高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省名校聯盟2022-2023學年高三5月沖刺壓軸大聯考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Findmorematerials. B.Communicatewithothers. C.Signupforanonlinecourse.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:IjustdecidedtotakeaFrenchcourseonline.Icanstudyatanytime,andgetthematerialsfromalmostanycomputerintheworld.M:Thatisgreat.ButIthinkcommunicationisalsoimportantforlearningaforeignlanguage.2.WhichclasswillthespeakershavenextMonday?A.Biology. B.Chemistry. C.English.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:ThebiologyclassnextMondaywillbereplacedbyachemistryclass.M:Thatisawful.I’mnotpreparedforthat.W:Meneither.IwishwecouldhaveanEnglishclass.3.Whatkindofsymptomdoesthewomanhaveaftergettingashot?A.Asorethroat. B.Headaches. C.Musclepains.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Didyougetvaccinated?W:I’mstillwaitingformysecondshot.M:Doesthishaveanysideeffects?Iheardthatsomeonemighthavesymptomslikemusclepains,chills,headaches,ortiredness.W:Yes,Ihaveamildsymptom—asorethroat.Butthatdoesn’treallymatter.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’sidea?A.Great. B.Serious. C.Unrealistic.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:I’mgoingtothepartyatCarol’shouse.W:Youcan’tbeserious!We’vegottwotestsatschooltomorrow.5.HowmuchwoulditcosttostayattheSwissChaletforaweek?A.100dollars. B.115dollars. C.126dollars.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:Whereareyougoingonvacationthissummer?W:I’veheardaboutaniceplacecalledtheSwissChalet.It’s18dollarsadayor115dollarsaweek.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whereprobablyarethespeakers?A.Inabank. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inahotel.7.Howwillthemanpayfortheservice?A.Bycreditcard. B.ByWeChatPay. C.Incash.〖答案〗6.B7.C〖解析〗M:Excuseme.IthinkI’mreadytogo.W:Yes,canIgetanythingelseforyou?M:No,thanks.IthinkI’lljusthavethechecknow.W:Alright.Butpleasekeepinmindthatweonlytakecash.M:Ohno,Ionlyhavemycreditcard.Don’tyouacceptanyonlinepaymentlikeWeChatPay?W:No,sir.ButthereisanATMrightnextdoor.M:OK.I’llgetsomemoney.W:That’sfine.I’llgiveyouthecheckwhenyoucomeback.M:Allright.Thankssomuch.W:Noproblem.Ihopeyouenjoyedyourmeal.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatmainlycausesthewoman’sretirement?A.Herage. B.Herinjury. C.Herkid.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutgivingupdancinginpublic?A.Sad. B.Satisfied. C.Hesitant.〖答案〗8.C9.A〖解析〗M:So,Maria,isittrueyou’regoingtoretiresoon?W:Yes.I’mgoingtobethirty-fivesoon,soit’sgettingharderandharderformephysically,andI’mstillrecoveringfromthatlastbackinjuryIhad.Butthemainreason’sthatIneedtospendtimewithmylittleboy.He’sonlytwoandhe’sgrowingupsofast.Idon’twanttomissit.M:Soyoudon’tenjoybeingontouranymore?W:It’snotthatIdon’tenjoy.It’sjustnotpracticalanymore.It’llactuallybreakmyhearttogiveupdancinginpublic.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenCarolandLeo?A.Colleagues. B.Husbandandwife. C.Salespersonandcustomer.11.WhatdoesLeoprobablywanttobuy?A.Asofa. B.Acupboard. C.Officesupplies.12.WhatwillCaroldonext?A.Goshopping. B.Attendameeting. C.Makeaphonecall.〖答案〗10.B11.C12.B〖解析〗W:LeoandIneedalotofstufftofurnishourhouse,butwedon’tknowwheretobuythethings.Couldyougivemesomeadvice,David?M:Sure,Carol.Whatkindofthingsdoyouneed?W:Well,wehavemostofthefurniturealready,likeasofa,adinnertable,acupboard,andbeds.ButLeowantstousethesmallbedroomasanoffice.M:AsforLeo,heshouldgotoanofficesupplystore.There’saverygoodonecalledOfficeDepot.Ithaseverythinghewillneedandthepricesarereasonable.W:Thanks.IwillcallLeolaterandtellhimtopickmeupafterwork.Oh,it’stimeforourmeeting.Let’sgorightnow.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Howmuchdidthemanpayforthereturnticket?A.$20. B.$30. C.$40.14.Howdidthemangethistickettoday?A.Fromtheticketoffice. B.Fromtheticketmachine. C.FromtheInternet.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthetrain?A.Itwaslatetoday. B.It’simprovedalot. C.Itservesexpensivefoodanddrinks.16.Whatwasthemansatisfiedwithtoday?A.Theticketingservice. B.Thetrainschedule. C.Thenetworksignal.〖答案〗13.B14.C15.A16.C〖解析〗W:CanIaskwhatkindofticketyoubought?Iassumeitwasn’taseasonticket.M:That’sright.No,Ijustgotanormalreturnticket.Idon’thavearailcardsoIdidn’tgetanydiscount.W:Yes,you’dhavesaved40%onyourtickettoday.Thesingleticketis$20.Soyoupaidthefullpriceforyourreturnticket?M:Ipaid$30.W:Doyouusuallybuyyourticketsatthestation?M:Well,IdousuallybuttheticketofficeclosesearlyandIhateusingticketmachines.Ithinkticketofficesshouldbeopenforlongerhours.There’salwaysaqueueforthemachinesandthey’reoftenoutoforder.SoIgotane-ticketonline.W:And,isthereanythingyouweren’tsatisfiedwith?M:Well,normally,thetrainsrunontimeandareprettyreliablebuttodaytherewasadelay;thetrainwasabout15minutesbehindschedule.W:Whatwouldyousayyouweresatisfiedwithtoday?M:Well,IliketheWi-Fionthetrain.It’simprovedalot.ItmakesiteasierformetoworkifIwantto.Andthefoodanddrinksarecheaperthanbefore.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.WhatshouldthelistenersbringonMonday?A.Jacket. B.Sandwiches. C.Drinks.18.WhatwillthelistenersdoonTuesday?A.BiketothetopofMountLama.B.Enjoythefantasticviews.C.Cyclebacktothecamp.19.Whencanthelistenersmakeapurchase?A.OnWednesdaymorning.B.OnWednesdayafternoon.C.OnThursdayevening.20.Whoisthisspeechprobablyintendedfor?A.Musiclovers. B.Astronomers. C.Tourists.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.B20.C〖解析〗M:Hello,everyone.NowI’lltellyouaboutourtrips.OnMonday,youwillhaveaforestwalk.It’saguidedwalkofaboutsevenkilometers.There’llbeastophalfway,andyou’llbeprovidedwithadrinkandsandwiches.Therearesomefairlysteepclimbsupthehills,soyouneedtobereasonablyfitforthisoneandbringawaterproofjacketincaseitrains.ThenonTuesdayweorganizeacycletrip,whichwillgiveyouallthefunofbikingwithouttheeffort.WewilltakeyouandyourbikeuptothetopofMountLama,andleaveyoutobikebacktothecamp.OnWednesdayyou’llbetakentoafactorywherejewelryismade.Ifyouwant,youcanbuysomeofthesouvenirsbutthat’sentirelyuptoyou.Thetripstartsafterlunch,andyou’llreturnby6p.m.OnThursdaywecanoffertripstotheobservatoryforthosewhoareinterestedinastronomy.Andyou’llbeshownthehugetelescopesandanexpertwillexplainhowtheywork.第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASomeInternetBuzzwordsof2022ThechosenlaborersDerivedfromtheChinesetermdagongrenwhichmeans“laborers”or“workingpeople”,“thechosenlaborers”refertothosewhostayhealthyduringthepandemic,allowingthemtogotoworkeveryday.BegoneInaviralvideo,awomaninaparkingargumentwascaughtoncamera,stomping(跺)herfeet,wavingherarmsandrepeatedlytellingtheotherpersonto“begone”.TheoddrepetitionoftheChinesetermtuiremindedmanypeopleofatraditionalceremonytowardoffevilspirits,andthewoman’swordsquicklybecameanincantation(咒語)toprotectusersfrombadluckormisfortune.IhavenothingtosayLiterallymeaning“thankyousomuch”,thetermisnowironicallyusedbyChinesesocialmediauserstoexpress“beingspeechless”.Theyoriginallycreated“栓Q”tojokeabouttheEnglishaccentofLiuTao,afarmerwhoclaimstobeaself-taughtEnglishenthusiastonDouyin.Liuhasaccumulatedover2.6millionfollowersbysharingvideosabouthishometowninGuilin,inChineseandEnglish.OnlinemouthdoubleManynetizensfindithardtoexpressthemselvesclearly.Sowhentheyfindsomeonewhohasspokenoutonanissuetheycareaboutinamorepersuasivewayonline—suchasonatalkshow,inamediainterview,orinanonlinecomment—theycallthemtheirhulianwangzuiti,or“onlinemouthdouble”,asawaytoexpressagreementandappreciation.CyberpickleJustlikeZhacai,orpickledvegetables,asidedishonChinesedinnertables,cyberpickleistheperfecttelevisedcomfortfoodtoaccompanyanymeal.RangingfromsceneplayslikeFriendstovariousshortvideos,cyberpickleistheembodiment(體現，化身)ofemptycalories.21.WhatcantheChinesetermtuimakepeoplethinkof?A.Anoldceremonytopreventevilspirits.B.Awaytoescapefromsevereepidemic.C.Aconditiontokeephealthyduringthepandemic.D.Areligiousceremonythatcanpreventpeoplefrombadluck.22.Nowadays,theterm“Ihavenothingtosay”isdesignedto______.A.expressthanks B.embodyemptycaloriesC.convey“beingspeechless” D.jokeabouttheEnglishaccentofLiuTao23.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethattheviewsonChatGPTpostedontheInternetbySmitharewellreceived?A.Thechosenlaborers B.OnlinemouthdoubleC.Ihavenothingtosay D.Cyberpickle【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。本文主要介紹了2022年的網絡流行語。〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B21．〖解析〗細節理解題。根據Begone部分的“TheoddrepetitionoftheChinesetermtuiremindedmanypeopleofatraditionalceremonytowardoffevilspirits,andthewoman’swordsquicklybecameanincantation(咒語)toprotectusersfrombadluckormisfortune.(中文“退”這個詞的奇怪重復讓很多人想起了一種傳統的辟邪儀式，這名女子的話很快就成為了一種咒語，可以保護使用者免受厄運或不幸。)”可知，中文“退”這個詞會讓人想到一個古老的儀式，以防止邪惡的靈魂。故選A。22．〖解析〗細節理解題。根據Ihavenothingtosay部分的“Literallymeaning“thankyousomuch”,thetermisnowironicallyusedbyChinesesocialmediauserstoexpress“beingspeechless”.(這個詞的字面意思是“非常感謝”，現在被中國社交媒體用戶諷刺地用來表示“無語”。)”可知，“Ihavenothingtosay”這個詞的目的是傳達“無語”，故選C。23．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據Onlinemouthdouble部分的“Sowhentheyfindsomeonewhohasspokenoutonanissuetheycareaboutinamorepersuasivewayonline—suchasonatalkshow,inamediainterview,orinanonlinecomment—theycallthemtheirhulianwangzuiti,or“onlinemouthdouble”,asawaytoexpressagreementandappreciation.(因此，當他們發現有人在網上以一種更有說服力的方式就他們關心的問題發表意見時，比如在脫口秀、媒體采訪或網上評論中，他們就稱他們為“網絡口舌達人”，作為表達贊同和感激的一種方式。)”可知，最好地描述史密斯在互聯網上發表的關于ChatGPT的觀點受到歡迎的是Onlinemouthdouble，故選B。BTheSouthAfricantownHamburgissituatedbyoneofthemostbeautifulestuaries(河口)intheEasternCape.It’sknownforitsrichXhosaculture.Itisalsohometoagroupofwomenwhohaveproducedaseriesofextraordinaryartworksthathavebeenexhibitedaroundtheworld.KeiskammaArtProjectwascreatedtoteachlocalwomenembroidery(刺繡)skillstohelpthematatoughtimeeconomicallyandsocially,butunexpectedlyithasgrownintosomethingmuchbigger.Havingbeenshownatinternationalartgalleries,manyoftheirtapestries(掛毯)arenowbeingdisplayedunderoneroofforthefirsttime,atanexhibitioninJohannesburg.Theirstorybeganin2000,whenDr.CarolHofmeyrmovedfromJohannesburgtoHamburg.Shefoundthatthetownwasstrugglingwithhighunemploymentandthatlocalwomenweredesperatetofindwaystofeedtheirfamilies.Havingstudiedembroideryherself,shehopedthatpassingonthatknowledgetolocalwomenwouldhelpempowerthem.Fromhumblebeginnings,moreandmorewomenheardabouttheprojectthroughwordofmouth.Now,over150womenarepartoftheproject.Sellingtheirworksprovidesasourceofincome,buttheprojecthasalsocreatedasupportsystemforthewomen.Initially,thewomenstartedoutsimplycreatingcushions(坐墊)andsmallhandbagstoselltotourists.Eventually,theystartedreceivingtasksforlargerpieces.Theyweregivenpanelsaboutameterinsizetoworkonathome.Byjoiningthecompletedpanelstogether,theycreatedthefirstoftheirlargeworksandoneoftheirmostcelebrated,“TheKeiskammaTapestry”,whichtellsthehistoryoftheXhosapeoplewhoweresubjugated(征服)throughcolonizationandtheXhosaBritishFrontierWarsfrom1776to1876.Anothercelebratedpieceis“TheKeiskammaAltarpiece”,whichwasproducedby130women.Thefour-meter-high,four-meter-widepiecerevealsthestrugglesthatelderlyXhosawomenenduredwhentheyouthintheircommunitywerehitbyHIVtwodecadesago,andtheysteppedintocareforchildren.Recentartworksengagewithcontemporaryissues.“COVIDResilienceTapestry”dealswiththepandemic;“ANewEarthandOurSacredOcean”isacallforenvironmentalconsciousness.24.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toinformreadersofthesituation. B.Tobringinthetopicofthetext.C.Tointroduceanancientculture. D.Topromotethelocalartworks.25.Whatisbeyondpeople’sexpectationforKeiskammaArtProject?A.Ithelpsalotofwomen. B.Itgainsinternationalfame.C.Ithelpsdeveloplocaleconomy. D.ItsponsorsanexhibitioninJohannesburg.26.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheprocessofmaking“TheKeiskammaTapestry”?A.Historical. B.Game-changing. C.Cooperative. D.Time-consuming.27.Whatdoweknowabout“TheKeiskammaAltarpiece”?A.ItshowstheXhosapeople’ssufferings. B.Itreflectsonsomecontemporaryissues.C.Itcoverssomepandemic-relatedcontent. D.Itaimstoarousetheenvironmentalawareness.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講南非Hamburg小鎮因科薩文化而聞名，當地的女士們通過制作一些工藝品度過生活難關。〖答案〗24.B25.B26.C27.A24．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據第一段“TheSouthAfricantownHamburgissituatedbyoneofthemostbeautifulestuaries(河口)intheEasternCape.It’sknownforitsrichXhosaculture.Itisalsohometoagroupofwomenwhohaveproducedaseriesofextraordinaryartworksthathavebeenexhibitedaroundtheworld.(南非小鎮漢堡坐落在東開普省最美麗的河口之一。它以其豐富的科薩文化而聞名。這里也是一群女性的家，她們創作了一系列非凡的藝術品，并在世界各地展出)”可知，第一段的目的是引入文章的主題。故選B。25．〖解析〗細節理解題。根據第二段中“KeiskammaArtProjectwascreatedtoteachlocalwomenembroidery(刺繡)skillstohelpthematatoughtimeeconomicallyandsocially,butunexpectedlyithasgrownintosomethingmuchbigger.(Keiskamma藝術項目的創建是為了教授當地婦女刺繡技能，以幫助她們度過經濟和社會困難時期，但意想不到的是，它已經發展成了一個更大的項目)”可知，Keiskamma藝術項獲得了國際聲譽超出了人們的期望。故選B。26．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據第五段“Byjoiningthecompletedpanelstogether,theycreatedthefirstoftheirlargeworksandoneoftheirmostcelebrated,“TheKeiskammaTapestry”,whichtellsthehistoryoftheXhosapeoplewhoweresubjugated(征服)throughcolonizationandtheXhosaBritishFrontierWarsfrom1776to1876.(通過將完成的面板連接在一起，他們創造了他們的第一個大型作品，也是他們最著名的作品之一，“KeiskammaTapestry”，它講述了科薩人在1776年至1876年的殖民統治和科薩英國邊境戰爭中被征服的歷史)”可知，制作“凱思卡瑪掛毯”的過程是互相合作的。故選C。27．〖解析〗細節理解題。根據第六段“Thefour-meter-high,four-meter-widepiecerevealsthestrugglesthatelderlyXhosawomenenduredwhentheyouthintheircommunitywerehitbyHIVtwodecadesago,andtheysteppedintocareforchildren.(這件四米高，四米寬的作品揭示了二十年前，當科薩族的年輕人感染艾滋病毒時，年長的科薩婦女所忍受的斗爭，她們挺身而出照顧孩子)”可知，TheKeiskammaAltarpiece展示了科薩人民的苦難。故選A。CPhotosynthesis(光合作用)isauniqueskillofgreenplants—theyturnwaterandcarbondioxideintooxygenandfoodviasunlight.AgroupofChinesescientists,however,have“copied”theprocessonanimals.Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworks.Plantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.Theyseparatedthylakoids(內囊體),apartofthecellwherelightreactionstakeplaceinplants,fromyoungspinach(菠菜)leaves.Thescientiststhenwrappedthethylakoidswiththecoverofanimalcells,whichmadetheimplantedthylakoidsmoreacceptabletoforeignbodies.Themiceusedinthestudyweresufferingfromarthritis(骨關節炎),meaningcellsintheircartilage(軟骨)haddegeneratedandcouldnotberepairedbythemselves.Withthethylakoidsimplantedintothemiceandexposedtolight,themicerecovered.Theirmetabolism(新陳代謝)returnedtonormal.Inarthritis,patientsusuallyhaveenergylosssincefewerenergy-carryingmoleculesaregenerated.Theimplant,however,cancorrecttheimbalancebystoringmoreenergyviaphotosynthesis.Theresearchersalsoclaimedthattheirtestswouldhavemedicalusage.Itcanbeusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseasesbecausethenaturalphotosynthesissystemmayrepaircells.Itmayalsodelaytheagingprocessincells.Thestudyshowed“anexcitingachievementthatopensuppossibilitiesofmetabolismengineering,”commentedoneofthepaper’sreviewersFranciscoCejudo,fromtheUniversityofSevilleinSpain,reportedXinhua.28.Whatdoesthestudyfocuson?A.Whetherphotosynthesisworksonanimals.B.Howphotosynthesispreventsdegenerativediseases.C.Whydegenerativediseasesareharmful.D.Whatthescientistshavedoneforthemetabolismengineering.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“degenerated”probablymean?A.Engaged. B.Infected. C.Worsened. D.Reproduced.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Thestudyhasgreatlyfacilitatedmetabolismengineering.B.Energylosspartiallyaccountsfordegenerativediseases.C.Thetestssucceedinundergoingclinicaltrials.D.Theimplantcangeneratemoreenergy.31.Whatdoesthepaperreviewerthinkofthetests?A.Theyareinefficient. B.Theyaredemanding.C.Theyareunfounded. D.Theyarepromising.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了一個中國科學團隊在動物身上“復制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全過程。〖答案〗28.A29.C30.B31.D28．〖解析〗細節理解題。根據第一段“Photosynthesis(光合作用)isauniqueskillofgreenplants—theyturnwaterandcarbondioxideintooxygenandfoodviasunlight.AgroupofChinesescientists,however,have“copied”theprocessonanimals.(光合作用是綠色植物的一項獨特技能——它們通過陽光將水和二氧化碳轉化為氧氣和食物。然而，一組中國科學家在動物身上“復制”了這一過程)”可知，本次研究主要聚焦在植物身上發生的光合作用是否也對動物產生相應的影響，故選A。29．〖解析〗詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞后文“andcouldnotberepairedbythemselves(而且無法自行修復)”可知，這些小鼠的軟骨細胞已經退變、老化，無法自行修復。故劃線詞意思是“變差”。故選C。30．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據第三段“Inarthritis,patientsusuallyhaveenergylosssincefewerenergy-carryingmoleculesaregenerated.Theimplant,however,cancorrecttheimbalancebystoringmoreenergyviaphotosynthesis.(如果患有骨關節炎，由于新生的載能分子較少，患者通常會產生能量損失。然而，植入的類囊體可以通過光合作用儲存更多能量，扭轉這一失衡狀態)”可推知，能量損失部分解釋了退行性疾病。故選B。31．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Thestudyshowed“anexcitingachievementthatopensuppossibilitiesofmetabolismengineering,”commentedoneofthepaper’sreviewersFranciscoCejudo,fromtheUniversityofSevilleinSpain,reportedXinhua.(據新華社報道，來自西班牙塞維利亞大學的論文審稿人FranciscoCejudo評論說，這項研究顯示了“一項令人興奮的成就，開辟了代謝工程的可能性”)”可知，這是一項令人興奮的成就，開辟了代謝工程的可能性，故選D。DThere’snosingleknowncauseforautism(自閉癥),butresearchersnowpointthefingerathigherlithium(鋰)levelsindrinkingwater.TheirnewstudyfoundthatpregnantwomeninDenmarkwhosehouseholdtapwaterhadhigherlevelsoflithiumweremorelikelytohavekidswithautism,comparedtopregnantwomenlivinginareaswheretapwaterhadlowerlevelsofthiselement.“Maternalprenatal(妊娠期)exposuretolithiumfromnaturallyoccurringdrinkingwatersourcesinDenmarkwasassociatedwithanincreasedautismspectrumdisorderriskintheoffspring,”saidstudyauthorDr.BeateRitz,aprofessorofneurology.“Thissuggestsapotentialfetalneurotoxicity(神經毒性)oflithiumexposurefromdrinkingwaterthatneedstobefurtherinvestigated.”Forthislateststudy,researchersanalyzedlithiumlevelsfromabouthalfofthecountry’swatersupply.Whentheinvestigatorscomparedchildrenwithautismtothosewithoutthisdevelopmentaldisorder,theyfoundthatwhenlithiumlevelsincreased,sodidtheriskofautism.Kidsborntomomswholivedinareaswiththehighestlithiumlevelsinthewaterwere46%morelikelytobediagnosedwithautismthanthoseborninareaswiththelowestamountoflithiumindrinkingwater,thestudyshowed.Lithiumlevelsincreasedtheriskforalltypesofautisminthisstudy.Lithiumleachesintodrinkingwaterfromsoilandrocks,buttheselevelscouldriseinthefuturefromwasteinlithiumbatteries.Whilemoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthisassociation,Ritzsuggestedusingfilteredwaterandtestingitforlithiumlevelswhilepregnant.Bottledwaterisn’tnecessarilytheanswer.“Alotofbottledwaterisnottestedeither,”shesaid.“Somebottledwaterisjustfilledupfromregulardrinkingwatersources.”Dr.MaxWiznitzer,directoroftheRainbowAutismCenter,urgedcautionbeforejumpingtoconclusions,though.“It’saninterestingassociation,butcausationisdefinitelynotproven,”WiznitzertoldCNN.“Wehavetoseeifthere’saworkableandbiologicallyplausible(似乎合理的)mechanismbywhichasmallamountoflithiuminthewatersupplycansomehowdothis,yetpharmacologic(藥理學)dosingoflithiuminwomenwithbipolardisorderhasnotbeenreportedtobecausingincreasedriskofASD(AutismSpectrumDisorder).”32.WhatmightcausewomeninDenmarktohavekidswithautism?A.Lowerlevelsoflithiumintapwater. B.Higherlithiumlevelsindrinkingwater.C.Maternalprenatalexposuretoneurotoxicity. D.Naturallyoccurringdrinkingwatersources.33.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3toParagraph5?A.Theriskofautismdeclinedwithlithiumlevelsincreasing.B.Lithiumindrinkingwatermainlycamefromlithiumbatteries.C.Kidswere46%morelikelytobediagnosedwithautismthanmoms.D.Bottledwatercouldnotbealwayssafelyusedforitslackoffilteringandtesting.34.WhatisMaxWiznitzer’sattitudetowardsthefindings?A.Favourable. B.Shocked. C.Cautious. D.Indifferent.35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LithiuminWaterSupplyLinkedtoUptickinAutismRiskB.LithiuminDrinkingWaterDidHarmtoMentalHealthC.LithiuminDrinkingWaterDecreasedtheRiskofASDD.LithiuminWaterSupplyLinkedtotheChanceofPregnancy【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了飲用水里的鋰元素在一定程度上與自閉癥相關聯。〖答案〗32.B33.D34.C35.A32．〖解析〗細節理解題。根據第一段“TheirnewstudyfoundthatpregnantwomeninDenmarkwhosehouseholdtapwaterhadhigherlevelsoflithiumweremorelikelytohavekidswithautism,comparedtopregnantwomenlivinginareaswheretapwaterhadlowerlevelsofthiselement.(他們的新研究發現，與生活在自來水中鋰含量較低地區的孕婦相比，丹麥家庭自來水中鋰含量較高的孕婦更有可能生下患有自閉癥的孩子)”可知，飲用水中鋰含量較高可能導致丹麥女性生下患有自閉癥的孩子。故選B。33．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據第五段““Alotofbottledwaterisnottestedeither,”shesaid.“Somebottledwaterisjustfilledupfromregulardrinkingwatersources.”(“很多瓶裝水也沒有經過檢測，”她說。“一些瓶裝水只是從常規飲用水源中灌裝的。”)”可推知，由于缺乏過濾和檢測，瓶裝水不能總是安全使用。故選D。34．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Dr.MaxWiznitzer,directoroftheRainbowAutismCenter,urgedcautionbeforejumpingtoconclusions,though.“It’saninterestingassociation,butcausationisdefinitelynotproven,”WiznitzertoldCNN.(不過，彩虹自閉癥中心主任MaxWiznitzer博士敦促，在下結論之前要謹慎。“這是一個有趣的聯系，但因果關系絕對沒有得到證實，”維茨尼策告訴CNN)”可推知，MaxWiznitzer對這些發現的態度是謹慎的。故選C。35．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據第一段“There’snosingleknowncauseforautism(自閉癥),butresearchersnowpointthefingerathigherlithium(鋰)levelsindrinkingwater.TheirnewstudyfoundthatpregnantwomeninDenmarkwhosehouseholdtapwaterhadhigherlevelsoflithiumweremorelikelytohavekidswithautism,comparedtopregnantwomenlivinginareaswheretapwaterhadlowerlevelsofthiselement.(目前還沒有一個已知的自閉癥原因，但研究人員現在將矛頭指向飲用水中鋰含量過高。他們的新研究發現，與生活在自來水中鋰含量較低地區的孕婦相比，丹麥家庭自來水中鋰含量較高的孕婦更有可能生下患有自閉癥的孩子)”結合文章主要說明了飲用水中的鋰元素可能增加自閉癥的風險，A選項“供水中的鋰與自閉癥風險上升有關”最符合文章標題。故選A。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gettingolderinvolveschangesinallrealmsoflife,fromthephysicaltothemental,tothesocial,emotional,sexual,andmore.Ideally,you’llhavealreadybeenpracticinghealthyhabitsthroughoutyourlife.Butevenifyouhaven’t,it’snevertoolatetostarttakingactivestepstomaintainandevenimproveyourhealth.Adoptingevenafewofthehabitswillstartyouontherighttrack.____36____AccordingtoMedlinePlus,exercisingregularlycanimproveyourbalance,helpkeepyoumobile,improveyourmoodbyreducingfeelingsofanxietyanddepression,andcontributetobettercognitivefunctioning.____37____Anyexerciseatallisbetterthannone.CDCrecommends150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicactivityeachweek;youcanfurtherbreakthisdowninto30activeminutesadayforfivedaysaweek.Onearticlefoundthatparticipantswhoreportedhigherlevelsofsocialactivityweremorelikelytoexperiencemorepositivemoods,fewernegativefeelings,andhigherlevelsofphysicalactivity.Ifyoudon’tcurrentlyhaveanactivesociallife,lookforopportunitiestoreconnectwitholdfriendsormakenewones.____38____Regularcheckupswithyourdoctorareopportunitiestocatchproblemsearlyandtreatthembeforetheybecomebiggerproblems.Ifyouareexperiencingmemoryormobilityissues,orhavebeenrecentlyhospitalized,youmaywanttoscheduleanappointmentwithgeriatricians(老年病學專家).____39____Followinganinitialconsultation,theycanhelpyoucreateacareplantailoredtoyourneeds.Itmayseemlikeano-brainer,butitbearsrepeatingthatyoushouldalwaystakeanymedicationprescribedtoyouexactlyasdirectedbyyourdoctor.However,it’salsoworthdoingaperiodicmedicationreviewwithyourprimarycaredoctortodiscusswhetherallofyourprescriptionsarestillnecessary.____40____A.It’salsoanimportantpartofmanagingsomechronicdiseases.B.Theyspecializeinthecareandtreatmentofolderpeople.C.Keepinmindthatyourpharmacistisanotherresourceforinformation.D.Seekoutlike-mindedothersthatcorrespondstoaninterestofyours.E.Keepingphysicallyactivecanhelpreducemanyoftheeffectsofaging.F.Feelingconstantlyexhaustedordepressedisnotnormalatanyage.G.It’simportanttoknowwhat’snormalforyourbodyasyouage.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。隨著年齡的增大，我們該如何保持健康、幸福的生活狀態。第一段提出話題，后面四段提出具體的方法和建議。〖答案〗36.E37.A38.D39.B40.C36．〖解析〗分析設空，位于段首，應是本段的中心句，根據后文“AccordingtoMedlinePlus,exercisingregularlycanimproveyourbalance,helpkeepyoumobile,improveyourmoodbyreducingfeelingsofanxietyanddepression,andcontributetobettercognitivefunctioning.(根據MedlinePlus，定期鍛煉可以改善你的平衡，幫助你保持移動，通過減少焦慮和抑郁的感覺來改善你的情緒，并有助于更好的認知功能)”可知，本段主要講述了身體鍛煉來減少許多衰老的影響，所以E項“Keepingphysicallyacti