Classify:pathwayfreedomdarkestplaceunfairlockeverydayriversidenursedisagree合成詞(有兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞):轉(zhuǎn)化詞(將一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化成另一種詞性):派生詞(在詞根上加上前、后綴構(gòu)成另外一個詞):everydaypathwayriversideunfairdarkestdisagreefreedomlockplacenurse構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法：合成(Compounding)派生法（Derivation）【前綴/后綴】轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】{合成詞Compoundpain-killer＋＝止痛藥＋＝color-blind色盲＋＝sleep-walk夢游sleep-walker空調(diào)

血壓所得稅

信用卡中央銀行快餐solarsystemremotecontrol(3)v-ing+另一詞

washingmachinedrivinglicense(4)其他方式

by-producteditor-in-chief太陽系遙控洗衣機(jī)駕駛執(zhí)照副產(chǎn)品主編2.

合成形容詞

(1)過去分詞或帶ed詞尾的詞構(gòu)成。

absent-mindedgrey-haired(2)動詞的ing或另一詞構(gòu)成

long-sufferingfar-reaching心不在焉的頭發(fā)灰白的長期受苦的深遠(yuǎn)的(影響)3.合成動詞及合成副詞

overeatbaby-sitempty-handed

吃得太多看孩子

一無所獲的加前綴：

happy---

___happy

加后綴：

develop---

develop_______既加前綴又加后綴：

employ---____employ_______unmentunment派生詞（derivation）

派生法（Derivation）---詞綴法1.前綴:Pre-（前）Pre-reading,preview,prepayRe-(重新)Rewrite,reconsider,reusedis-（不）disagree,dislike,disappearin/im-（不）incorrect,impossiblemis–（錯誤或失當(dāng)）super-（超級）mini-（微小）misunderstand,misleadsupermarket,supermanminiskirt,minibusforetell,forecastpost–(之后)postwar,post-readingfore-(前，預(yù)先)semicircle,semi-finalsemi-(半，部分)antiwar,anti-Japanesewaranti-(阻止，抗)underground,under-developunder-（在……下，在……中）2.常見的后綴1).名詞后綴：-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ion請將以下單詞和上列相應(yīng)的后綴相連，組成新詞：work,educate,develop,visit,satisfy,teach,sail,ability,piano,art,child,act,brother,solute,conclude,move,possible-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ionteacher,workervisitor,sailoreducation,satisfactiondevelopment,movementability,possibilitypianist,artistchildhood,brotherhoodaction,solution,conclusion如：-ous-ful-able,-ible-ant,-ent-ary2）.形容詞后綴：3）.副詞性的詞綴：-ly-wardsquickly,softly,yearlybackwards,forwards轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）tasten.味道v.嘗起來{Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.record

n.記錄v.記錄{LiuXiangBrokethe100mHurdlesWorldRecord.Heliestorecordsomethingwhilereadingabook.correctcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反義獨(dú)立的詞根adj.殘疾的n.不可能的n.反義n.誤解詞根大學(xué)生詞根n.近義反義WordsBuildingcorrectn.反義獨(dú)立的詞根adj.殘疾的n.不可能的n.反義n.誤解詞根大學(xué)生詞根n.近義反義WordsBuildingcorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisable

disabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilityexpressioneducationwrongmistakenmistakeunderstandundergroundundergraduategraduategraduationunderwaysubwaysubtitlealwayssidewaysn教育

表達(dá)O獨(dú)立的rootadj殘疾的n不可能的OnSSn誤解root大學(xué)生rootn地下的地下通道地鐵副標(biāo)題總是misunderstand

縮寫和簡寫

:

縮寫和簡寫(也被稱為截斷法或縮短法)主要采取:“截頭”,“去尾”或者“既截頭又去尾”的方法生成新詞.telephone---phoneairplane—planelaboratory-labmathematics--mathadvertisement—adexamination--exam1.Hewasoneofthebest_______inyesterday’sfootballmatch.(play)2.Look!How_______Kateislaughing!(happy)3.Itsnowed_______lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.(heavy)4.Edisonwasagreat________.Duringhislifehehadmany__________.(invent)playershappilyheavilyinventorinventions

構(gòu)詞法精練Usetheappropriateformofthewordstofillintheblanks.按括號內(nèi)的要求改寫下列單詞:

rain(形容詞)________agree(反義)__________nation(形容詞)_______farm(人)__________recent(副詞)________friend(形容詞)________hope(形容詞)_______back(形容詞)_________visit(名詞)__________home(形容詞)________eight(序數(shù)詞)________true(名詞)___________America(形容詞)_______China(形容詞)________rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreighthAmericandisagreefarmerfriendlybackwardshomelesstruthChinese

foreigners

satisfactorysimplifyappearanceuncoveredoperationmusicianspoken

boilingkindness

expenses

business17.Theboynoticedan___________mistakeonhispaper,buthedecidednottosayanythingaboutit.(correct)18.WheninRome,doasthe________do.(Rome)19.Theteacherwaspleasedwithher_______.(honest)20.Themotherdidn’tknowwhyherdaughterwascrying_______.(noise)

uncorrectedRomanshonestynoisilyFillintheblankswithproperwords

Withthe(1)____________(develop)ofindustry,airpollutionisgettingmore(2)________moreserious.InBeijing,manypeoplesufferdifferentkindsofillnessesbecause(3)_______airpollution.Airpollutioniscaused(4)_____thefollowingreasons:abouthalfoftheproblemiscausedbyvehicles.Therearemoreandmorecars,busesontheroads,andtheygive(5)______poisonousgases.25%ofairpollutioniscausedbyfactories.Another(6)________(fact)isthesmokers.Smokingnotonlydoes(7)______totheirhealth(8)____alsotoothers.Besidesthese,about10%ofair(9)________iscausedbyotherreasons.Weshouldtakesomemeasurestofight(10)________pollution.Newfuelcanbeusedtoreplacegas.Wecanplantmoretrees.Ifeverybodyrealizestheimportanceofenvironmentanddoessomethingtostoptheproblemwillbesolved.developmentandofbyoutfactorharmbutpollutionagainst附：類比構(gòu)詞（Word-FormationbyAnalogy）類比構(gòu)詞是英語中一種有趣而又實(shí)用的構(gòu)詞方式。構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)是，以某個同類詞為模式，在語義上進(jìn)行聯(lián)想類比，替換其中某個詞素，構(gòu)造出與之對應(yīng)或類似的新詞來。例如：work-aholic（工作迷）系仿alcoholic（嗜酒者）而造seajack（海上劫持）和skyjack（空中劫持）則是類比hijack（攔路搶劫）hijacker（強(qiáng)盜）而成，故都屬類比詞。從原形詞與類比詞的聯(lián)系來看，英語類比構(gòu)詞大致可分以下三大類：

一.數(shù)字、色彩類比

數(shù)字類比，例如，美國總統(tǒng)夫人在英語中稱FirstLady（第一夫人），通過該詞美國人又聯(lián)想類比出FistFamily（第一家庭）。FirstMother（第一母親）等詞。就連總統(tǒng)的愛犬也身價倍增，獲得了FirstDog（第一狗）的殊榮，可謂一人得道，雞犬升天。色彩類比，例如，BlackPower（黑人權(quán)力）最初是美國黑人在爭取自身權(quán)力斗爭中提出的政治口號，后為美國其他少數(shù)種族所借用。為了反歧視爭平等。印第安人提出了RedPower，美籍墨西哥人也提出了BrownPower。另外，老年人為維護(hù)自身權(quán)益則提出GrayPower.美國英語中還因美元為綠色鈔票而類比出greenpower一詞，借指“金錢的力量”。greenpower雖與上述種種Power風(fēng)馬牛不相及，但同屬色彩類比，甚是有趣，亦含幽默。再看一例，較早出現(xiàn)的blue-collar（藍(lán)領(lǐng)階層的）和white-collar（白領(lǐng)階層的）分別指“體力工作者的”和“腦力工作者的”，稍后產(chǎn)生的pink-collar（粉領(lǐng)階層的）和gray-collar（灰領(lǐng)階層的），則分別指“典型女性職業(yè)工作者的”和“維修保養(yǎng)行業(yè)工作者的”。近年