UNIT5課下題型練(一)Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.閱讀理解AOliviaRieswasjustsevenyearsoldwhensheandhereight-year-oldbrotherCarteradoptedacheetah(獵豹)inSouthAfrica.“WhenmysisterandIfirstlearnedbackin2009thatspecieslikethecheetahmaybeextinctinthewildbythetimewehavekids,itscaredus.Weknewwehadtodosomethingtohelpthem，”saysCarter.“Therearesomanypeople(youngandoldalike)whojustdon'tknowwhatishappeningtosomanyspecies,justlikewedidn't.OliviaandIwanttomakesurewereachasmanypeoplearoundtheworldaspossibleandhelpthemtounderstandhowseriousthesituationreallyis.”Todothat,thekidsstartedOneMoreGeneration(OMG),anorganizationwiththemotto：“Preservingendangeredspeciesforonemoregenerationandbeyond.”Now,tenyearslater,OliviaandCarterhavetraveledallovertheworldspreadingtheirmessage.They'vebeeninterviewedonnationaltelevision,participatedinmarchesandfundraisersandwonawardsfortheirwork.In2015,theywereinvitedtoVietnambytheUnitedStatesEmbassytoparticipateinaprogramtosaverhinos.Allthatthey'veaccomplishedforanimalsandtheenvironmentismuchtoolongtolist!“Ournumberonemessagetoeveryonewemeetis‘Remember,anyonecanmakeadifference...ifwecan,youcantoo，’”saysOlivia,“WewantallpeopletounderstandthatwhatCarterandIaredoingisnotnecessarilysomethingspecial;itissomethingthatweallshouldbedoing.Youcanstartsmallbysimplyadoptingananimal.Dosomeresearchonthespeciesyouareinterestedin,andfindagoodorganizationofferingadoptions.MybrotherandItakeourbirthdaymoneyandallowancemoneyandadoptanimalsallthetime.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Carter和OliviaRies兄妹在了解到獵豹即將滅絕的事實后，通過自己的方式成立組織來號召所有人關心瀕危動物。1．HowdidOliviaandCarterfeelwhenlearningcheetahsfacedextinction?A．Angryandguilty.B．Shockedandconcerned.C．Anxiousandhelpless.D．Hopefulanddetermined.解析：選B細節理解題。根據第二段第一句和最后一句可知，當Olivia和Carter知道獵豹可能會滅絕時，他們很震驚，也很擔心，想要盡自己的力量來幫助它們，故選B項(震驚和擔心)。2．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellaboutOliviaandCarter?A．Theyorganizedactivitiestoraisemoney.B．Theytookmeasurestosaverhinos.C．Theymadeeffortstolistextinctspecies.D．Theycontributedalottodyingspecies.解析：選D段落大意題。根據第四段的主要內容，尤其是最后一句Allthatthey'veaccomplishedforanimalsandtheenvironmentismuchtoolongtolist！可知，本段主要講述了Olivia和Carter為瀕危動物和環境做了很多事情。D項(他們為瀕臨滅絕的物種做出了很大貢獻)符合以上說法。3．WhatdoOlivia'swordssuggest?A．Anyonecanhelpbystartingsmall.B．Anyonecandosomethingspecial.C．Anyoneshoulddoresearchonspecies.D．Anyoneshoulddonatetoadoptionorganizations.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Ournumberonemessagetoeveryonewemeetis‘Remember,anyonecanmakeadifference...ifwecan,youcantoo，’”和Youcanstartsmallbysimplyadoptingananimal.Dosomeresearchonthespeciesyouareinterestedin,andfindagoodorganizationofferingadoptions.可推測，Olivia說這些話的意思是“任何人都可以從小事情做起來幫助瀕危動物”，故選A項。4．Ifyou'retoofferOliviaagift,whichmightsheexpectmost?A．Adoptingapandainnameofbothherandme.BMakingherafurrydogwithmyownhands.C．Buyingheradollofthelateststyle.D．Mailingherahandmadepostcard.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據最后一段中最后一句MybrotherandItakeourbirthdaymoneyandallowancemoneyandadoptanimalsallthetime.可知，Olivia和她的哥哥用他們生日的錢和零花錢一直在收養動物，故推測她期待的禮物是收養一只小動物。A項(以她和我的名義收養一只熊貓)符合以上推測。BGuamisabeautiful,smallislandinthePacificOcean.You'llfindhappysongbirds,clearbluewater,andleafyforestthere.Butthesmallislandhasabigproblem：snakes.Thereareabout2millionbrowntreesnakeslivinginGuam.Thesnakeslikelyarrivedinthe1940s.Theyprobablyslipped(滑行)unseenontoshipsandplanesheadingtoGuam.Oncethere,thesnakeslaideggs.Snakefamiliesgrew.ThesnakeshavenonaturalenemiestoeatthemonGuam.Soon,theislandwascoveredwiththesesnakes.Thebrowntreesnakehashadadevastatingeffect.Thesnakeseatbirds.Thereusedtobe12kindsofbirdsontheisland.Butthesesnakeshavekilledoffninekindsofthebirds.Thesnakescangrowtobe10feetlong.Theyoftenbitehumans.Theyclimbontopowerlinesandmaketheelectricitygoout.Thiscausesmillionsofdollarsindamage.Scientistshavetriedmanydifferentwaystocontrolthenumberofsnakes.Theyhaveusedsnaketrapsandsnake-sniffingdogs.Nothingseemedtowork.Nothing,thatis,untiltheyfoundasurprisingsecretweapon：killermice.Scientistsfoundoutthatthereisoneeasywaytokillbrowntreesnakes.TheycouldgivethemamedicinecalledTylenol.PeopletakeTylenolforheadachesandotherpains.EvenalittlebitofTylenolcankillabrowntreesnake.ButhowwouldscientistsgetthetreesnakestoeatTylenol?Theycameupwithaplan.First,theexpertsputthemedicineintodeadmice.Thentheyattachedeachmousetoaminipaperparachute(降落傘)．PlanesdroppedthemiceoverGuam.Theparachutesgotcaughtinthetrees.Themicebecamedinnerforthesnakesthatlivethere.Hasitworked?Sofar,researchshowsthattherearefewersnakesbecauseofthemice.Theworryisthatitmaybetoolatetoclearthesnakes,butMrVicefromGuam'sDepartmentofAgriculturesaysthisshouldnotstoptheislandersfromtrying.“Ourlong-termgoalistokillthesnakeoffcompletely，”hesays.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Guam島是一個美麗的地方，但是有一個很大的問題——到處是棕樹蛇。殺死棕樹蛇一個有效的方法是讓它們吃攜帶Tylenol的老鼠。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthebrowntreesnakes?A．TheywereshippedtoGuamonpurpose.B．TheywerenotnativetoGuam.C．Theywereatriskinthe1940s.D．Theygrewveryslowly.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據第二段前兩句可知，蛇可能是在20世紀40年代出現的。它們可能趁人不注意溜上了前往Guam島的船只和飛機。由此推斷出，棕樹蛇不是Guam島的本地物種。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastating”inParagraph3mean?A．Magical. B．Interesting.C．Short-term. D．Damaging.解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據后文可知，棕樹蛇吃鳥，島上曾經有12種鳥類，但是這些蛇已經殺死了九種鳥類。蛇可以長到10英尺長，它們經常咬人。它們爬上電線，讓電力供應中斷，這造成了數百萬美元的損失。以上說明了這種蛇的危害性很大。由此可以推斷出畫線詞devastating意思是“有破壞性的”。故選D項。7．Whatwasamoreworkablewaytokillthebrowntreesnakes?A．Usingsnaketraps.B．PuttingTylenolinthetrees.C．Bringingintheirenemies.D．LettingthemeatTylenolcarriedbymice.解析：選D細節理解題。根據第四至六段內容可知，殺死棕樹蛇的一個有效方法是讓它們吃攜帶Tylenol的老鼠。8．WhatdoesMrVicethinkofsolvingthissnakeproblem?A．Heisproudofit.B．Heishopefulofit.C．Heisdoubtfulaboutit.D．Heisunconcernedaboutit.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Guam島農業部的Vice先生說：“這不應該阻止島民的嘗試。我們的長期目標是徹底消滅蛇?！笨赏茢喑?，Vice先生對解決蛇的問題滿懷希望。CAsmallinsectisgettingalotofattentionintheUnitedStates.Therustypatchedbumblebee(大黃蜂)isthefirstofitsspeciestobedeclaredendangeredinthelower48states—meaningeverystateexceptAlaskaandHawaii.Therustypatchedbumblebeeisnamedforarust-coloredlineonitsback.TheUSFishandWildlifeServiceannouncedthismonthitwasaddingthebeetoitsendangeredspecieslist.Theinsectsare“onthebrinkofextinction”，accordingtotheservice.Itsaidthebeeswereoncefoundin28states.Buttherenowareonlysmallpopulationsremainingin13states.Thegovernmentagencywillmakeaplantohelpthedyingbeesrecover.Theagencysaidthatsuchaplanmighthelpotherinsects,likebutterflies.USofficialsthinklandownerscantakesmallstepstohelptherustypatchedbumblebee.Theysaylandownerscanbefriendliertowardsbeesbyusingnativeplantsintheirgardens.Theinsectsdirectlyfertilizemanykindsoffruitandvegetablecrops.Andtheyfertilizegraincropsusedtofeedcattleandmilkcows.Itcostsbillionsofdollarstoduplicatethejobthebeesdoforfree.Landownersarealsobeingurgedtocutbackontheiruseofpesticideproducts.Theofficialsalsosuggestthatgardenersleavetheirplantsaloneattheendofthesummerinsteadofcuttingthem.Thatway,thebeeswillhaveaplacetoliveoverthewinter.TheFishandWildlifeServicesaystherustypatchedbumblebeewasaddedtotheendangeredspecieslistpartlybecauseofhabitatloss.Otherreasonsweredisease,pesticidesandclimatechange.Officialsareworriedthatotherbeeswillsuffer,too.AnotherspeciesofbeesinHawaiiisalsoendangered.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在美國瀕臨滅絕的銹跡大黃蜂的相關信息。9．Howmanystatesdeclaredtherustypatchedbumblebeeendangered?A．13. B．28.C．48.D．50.解析：選C細節理解題。根據第一段中Therustypatchedbumblebee(大黃蜂)isthefirstofitsspeciestobedeclaredendangeredinthelower48states—meaningeverystateexceptAlaskaandHawaii.可知，銹跡大黃蜂是48個州中第一個被宣布瀕臨滅絕的物種，這意味著除了阿拉斯加和夏威夷以外的每一個州都是如此。由此可知，有48個州宣布銹跡大黃蜂瀕臨滅絕。10．Whichoneisharmfultotherustypatchedbumblebee?A．Plantingnativeplants.B．Reducingtheuseofpesticideproducts.C．Leavingplantsalone.D．Cuttingoutplantsregularly.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據第三段中最后一句Theofficialsalsosuggestthatgardenersleavetheirplantsaloneattheendofthesummerinsteadofcuttingthem.Thatway,thebeeswillhaveaplacetoliveoverthewinter.可知，官員們還建議園丁們在夏末的時候不要去修剪植物，而是讓它們自己生長。這樣，蜜蜂就有地方過冬了。由此可以推斷出，定期剪植物對銹跡大黃蜂是有害的。11．Whatcanweknowabouttherustypatchedbumblebeeaccordingtothetext?A．Allthestatesdeclareditasendangeredspecies.B．Itisnamedforarust-coloredlineonitsbelly.C．Itisbeneficialtolandowners.D．Itisendangeredmainlybecauseofhabitatloss.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據第三段中Theinsectsdirectlyfertilizemanykindsoffruitandvegetablecrops.Andtheyfertilizegraincropsusedtofeedcattleandmilkcows.Itcostsbillionsofdollarstoduplicatethejobthebeesdoforfree.可知，這些昆蟲直接給許多水果和蔬菜作物施肥，它們還為喂牛和奶牛的谷物施肥，而復制蜜蜂做的這些免費的工作要花費數十億美元。由此推知，銹跡大黃蜂對土地的主人是有益的。12．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．BumblebeeAddedtoUSEndangeredSpeciesListB．WhyIsBumblebeeontheBrinkofExtinctionC．TakeStepstoHelpBumblebeeD．TheBenefitsofProtectingBumblebee解析：選A標題歸納題。根據最后一段第一句TheFishandWildlifeServicesaystherustypatchedbumblebeewasaddedtotheendangeredspecieslistpartlybecauseofhabitatloss.可知，魚類和野生動物管理局說銹跡大黃蜂被列入瀕危物種名單，部分原因是棲息地喪失。由此可知，A項(大黃蜂加入了美國瀕危物種名單)適合作本文標題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Ifyourfamilyisthinkingofgettingapet,consideradoptingfromananimalshelter,whereallanimalsareinneedoflovinghomes.1Herearesometipsforyoutofindgreatanimals.Makesomedecisions.Thinkaboutwhatyouwantinapetandrememberthatallpetshavedifferentpersonalities.Catstendtobemoreindependent,butkittensneedlotsofattention.2However,theyareusuallygreatcompanionsandlovetospendtimewiththeirfamily.Visittheshelter.3Rememberthatyoumayneedtovisitmorethanoneshelter,oryoumayneedtomakemorethanonevisit.Trytobringalongeveryonewhowillbelivingwiththenewpet.Asktheshelterstafflotsofquestions.Andneveradoptananimalbecauseyoufeelsorryforit—bepatientsoyoucanfindapetwhoistrulyagoodmatchforyourfamily.4Buyallnecessarysuppliesandfoodwellbeforetheanimalcomeshome.Makesurethattheentirehouseholdisinagreementaboutrulesandresponsibilities—willthedogbeallowedonthecouch?Whowillcleanthelitter-box?Putitinwritingbeforethepetarrives.Bringyournewfriendhome!You'llprobablybeexcitedw