必修⑤Unit3單元檢測B——閱讀理解提速練Ⅰ.閱讀理解APatientsintheearlystagesofAlzheimer'sdiseaseoftenstruggletorememberrecentlylearnedinformation,meaningtheyforgetthingslikeimportantappointmentsorwheretheylefttheirkeys.Butitseemsthatthesememoriesarenotlost.Theyarestillfiledawayinthebrainsomewhere;theyjustcan'tbeeasilyaccessed.Now,researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackmemoriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer's.Themethodreliesonatechniquethatuseslighttocontrolgeneticallymodifiedneurons(轉基因神經元).Currentlyitistooearlytobeusedinhumantrialsasitinvolvesinsertinglightemitting(發光)equipmentintothesubjects'brains,butthesameprinciplesstillapply,theresearcherssaid.“Theimportantpointisthatthisisevidenceofconcept.Thatis,evenifamemoryseemstobegone,itisstillthere.It'samatterofhowtogetitback，”saidseniorresearcherSusumuTonegawa.Theteamtooktwogroupsofmice,onegeneticallyengineeredtodevelopAlzheimer'sandonehealthy.Theythenplacedthemintoaroomandgavethemamildelectricshock.Allofthemiceshowedfearwhenputbackinanhourlater.Whenplacedintheroomathirdtimeseveraldayslater,theAlzheimer'smiceactednormally.Theyhadforgottentheshock.Theresearcherswerethenabletobringbackthememoryoftheshockbyactivating(激活)thecellsinwhichthememorieswerestored.Evenwhenthemicewereputintoanunfamiliarroom,theyshowedfearwhenthecellsassociatedwiththeshockwereactivated.“Short-termmemoryseemstobenormal,ontheorderofhours.Butforlong-termmemory,theseearlyAlzheimer'smiceseemtobedamaged，”saidleadresearcherDheerajRoy.“Directlyactivatingthecellsthatwebelieveareholdingthememoryhelpsthemgetitback.Thissuggeststhatitisindeedanaccessproblemtotheinformation,notthatthey'reunabletolearnorstorethismemory.”語篇解讀：通過對老鼠的實驗研究，研究者發現在患有阿爾茨海默癥的老鼠身上，能夠通過激活儲存記憶的細胞，使老鼠重得記憶。1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheresearchersatMIT?A．Theyarethepioneersofbrainresearch.B．Theyhaveusedthemethodinhumantrials.C．TheycancureAlzheimer'susingthenewmethod.D．TheycangetbackmemoriesinmicewithAlzheimer's.解析：選D細節理解題。根據第二段第一句“Now,researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackmemoriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer's.”可知，麻省理工學院的研究者已研發出一種使患有阿爾茨海默癥的老鼠恢復記憶的方法。故選D項。2．WhydidtheAlzheimer'smicebehavenormallyathirdtime?A．Theyfailedtoremembertheelectricshock.B．Theywereaccustomedtothesituation.C．Theymanagedtooverethefear.D．Theyactivatedtheassociationautomatically.解析：選A細節理解題。根據第四段最后兩句可知，患有阿爾茨海默癥的老鼠的行為正常，是因為它們已經忘了電擊的痛苦。故選A項。3．Forlong-termmemory,theearlyAlzheimer'smice________.A．cantransformtheirbraincellsB．can'tlearnnewtrickswellC．caneasilygetbacktheirmemoryD．can'taccesstheinformationstored解析：選D細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Butforlong-termmemory...seemtobedamaged”和“itisindeedanaccessproblemtotheinformation”可知，處在阿爾茨海默癥早期的老鼠對于長期記憶不能獲取儲存的信息。故選D項。4．Themainpurposeofthetextisto________.A．introduceamethodofaresearchB．reportthelatestdiscoveryaboutadiseaseC．giveadviceonhowtoimprovememoryD．explainhowthebrainstoresinformation解析：選B寫作目的題。本文主要介紹了麻省理工學院的研究者們對阿爾茨海默癥的新研究，因此，本文的寫作目的是介紹阿爾茨海默癥的最新研究。故選B項。B(2018·湖南省重點中學聯考)Professionalcourses,suchasMastersofInternationalBusinessorMIB,havebeentakenbymanystudentsinthelasttwodecades.Theyarechoosingnew-agenon-conventionalcoursesthatguaranteeabetterfuture.MIBisaspecializedcoursethatteachestheinternationalbusiness.TherearevalidreasonsforsomuchpopularityoftheMIBcourse.ThecoursecontentandteachingmethodsofMIBarequitedifferentfromanormalMBAorMasterofBusinessAdministration.Ithasbeendesignedwiththesoleobjectiveofdevelopingprofessionalswithanin-depthunderstandingandknowledgeoftheinternationaltrade.ThecourseoffersvariousadvantagesovertheconventionalMBAdegreecourse.Themassiveincreaseintheinternationalbusinessandforeigntradegivesexcellentjobprospects(背景)tothenewgeneration.AcquiringadegreeofMIBoffersoutstandinggrowthofjobopportunities.ThosewhowanttopursueinthefieldofmarketingalsohaveagoodfutureafterpletingthedegreefromareputedMIBcollege.BigmultinationalorganizationslookfortalentedpeoplewhocanhandlethejobprofileofInternationalMarketingManage,andpeoplewithMIBdegreesarepreferred.Theprofileneedsanin-depthunderstandingofoverseasmarketsbecauseitisthestrategicpostfromtheperspectiveofpany'sinternationalbusinessgrowth.Sincebusinessfinanceandeconomicsarecoveredat_lengthinthecurriculumofMIB,studentshavegreatjoboffersinthefieldoffinanceaswell.Typically,organizationsoffertheprofileofinternationalfinancecontrollerstothosewhopleteMIBwiththespecializationoffinance.Thespecializationcoversaspectsofinternationaltaxes,accounts,budgetingandsoon.Peopleinthisfieldarewell-paid,andgrowthprospectsareunlimited.AfterpletingdegreecoursesfromareputedMIBcollege,thereisagoodscopeinthebankingandfinancesectoraswell.Internationalbanksappointpeoplewhohaveanexcellentgraspovertheinternationalbankingpolicies,currencyexchange,andinternationalpolicies.Thus,MIBisthegoldenkeytosuccesswithbrilliantjobopportunitiesinnationalandmultinationalsectors.語篇解讀：本文介紹了近二十年里逐步流行并受學生青睞的MIB課程，即國際商務碩士課程。該課程與常規的MBA大有不同，它具有多種優勢，包括可以增強學生的就業競爭力。5．Howisthesecondparagraphmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bylistingfigures.C．Bymakingparisons.D．Byprovingdefinition.解析：選C寫作手法題。根據第二段首句“ThecoursecontentandteachingmethodsofMIBarequitedifferentfromanormalMBAorMasterofBusinessAdministration.”可知，MIB與常規的MBA大有不同，由此可知，該段采用了作比較的說明方法。故選C項。6．WhydomoreandmorepeopleintendtoacquireadegreeofMIB?A．Itisapulsorycourseinthecolleges.B．Itsoundsmorespecialthanothercourses.C．Itoffersthemopportunitiestodosmallbusinesses.D．Ithelpsthemgetgoodjobsinsomeorganizations.解析：選D細節理解題。根據第三段第二句“AcquiringadegreeofMIBoffersoutstandinggrowthofjobopportunities.”以及第四句“Bigmultinationalorganizationslookfortalentedpeoplewhocanhandle...andpeoplewithMIBdegreesarepreferred.”可知，獲取MIB學位有助于人們在一些組織、機構中爭取到好的職位。故選D項。7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Theinternationalfinancecontrollerisahigh-qualityjob.B．MIBholdersaremorepromisinginallcareersthanothers.C．InternationalbanksmerelyemployMIBcollegegraduates.D．Peoplegethighersalaryinbusinessfieldthaninfinancefield.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Typically,organizationsoffertheprofileofinternationalfinancecontrollerstothosewhopleteMIBwiththespecializationoffinance...Peopleinthisfieldarewell-paid,andgrowthprospectsareunlimited.”可推斷，國際財務總監是一個高級職位。故選A項。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atlength”inParagraph4mean?A．Atlast. B．Onaverage.C．Indetail. D．Bychance.解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據最后一段首句中的“studentshavegreatjoboffersinthefieldoffinanceaswell”可知，學生們在金融領域也能找到很好的工作。由此可判斷金融學和經濟學在MIB大綱中已有詳盡的詮釋。atlast意為“終于”；onaverage意為“平均”；indetail意為“詳盡地”；bychance意為“偶然”。故選C項。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五__1__Movingfromhighschoolintocollegecanbeespeciallydifficultbecauseofthefreedomstudentsexperienceincollegealongwithanewsetofexpectations.Inhighschool,studentsusuallyliveathome,andtheirparentstakecareofalltheirphysicalneedssuchasfoodandhousing.__2__Parentsarealsotheretoofferhelpandmakesurethatthestudents'homeworkisdone.Duringtheschoolday,studentsrarelyhavefreetime.Theygodirectlyfromoneclasstoanother.Teachersarealwaysaroundtotellthestudentswhattodo.__3__Sostudentscanoftenpletetheirhomeworkandreadinginashorttime.__4__Theymayberesponsibleforshopping,payingbills,andlaundry.Theyalsomayhavetocooktheirownmeals.Theirparentsarenotaroundtohelpwithhomeworkoreventocheckifithasbeendone.Contrarytostudentsinhighschool,studentsincollegemayhavealotoffreetimebetweenclasses,butmustdisciplinethemselvestousethistimeproductivelyforhomeworkandotherassignments.__5__A．Studentsdonotusuallyhavetoshopfortheirfood,taketimetopaybills,orevendotheirownlaundry.B．Highschoolstudentshavetoburythemselvesinpilesofpapers.C．Finally,theworkitselfisnotsochallenging.D．Bycontrast,incollege,studentsoftenliveawayfromhomeindormsorapartments.E．Incollege,studentsmayapplytoabankloanandotherswilltrytofindpart-timejobs.F．