2024中考英語沖刺專題學案四：代詞考點突破代詞是為了避免重復而用來代替名詞的詞。英語中代詞分為：人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞，指示代詞，不定代詞，疑問代詞，連接代詞和關系代詞。多數代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。考點一人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞【用法總結】人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞一覽表代詞單/復數主格賓格物主代詞反身代詞形容詞名詞第一人稱（我）單數Imemyminemyself復數weusouroursourselves第二人稱（你）單數youyouyouryoursyourself復數youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱（女她）單數sheherherhersherself復數theythemtheirtheirsthemselves第三人稱（男他）單數hehimhishishimself復數theythemtheirtheirsthemselves第三人稱（動物它）單數itititsitsitself復數theythemtheirtheirsthemselves人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞的用法人稱代詞：主格：在句中作主語賓格：在句中作動詞或介詞的賓語，有時作表語物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞：作定語，后面需要加名詞名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞，其后不再加名詞反身代詞：常用作賓語或同位語常見搭配：enjoyoneself玩得開心，teachoneself自學，helponeselfto...隨便用/吃……，keep...tooneself保密【專題專練】1. MysisterandIhavedifferentcups.Thewhitecupis_______andthepinkoneishers.(my)2. There'snoemptytable.Wouldyoupleaseshare________withme?(you)3. Manypeoplefindthatlisteningtosoftmusichelps_________tosleepwell.(they)4. Don'tshaketheyoungtree.________leavesarefallingoff.Youshouldlookafter_______.(it)5. Theboystartedtoliveinschoolandlearntomanagetimeby________.(he)6. Ifwekeepalltheproblemsto______,wewillfeelworseandthatwillbebadforourhealth.(we)【參考答案】1.mine 2.yours 3.themselves 4.its/it 5.himself 6.ourselves考點二不定代詞【用法總結】1. 初中常見不定代詞及常考用法辨析(1) 常見不定代詞：some,any,(a)few,(a)little,many,much,each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,other, theother,others,theothers,another。(2) 常考用法辨析both,all,either,neither,none①both表示“兩者都”，常見搭配both…and…，作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式；②all表示“三者及三者以上都”；③none表示“三者及三者以上都不”；④either表示“兩者中任一”；⑤neither表示“兩者都不”(either...or...,neither...nor...連接并列主語時，遵循“就近一致”原則)other,theother,others,theothers,another①other常與可數名詞復數連用，其復數形式為others；②theother表示“兩者中的另一個”，常用于“one...，andtheother...”；theother+名詞復數=theothers, 表示“其余的全部”；③another指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一個”2. 初中階段常見的復合不定代詞及用法(1)復合不定代詞：somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,someone,anyone,noone,everyone,something, anything,nothing,everything。(2)用法：①復合不定代詞作主語時，其謂語動詞用單數形式。②當形容詞或else修飾復合不定代詞時，要置于復合不定代詞后。【專題專練】從下列代詞中選擇適當的代詞填空。both,neither,other,none,anything,nobody,either,something1. Youhavejustreadthisnewspaper.Didyoufind__________interestinginit?2. __________wasbornbeinggoodatallthings.AsanEnglishlearner,youwon'tbeexcellentwithoutenough practice.3. Haveyougotanythingtodothisafternoon,LucyandTom?Yes.__________ofusaregoingtothehomefortheelderly.4. Haveyoureadthroughthetwobookshelentyoulastweek?No,__________ofthemiseasytoread.5. Thereis__________wrongwithyourputer.You'dbetterhaveitrepairedassoonaspossible.6. WehavetwoEnglishteachershere.OneisfromEngland,andthe__________isfromAmerica.7. Allthevolunteerswereverytired,but__________ofthemhadarest.Theyweretryingtheirbesttohelp thoseinneed.8. CanIparkmycarhere?Yes,youcanparkon__________sideofthestreet.【參考答案】1.anything 2.Nobody 3.Both 4.neither 5.something6.other 7.none 8.either考點三指示代詞和疑問代詞【用法總結】1. 指示代詞的用法1) this(這個)和these(這些)指近處，that(那個)和those(那些)指遠處2) that可以指代物，但不能指代人。打時，this指自己，that指對方【小貼士】it，one，that作代詞時的區別：(1)it指同類同物，即用來指上文提及的同一個事物或前面提及的情況；(2)one指同類異物，即用來避免重復可數名詞單數。它既可指代人，也可指代物，其復數形式為ones；(3)that指代前面提到過的名詞，以避免重復，復數形式是those。2. 疑問代詞的用法Who：“誰(主格)”，用于詢問人，在句中作主語賓語或表語Whom：“誰(賓格)”，用于詢問人，在句中作賓語Whose：“誰的”，用于詢問所屬關系，在句中作定語、主語、賓語或表語What：“什么”，用于詢問事件、物品、職業等，在句中作主語、表語、賓語或定語Which：“哪一個”，指在一定范圍內的人或物,在句中作主語、定語或賓語【考點跟蹤練習】I. 用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。1. Thegirlinfrontofthecaris_________cousin,andsheteaches___________Englishnowinourschool.(I)2. Thesetwoboysenjoyreading.Theyaretalkingabout___________(they)favoritewriters.3. Everyoneinourclass___________(study)hardeveryday.4. Whenwemeetwithdifficulties,weshouldkeepworkinghardandbelievein___________(we).5. Therearesomegiftsonthesofa.Theyellowgiftsare___________(you)andthered___________(one) belongtoJohn.II. 選擇適當的詞并使用其正確形式填空。nobody,which,anything,both,one,something,it,neither,other,either1. Myputerdoesn’twork.Theremushbe____________wrongwithit.2. Ifound___________intheroom.Wherehavetheygone?They'vegonetoDave'sbirthdayparty.3. HowcanwegotothelibrarythisSunday,bybikeoronfoot?___________isOK.It'suptoyou.4. Didyoudo___________funonyourvacation,Lara?Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.5. Andifitworks,theideacouldspreadto___________partsofthecountry.6. ___________myparentshadagreatinfluenceonmychoiceofwork.7. Mr.Millerfinds___________reallydifficulttolearnChinesewellinashorttime.8. Ihaven'tbeentoNewYorkbeforeand___________hasJane.9. And,beforeIfinish,letmejustgiveyousomeadvice___________couldmakeyourstaymoreenjoyable.