EnglishModule3KeySentencePatternsTranslation目錄OverviewofKeySentencePatternsinEnglishModule3KeypresencestructuretranslationskillsKeypresencepatternsapplicationscenarios目錄AnalysisofCommonErrorsinKeySentencePatternsTranslationPracticeofKeySentencePatterns01OverviewofKeySentencePatternsinEnglishModule3Pattern1:SimplePresentTenseUsedtoexpresshats,generaltruths,andactionsthatoccurregularlyKeySentencesExample:"Ieatbreakfasteverymorning."Pattern2:SimplePastTenseUsedtodescribeactionsthatoccurredinthepastKeySentencesExample:"Lastweek,Ivisitedmygrandparents."KeySentencesPattern3:SimpleFutureTenseUsedtoexpressactionsthatwilloccurinthefutureExample:"Nextmonth,IwilltraveltoEurope."KeySentences0102KeySentencePatternsinActionUsedtodescribeanactionthatiscurrentlyhappeningPattern4:PresentContinuousTenseExample:"Sheiswritingaletter."Pattern5:PastContinuousTenseUsedtoshowanactionhappeningatthesametimeinthepastKeySentencePatternsinActionExample:"WhileIwaswatchingTV,myphonerang."Pattern6:FutureContinuousTenseUsedtoexpressanactionthatwillbeongoinginthefutureExample:"Nextyear,wewillbecelebratingouranniversary."01020304KeySentencePatternsinActionPattern7:ConditionsUsedtoexpressaconditionorasituationthatwouldleadtoaspecificoutcomeKeySentencePatternsinContextExample:"IfIstudyhard,Iwillpasstheexam."KeySentencePatternsinContextPattern8:ComparisonsUsedtocomparetwoormorethingsorsituationsExample:"Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone."KeySentencePatternsinContextPattern9:CauseandEffectUsedtoexpressacauseanditseffectExample:"Theheavyraincausedtherivertoflood."KeySentencePatternsinContext02KeypresencestructuretranslationskillsLiteraltranslation01Preservethesentencestructureandexpressionoftheoriginaltext,andconveythemeaningoftheoriginaltextasaccuratelyaspossible.Wordbywordtranslation02Translateeachwordoftheoriginaltextintothetargetlanguagewithoutchangingthegrammarandsentencestructureoftheoriginaltext.Keeptheoriginalwordorder03Keeptheoriginalwordorderunchangedandtranslateitdirectlyintothetargetlanguage.LiteraltranslationtechniquesFreetranslationNotlimitedtotheformandstructureoftheoriginaltext,focusingonconveyingthedeepmeaningandartisticconceptionoftheoriginaltext.AdditionaltranslationmethodAddsomewordsorphrasesappropriatelyduringthetranslationprocesstomakethetranslationmorefluentandnatural.SubtractionmethodInthetranslationprocess,somewordsorphrasesareappropriatelyomittedtomakethetranslationmoreconciseandclear.FreetranslationtechniquesTransliteration:Expressingthepronunciationoftheoriginaltextinthetargetlanguage,whilepreservingtheoriginal'sphoneticsandrhythm.Borrowingwords:borrowingexistingvocabularyfromthetargetlanguagetoexpressthemeaningoftheoriginaltext,inordertomakethetranslationmoreauthentic.Halftonetranslationandhalffreetranslation:transliteratingapartoftheoriginaltextwhiletranslatinganotherparttoachievetheeffectofpreservingtheoriginalmeaningandsound.Translationskills03Keypresencepatternsapplicationscenarios"It'sapleasureto..."-UsedwhenexpressinggrammarorrecommendationPattern1"I'msorry,but..."-UsedtoexpresspathologiesorexceptionsPattern2"Iwouldliketo..."-UsedtoexpresspreferencesorrequestsPattern3"DoyoumindifI...?"-Usedtoaskforpermissionortoinquireaboutsomeone'spreferencesPattern4DailylifescenesPattern5Pattern6Pattern7Pattern8Workscenario01020304"Iwillensurethat..."-Usedtomakepromisesorcommitments"Couldyoupleaseprovidemewith..."-Usedtorequestinformationorassistance"Iamresponsiblefor..."-Usedtoindicateareaofresponsibility"Asperyourrequest,wewill..."-UsedtoconfirmreceiptandactiononrequestsPattern9Pattern10Pattern11Pattern12Learningscenarios"Ihaveaquestionabout..."-Usedtoposequestionsorseekclarification"Iunderstand,butIdon'tagreewith..."-Usedtoexpressdisagreementorobjection"Couldyouexplainhowto..."-Usedtoseekexplanationsorinstructions"Isuggestthatwe..."-Usedtoproposesolutionsorsuggestions04AnalysisofCommonErrorsinKeySentencePatterns要點三SubjectverbagreementFailuretomaintainagreementbetweenthesubjectandverb,suchas"Thebookisontheshelf."要點一要點二VerbtenseIncorrectuseoftense,suchas"Ieatasandwichyesterday."MistakesinjunctionMissingorextracommons,colors,orsemiconons,suchas"Iwettothestore,Ibounceanapple."(Correct:"Iwettothestore.Ibounceanapple.")要點三Grammarerror

ImprovevocalselectionWrongsyntaxUsingawordthathasadifferentmeaningorannotation,suchas"Iamangryathim."(Correct:"Iammadathim.")VocabularymismatchUsingawordthatdoesnotfitthecontextorregister,suchas"Ihaveacrushonhim."HomonymsConfusingwordsthatsoundlikebuthavedifferentmeanings,suchas"Sheborethebaby."(Correct:"Shebornthebaby.")IdiomaticexpressionsUsingaliteraltranslationofanidiomaticexpressionthatdoesnotmakesenseinthetargetlanguage,suchas"Sheisarealbrownnose."Literaltranslationofmethodologyorfamiliesthatdonottranslatewell,soas"Heisasstrongasanox."(Correct:"Heisasstrongasagorilla.")Failuretotranslateculturalreferencesthatareunknowninthetargetlanguage,suchas"HeisaYankeesfan."MethodologyandfamiliesCulturalreferencesTranslationerrorscausedbyculturaldifferences05TranslationPracticeofKeySentencePatternsSinglepresencetranslationexercise"Sheisnotinterestedinpolitics."Translatethefollowingpr…"Thecompanyhasseenasignificantincreaseinsalesthisyear."Translatethefollowingat…"Heisconsideringbuyinganewcar."Translatethefollowingat…TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromEnglishtoChinese"Theteamhasbeenworkinghardtocompletetheprojectontime.However,duetosomeunexpecteddelays,theyarenowbehindschedule.Theyareconfidentthattheycancatchupandcompletetheprojectasplanned."