心率有較好的效果。）可知，“令人放松的音樂”有助于穩定心率。“contributeto”(有助于)。故選B項。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后Potvin教授所說"Theresearchissuperficial,thoughIdon'tmeanthatinanegativeway,“hesaid."Ithinktheinformationwehaveisvaluable,butweneedtogodeeper.”（這項研究是膚淺的，盡管我表示的不是消極的意思。我認為我們所掌握的信息是有價值的，但是我們需要深入研究）。可知，Potvin教授認為我們更進一步的研究是必要的。故選B項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“…havefoundthatbothperformingandlisteningtomusiccanhaveasignificantimpactontheimmunesystem.”(···發現演奏和聽音樂對我們的免疫系統產生重要影響。)可知，本文介紹的是音樂和免疫系統的關系。根據關鍵詞“music”（音樂）和“immunesystem”（免疫系統）可以得到答案。故選D項DFor30years,Alaska'snorthernfursealpopulationhasnotincreased.Buttheoceanmammalsareappearingingrowingnumbersinoneunlikelyplaceasmallislandthatformsthetipofanactiveunderseavolcano.BogoslofIslandisdistantandunpopulated.ItsitsintheeasternBeringSea.Openingsonthegroundtherereleasemud,steamandsulfurousgases,butnorthernfursealsfindtheislandtobeagoodplaceforgivingbirthandraisingtheiryoung.Itisunclearwhythesealshavechosentoliveonanactivevolcanicislandinsteadofotherunpopulatedislandsinthearea."Thesurfaceiscoveredwiththesebigblocks,someasbigas10metersinlength,whichwereexplodedoutofthevent,”saidChrisWaythomas,aU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchscientist.Northernfursealsgettheirnamefromtheirextremelythickfur;theyhaveabout60,000hairspersquarecentimeter.WhenRussianEmperorAlexanderIIneededmoneyanddecidedtosellAlaskatotheUnitedStatesin1867,furwasoneofthefuturestate'sknownvaluables.Mostoftheworld'snorthernfursealsliveintheeasternBeringSeaarea.TheyliveintheoceanfromNovembertoJuneandreturntolandinsummer,whentheybreedandnursepups.Between1950and1988,thenorthernfursealpopulationdroppedfrom2.1millionto1.1million.Scientistsdonotknowwhytheyhavenotmadeaeback.NorthernfursealswerefirstseenonBogoslofin1980.NOAAresearchershavesincecarriedoutperiodicstudiesofthepopulation.VolcanicactivityonBogoslofhasremainedmostlystable.ButGelatt'screwchosenottocampthereduringtheirweeklongvisitinAugust.Theyfearedanexplosioncouldshootuphugerocks.Instead,theymadedaytripsfromasecuredboat.Thecrewcountedthenumberofsealsandexaminedwhetherimagestakenfromabovebyanunpilotedaircraftcouldbeusedinfuturecounts.12.What'sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thescientistsareworriedabouttheextinctionofseals.B.Theenvironmentprotectioniscrucialtowildanimals.C.ThenorthernfursealsareontheriseonBogoslofIsland.D.Thenorthernfursealslikedistantandunpopulatedplaces.13.WhatdoChrisWaythomas’wordsmean?A.TheconditionsonBogoslofIslandaretoughandterrible.B.AnactiveunderseavolcanomakesBogoslofIslandlivable.C.BogoslofIslandissuitableforthenorthernfursealstoliveonD.It'sreasonableforthenorthernfursealstoliveonasmallisland.14.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheparagraph3&4?A.Thenorthernfursealsbreedandnursepupsinwinter.B.Thenorthernfurseals'thickfurisofnovaluenowadays.C.Therewereabout1.1millionnorthernfursealsontheisland.D.It'snotclearwhynorthernfursealpopulationhasnotincreased.15.Howdidresearchersguaranteetheirsafetyduringthestudy?A.Byobservinginthedistance.B.Bydoingtheresearchinsideanaircraft.C.Bytakingaboatwithprotectiveequipmenteveryday.D.Byusingphotosshotbyanunmannedvehicletocountseals.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。科學家們在有火山活動的Bogoslof島上發現很多北海狗。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“For30years,Alaska'snorthernfursealpopulationhasnotincreased.Buttheoceanmammalsareappearingingrowingnumbersinoneunlikelyplaceasmallislandthatformsthetipofanactiveunderseavolcano.(30年來，阿拉斯加的北海狗數量一直沒有增加。但是這種海洋哺乳動物在一個不太可能的地方出現了，這個地方是一個小島，形成了活躍的海底火山的頂端)”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要關于很多北海狗在有火山活動的Bogoslof島上被發現。故選C項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“"Thesurfaceiscoveredwiththesebigblocks,someasbigas10metersinlength,whichwereexplodedoutofthevent,”saidChrisWaythomas,aU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchscientist.(美國地質調查局研究科學家ChrisWaythomas說：“火山表面覆蓋著這些大塊，有些長達10米，是從火山口爆發出來的。”)”中ChrisWaythomas關于Bogoslof島環境的描述可知，Bogoslof島上的環境非常惡劣，故選A項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題題。通讀第三、四段以及第四段中的“Between1950and1988,thenorthernfursealpopulationdroppedfrom2.1millionto1.1million.Scientistsdonotknowwhytheyhavenotmadeaeback.(從1950年到1988年，北海狗的數量從210萬降到110萬。科學家不知道為什么它們沒有卷土重來)”可推知，人們不清楚為什么北海狗的數量沒有增加。故選D項。【15題詳解】細節理解題。根據第五段中的“Theyfearedanexplosioncouldshootuphugerocks.Instead,theymadedaytripsfromasecuredboat.Thecrewcountedthenumberofsealsandexaminedwhetherimagestakenfromabovebyanunpilotedaircraftcouldbeusedinfuturecounts.(他們擔心爆炸會把巨石炸飛。取而代之的是，他們每天乘坐安全的船進行觀測。機組人員清點了海豹的數量，并檢查了無人駕駛飛機從上空拍攝的圖像是否可以用于未來的計數)”可知，為了保證安全，研究員們每天都乘坐有安全保障設施的船只去探測北海狗的情況。故選C項。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Alllefthandedhumanshavenothaditeasyintheworld.Inmanyculturesandinthedarkages,lefthandedpeoplehavegenerallybeenseenasthedevil.Theword“left”inEnglishesfromtheAngloSaxonword“lyft”，whichmeansweakorbroken.TheOxfordEnglishDictionarydefines“lefthanded”asmeaningdefective,awkwardorclumsy.___16___A“lefthandedpliment”anda“lefthandedmarriage”canbesetasexamples.Theformerdoesnotmeansincerepraisebutindicatesaninsult.Thelatter,asyoumaynotice,referstoanillegalorinformalmarriage,which,inparticular,involvesonesideofroyalornoblebirthandtheotheroflowerrank.Insomecertaincultures,thingsgobeyondthat.___17___InNigeria,forinstance,takingorgivinganythingtoanyonewithyourlefthandisassumedthatyoulackhometraining.___18___ManypeoplearoundyouinChina,ifasked,wouldtellyoutheywereforcedbytheirparentsorteachers,towritewiththeirrighthand.Strangelyenough,noneofthoseelderscansaywhatanactualproblemthereiswithlefthandedness.Ifithastodowiththefearofthatchildnotbeingprosperous,therearealotoflefthandedpersonalitiesdoingwellandbreakinggrounds.Thepossibleexplanationheremaybeliesintheirlongheldprejudice.___19___Twothirdsoftheworldstillviewlefthandednessasashortingbutitisn't.___20___ThatiswhatC.R.Manskepointsout,“Lifewithoutlefthandedpeoplewouldn'tberight.”A.Andthatisnottheonlycase.B.Thefollowingtwoexamplescanbestreflectthispoint.C.Atinygestureormovementwiththelefthandcanmeanalot.D.Namely,peopletendtobelieveinmonideasinsteadofthereality.E.Thewayforwardforthelefthandersisforthemtobeacceptedastheyare.F.CertainphrasesinEnglishsuggestarathernegativeviewof“lefthandedness”.G.Inotherwords,differentdeeprootedbeliefsoriginatefromdifferentcultures.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.D20.E【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者認為人們普遍對“左撇子”帶有偏見，應該消除偏見，平等對待一切人。【16題詳解】前句“TheOxfordEnglishDictionarydefines"lefthanded"asmeaningdefective,awkwardorclumsy.”(牛津英語詞典將“左撇子”定義為有缺陷、笨拙的人。)，說明字典定義對“左撇子”帶有偏見，選項F“英語中的某些短語暗示了對‘左撇子’的一種相當消極的看法。”承接上文，進一步闡述除了字典定義外，連日常短語中也對“左撇子”帶有偏見，并且引出后句“A“lefthandedpliment”anda“lefthandedmarriage”canbesetasexamples.”（“左撇子的恭維”和“左撇子的婚姻”可做例子。），其中lefthandedpliment和lefthandedmarriage就是兩個英語短語（phrase）。前后語義一致，邏輯合理。故選F項。【17題詳解】前句“Insomecertaincultures,thingsgobeyondthat.”（在某些特定文化中，事情不止如此。）總起該段，說明除了上文中提到的字典中對“左撇子”偏見，還有更多。C項“用左手的一個小手勢或舉動意味著許多。”，進一步說明“左撇子”暗含深意多，引出后句“InNigeria,forinstance,takingorgivinganythingtoanyonewithyourlefthandisassumedthatyoulackhometraining.”（舉例來說，在尼日利亞，用左手拿或給東西被視作缺乏家教。）舉例說明人們對“左撇子”的偏見。選項C承上啟下，符合題意。故選C項。【18題詳解】上一段“Insomecertaincultures,thingsgobeyondthat.”（在某些文化中，事情遠不止這些。）中講對“左撇子”的偏見時講到尼日利亞的例子，選項A“那不是唯一的情況。”，是對“左撇子”偏見的進一步舉例說明，承接上文，并且引起下文“ManypeoplearoundyouinChina,ifasked,wouldtellyoutheywereforcedbytheirparentsorteachers,towritewiththeirrighthand.”（在中國，你周圍的許多人，如果被問到，會告訴你他們是被父母或老師強迫用右手寫字的。）運用中國例子進一步講“左撇子”偏見。選項A承上啟下，符合題意。故選A項。【19題詳解】前句“Thepossibleexplanationheremaybeliesintheirlongheldprejudice.”（這里可能的解釋可能在于他們長期以來的偏見。）說明人們對待“左撇子”的態度的可能原因，即longheldprejudice（長期的偏見），選項D“也就是說，人們傾向于相信共同的想法而不是現實。”中的tendtobelieveinmonideas，是對“長期偏見”的解釋說明。前后語義一致，邏輯合理。故選D項。【20題詳解】前句“Twothirdsoftheworldstillviewlefthandednessasashortingbutitisn't.”（世界上三分之二的人仍然認為左撇子是缺點，但是它不應該這樣。），說明作者認為把“左撇子”看成是缺點是不對的，選項E“對于左撇子來說，前進的道路就是讓他們接受他們現在的樣子。”進一步說明作者對于“左撇子”正確的態度，并且引出下文“ThatiswhatC.R.Manskepointsout,“Lifewithoutlefthandedpeoplewouldn'tberight.””（正如C.R.Manske指出的那樣，“沒有左撇子的生活不會是正確的。”）。前后銜接順暢，語義一致。故選E項。第二部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Foryears,ourchildrenoftenaskedusifwecouldgetadog.Whenfacedwithit,myhusbandandIhadsome___21___responses,suchas“Someday?"and“Maybewhenyou'reoldenough."Then___22___2020,theyearofourpandemicdread.Sometimebetweenmymother'slivestreamed___23___thisspringandbacktoschoolthatneverseemedtohappenthisfall,“maybe"___24___"yes"and“someday“became“assoonaspossible”.Wehadlostsomuchduringthepandemicmymother,mygrandmother...Hence,___25___apuppybecameanattractionforallofus.PUPPYDAY!!!wassoonwrittendownand___26___onthecalendar.Ournewpuppyfinallycame___27___inmidNovemberandhasbroughtalotofjoytous.Thekidspickedaname“Peggy“andrefusedtoconsiderothers.ItellPeggyseveraltimesadaywhata___28___angelsheis,usinga___29___Iwouldn'thavedreamedofusingevenwithmychildren.I'vefilledmyTwitterandInstagramfeedswith____30____ofher.Everynight,Ispendacoupleofquiet,peacefulhoursenjoyingcuddletimewithheronthecouchshewasn'tsupposedtobe____31____on.WhenItellpeoplethatPeggyhas____32____methisyearit'strue.Peggyhasgivenourweary,____33____familyanewsharedfocus,anemotionalcenterthatisn'tallaboutour____34____.She'sgivenusallanew____35____toputourloveinandbroughtusbacktoourselves.21.A.vague B.random C.explicit D.impractical22.A.made B.reached C.went D.came23.A.gathering B.shopping C.celebration D.funeral24.A.exchangedinto B.tookover C.gavewayto D.putthrough25A.saving B.spotting C.getting D.distinguishing26.A.appeared B.marked C.read D.seen27.A.up B.about C.along D.back28.A.perfect B.fortunate C.dynamic D.mon29.A.look B.language C.mood D.tone30.A.words B.pictures C.food D.supplies31.A.allowed B.sat C.anticipated D.involved32.A.surprised B.saved C.defended D.struck33.A.happy B.merciful C.heartbroken D.horrible34.A.loss B.news C.family D.feelings35.A.dog B.place C.chance D.idea【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在大流行病期間失去了親人，而后通過養小狗的方式拯救了家人和自己。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：面對這個問題，我和丈夫的回答有些含糊，比如“將來某一天？”或者“也許等你足夠大了吧。”A.vague模糊的；B.random隨機的；C.explicit明確的；D.impractical不切實際的。根據下文作者和丈夫的回答“Someday?”“Maybewhenyou'reoldenough.”可知，此處應是指模糊的，不確定的。故選A項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后就到了2020年，我們的大流行恐懼之年。A.made制作；B.reached達到；C.went去；D.came來到。根據“Then”以及“2020”可知，此處應是指“拖延到了2020年，然后就到了2020年”的意思。故選D項。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從今年春天我母親的葬禮到今年秋天似乎永遠不會開學的返校之路，“可能”讓位給了“是的”，而“有一天”變成了“盡快”。A.gathering聚會；B.shopping購物；C.celebration慶祝；D.funeral葬禮。根據下段“Wehadlostsomuchduringthepandemicmymother,mygrandmother...（在大流行期間我們失去了太多——我的母親，我的祖母……）”可知，此處應是指作者母親的葬禮。故選D項。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：從今年春天我母親的葬禮到今年秋天似乎永遠不會開學的返校之路，“可能”讓位給了“是的”，而“有一天”變成了“盡快”。A.exchangedinto把……兌換成；B.tookover接管；C.gavewayto給……讓路；D.putthrough接通，完成。根據“someday”became“assoonaspossible”可知，作者的態度發生了轉變，由以前的含糊回答，到現在變得果斷、肯定。由此可知此處應是指“可能”給“是的”讓路的意思。故選C項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，養一只小狗對我們所有人都很有吸引力。A.saving拯救；B.spotting發現；C.getting得到；D.distinguishing區別。由上文“Wehadlostsomuchduringthepandemicmymother,mygrandmother...”以及“Hence”可知，此處應是指在流行病期間作者失去了很多，所以她和家人想養只狗，珍惜當下，盡快做一些沒有做的事，而不是像以前一樣一拖再拖。故選C項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：PUPPYDAY!!!很快就被寫下來，并記在日歷上。A.appeared出現；B.marked標記；C.read閱讀；D.seen看見。根據上文“PUPPYDAY!!!wassoonwrittendownand”可知，此處應是指PUPPYDAY!!!被寫下來，并且在日歷上進行標記。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的新小狗終于在11月中旬出現了，給我們帶來了很多歡樂。A.up向上；B.about大約；C.along來到，一起；D.back向后。根據“Ournewpuppy”以及上文說到作者一家想養小狗可知，此處應是指新的小狗終于在11月中旬出現了。ealong意為出現，到來。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天好幾次對佩吉說，它是一個多么完美的天使，用的語氣即使是對我的孩子們，我也從未想過會這么說。A.perfect完美的；B.fortunate幸運的；C.dynamic動態的；D.mon普通的。根據下文“angel”以及“usinga___9___Iwouldn'thavedreamedofusingevenwithmychildren”可知，作者非常地愛這只小狗，此處應是指“完美的”。故選A項。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天好幾次對佩吉說，它是一個多么完美的天使，用的語氣即使是對我的孩子們，我也從未想過會這么說。A.look樣子；B.language語言；C.mood心情；D.tone語調。根據上文“ItellPeggyseveraltimesaday（我一天告訴佩吉好幾次）”可知，此處應是指“語調”。故選D項。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的推特和Instagram上都是它的照片。A.words話語，字；B.pictures照片；C.food食物；D.supplies供應品。根據上文“TwitterandInstagram”，結合此處的“her”指那只小狗，可知設空處應是指照片，推特和Instagram上都是小狗的照片。故選B項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天晚上，我都會花上幾個小時安靜地和它依偎在沙發上，這本是它不被允許（這么做）的。A.allowed允許；B.sat坐；C.anticipated預料；D.involved涉及。根據上文“cuddletimewithheronthecouch（和它在沙發上依偎）”，結合常識可知，此處應是指小狗本應是不被允許和作者躺在沙發上依偎的。故選A項。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我告訴別人佩吉今年救了我的時候——這是真的。A.surprised使驚訝；B.saved拯救；C.defended辯護；D.struck打擊。根據下文“Peggyhasgivenourweary,___13___familyanewsharedfocus,anemotionalcenterthatisn'tallaboutour___14___.（佩吉給我們疲憊、心碎的家庭提供了一個新的共同關注焦點，一個不全是關于失去親人的情感中心）”可知，此處應是指佩吉拯救了作者。故選B項。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：佩吉給我們疲憊、心碎的家庭提供了一個新的共同關注焦點，一個不全是關于失去親人的情感中心。A.happy開心的；B.merciful仁慈的；C.heartbroken心碎的；D.horrible可怕的。根據上文“weary（疲憊的）”以及前文作者失去了親人可知，此處應是指“心碎的家庭”。故選C項。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：佩吉給我們疲憊、心碎的家庭提供了一個新的共同關注焦點，一個不全是關于失去親人的情感中心。A.loss損失；B.news新聞；C.family家庭；D.feelings感覺。根據上文“ourweary,___13___family”可知，此處應是指作者和家人們的損失，失去。故選A項。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它給了我們一個新的地方來安放我們的愛讓我們找回自我。A.dog狗；B.place地方；C.chance機會；D.idea想法。根據下文“toputourloveinandbroughtusbacktoourselves（把我們的愛放進去，讓我們找回自我）”可知，此處應是指可以安放我們的愛讓我們找回自我的地方。故選B項。第二節(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。SanxingduiisbelievedtohavesatattheheartoftheShustate,whichhistoriansknow___36___(relative)littleaboutduetofewlittlewrittenrecords.Morethan50,000ancientartifacts___37___(find)atSanxingduisincethe1920s,___38___alocalfarmeraccidentallycameuponanumberofrelicsatthesite.Amajorbreakthrough___39___(occur)in1986,withthediscoveryoftwoceremonialpits___40___(contain)over1,000items,elaborateandwellpreservedbronzemasksincluded.Manyoftheitemsarenow___41___displayatanonsitemuseum.Thesitehasrevolutionizedexperts'understandingofhowcivilizationdevelopedinancientChina.Inparticular,evidenceofauniqueShuculturesuggestedthatthekingdomdevelopedindependentlyofneighboringsocietiesintheYellowRiverValley,whichwasconsideredtobe___42___cradle(搖籃)ofChinesecivilization.Thediscoveryofsilkfibersandtheremainsoftextilesmayalsoexpand___43___(we)understandingoftheShu.Headoftheexcavationteam,TangFei,saidinapressconferencethatthediscoveryindicatesthatthekingdom“wasoneoftheimportant___44___(origin)ofsilkinancientChina”.Thoughnotyet___45___(recognize)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,Sanxingduiisontheorganization's"tentativelist"forpossiblefutureinclusion.【答案】36.relatively37.havebeenfound38.when39.occurred40.containing41.on42.