Extendedreading—ReadingcomprehensionUnit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld

Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:1.understandthemainideaofeachparagraph;2.analyzethelanguageandrhetoricaldevicesusedinthislecturetranscript;3.writeasummaryofthislecturetranscript;4.explainthevalueofscience.CONTENTSPre-readingIWhile-readingIIPost-readingIIISentencesanalysisIVDoessciencealwaysmakegoodthingsforeverybody?chemistrybiochemistryinformationtechnologyScienceisadouble-edgedsword.Pre-readingAdvantages

Duetotheadvancesinmedicalscience,somedeadlydiseasescanbecuredbysomelife-savingmedicine,suchasqinghaosu,penicillinandsoon.

Militaryscienceisoftenmisusedinwars,whichcausecountlessdeathsandinjuries.Disadvantages

Theproductionofhybridricecaneasethehungerproblem.

TheinventionoftheInternetcanmakeourlivesmoreconvenient.

Beingsmartphoneaddictsisharmfultoourreallives.Industrializedsocietycandamagetheenvironment.Enjoyavideoabouttheauthor—RichardFeynmanNobelPrizewinnerMemberoftheManhattanProjectFeynmandiagramsInvestigatoroftheChallengerdisasterAnartloverRichardFeynmanBorn:11May1918,NewYork,USADied:15February1988?Nowwe’regoingtounderstandthevalueofscienceinascientist’seyes.1．Whattypeofwritingisthetext?A．Narrativewriting.

B．Argumentativewriting.C．Expositorywriting.D．Practicalwriting.2．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?Themainideaofthepassageis___________________.Activity1

Fast-readingforbasicinformation.While-reading√thevalueofscience3.Skimthetextandgetthemainideaofeachpart.Part1(Paras.1－2)：___________________.Part2(Paras.3－6)：___________________.Part3(Para.7)：___________________.IntroducingthetopicThevalueofscienceDutiesofscientists1．Howdidtheauthorintroducethetopic?A.

Byaskingaquestion.

B.

Bymakingacomparison.C.

Bygivinganexample.

D.

Byquotingafamoussaying.2．Whatmadetheauthorchangehisattitudetoscience'svalue?A．Hiscommonsense.

B．Hisresearchonscience.C．Hisknowledgeaboutscience.

D．Hisexperienceduringthewar.Introduction(Paras.1－2)IntroducingthetopicActivity2

Careful-readingfordetails√√3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoscienceduringthewar?A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Neutral. D．Indifferent.√BeforethewarAfterthewarMakinggoodthingsBeingusefulandgoodPuttingourfutureatriskSeriousanddestructiveresultsTheauthor’sinternalconfusion(Paras.1-2)AngelDevilWhatisthevalueofscience?1.Summarize3pointsofthevalueofscience.Para.3:Thefirstvalue:

Para.4:Anothervalue:Paras.5-6:Thethirdvalue:

Scientificknowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallthings.Itcanprovidetheintellectualenjoyment.Scientistsshouldhavethefreedomtodoubt.Mainbody(Paras.3－6)Thevalueofscience2.AccordingtoFeynman,whoshouldbeblamedifthepowerofscienceisusedtodosomethingbad?Itisnotthescience,butthemanmisusingitthatshouldbeblamed.3.Whatdothese“it”referto?

makinggoodthingsscientificknowledgeA.makinggoodthingsB.anenablingpowerC.scientificknowledgeD.thefirstway4.Whatdoesintellectualenjoymentinclude?Findoutwordsorphrasespositiveinmeaning.5.Whatdoes“theintellectualenjoyment”meanaccordingtoRichard?A．Scienceisgreatfunandpeopletakedelightinlearningscience.B．Scienceiscomplexandcanhelppeoplebecomeclever.C．Scienceisunlimitedandpeoplegetpleasurefrommakingconstantdiscoveries.D．Scienceisdevelopingandpeopleenjoytheever-changingscientificknowledge.√newstonerefersto______________________________“turnovereachnewstone”referstotheprocessof

______________________.

difficult/problem/confusion....discovery/explorationItisananalogy(類比).6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartreferto?7.Threestepsaboutscientists’figuringoutproblems.0102031._________(adj.)3.________(adj.)uncertainproblemideadoubtfulignorant2._________(adj.)resultNeverstopthefootstepstowardsthetruth.1.Whatarethedutiesofscientists??Todeclarethevalueofthefreedomtodoubt.?Toteachhowdoubtisnottobefearedbuttobewelcomedanddiscussed.?Todemandthisfreedomtoallcominggenerations.ParallelismParallelstructures:

usethesamepatternofwordsorsentences,theuseofwhichcanmakethelanguageverypowerfulandproducesignificanteffectsonthereaders.Conclusion(Para.7)2．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Everythinghastwosides.B．Allisprogressing.C．Authorityisscience.D．Sciencecanchangeeverything.√3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Tocomfortworriedpeople.B．Toshowtheauthor’sexcellenttalentstopeople.C．Torespectfamousscientists.D．Totellpeopletheimportanceofscience.√1．Feynmanbelievesthatofallscience’smanyvalues,thegreatestmustbethefreedomtodoubt.Howdoyouunderstandthis？(Criticalthinking)Doubtisthekeytoknowledge.

Weshouldn’ttakeanythingforgranted.Withdoubtandcuriosity,wekeepafreshmindtooursurroundings.Activity1

DiscussionPost-reading2．Howdoyouunderstandthefamoussaying,

“Scienceisadouble-edgedsword”?(Divergentthinking)Students’ownanswer.Whentheauthorwasyounger,hethoughtsciencewas1.___________(obvious)useful.Butduringthewar,itrepresentedthe2.___________(destroy)ofpeople.“Istheresomeevil3._________(involve)inscience？”Theauthoraskedhimself.Sciencehasmany4.______(value)．Thefirstway5._____whichscienceisofvalueisfamiliartous—6._________(enable)ustodoandmakeallkindsofthings.Anothervalueistheintellectualenjoymentitcanprovideuswith.Thethirdisthefreedomofdoubt,7.________isbornoutofadeepandstrongstruggleagainstauthority.Butscientiststake8.___forgrantedthatitisperfectlypossibletoliveandnotknow.9._________(teach)howdoubtisnottobefearedbuttobewelcomedanddiscussed，andtoensurethefreedomforallcominggenerationsarescientists'10.______________(responsible)．obviouslydestructioninvolvedvaluesinenablingwhichitToteachresponsibilitiesActivity2

Summary1．Putanotherway，whatisthevalueofthescienceIhadlongdevotedmyselfto—thethingIhadloved—whenIsawwhatterriblethingsitcoulddo?[句式分析]本句是_________句。句子主句是whatisthevalueofthescience...；句中when引導________從句，從句含有一個what引導的_____從句；句中Ihadlongdevotedmyselfto為省略了關系代詞__________的_____從句，修飾先行詞________；Ihadloved為省略了關系代詞__________的________從句，修飾先行詞______。名詞短語thethingIhadloved作名詞science的________。[自主翻譯]

SentencesAnalysis主從復合時間狀語賓語that/which定語sciencethat/which定語thing同位語換言之，在我發現科學可能造成的惡果之后，我一直投身其中的科學，我曾經的摯愛，價值何在？2．Ofcourse,ifwemakegoodthings,itisnotonlytothecreditofscience；itisalsotothecreditofthemoralchoicewhichledustogoodwork.[句式分析]本句是____________句。句中if引導___________從句；主句中包含了____________________結構；which引導_______從句，修飾先行詞________。[自主翻譯]

主從復合條件狀語notonly...(but)also...定語choice當然，如果我們做了好事，不僅歸功于科學，還歸功于引導我們行善的道德選擇。3．Whenhehasanideaastowhattheresultis,heisuncertain.[句式分析]本句是__________句。其中when引導__________從句，what引導的_______從句作介詞短語asto的_______。[自主翻譯]

主從復合時間狀語賓語賓語當他對于結果是什么有主意時，他是不確定的。4．Now,wescientiststakeitforgrantedthatitisperfectlypossibletoliveandnotknow.[句式分析]本句為____________句。句中第一個it作__________，that引