朽木易折，金石可鏤。千里之行，始于足下。PAGE第頁/共頁青島大學2009年碩士研究生入學考試試題科目代碼：214科目名稱：英語(外)（共10頁）請考生寫明題號，將答案所有答在答題紙上，答在試卷上無效I.Vocabularyandstructure(30%)Directions:Thereare15incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarked(A),(B),(C)and(D).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.1.Sometimes,veryyoungchildrenhavetrouble_______factfromfictionandmaybelievethatsuchthingsactuallyexist.

A)forseparatingB)toseparate.

C)havingseparatedD)separating2.Thesecondbookwas_______byAugust1952,buttwoyearslater,theendwasstillnowhereinsight.

A)completedB)tohavecompleted

C)tocompleteD)tohavebeencompleted3.Whateverthecauses,Englishattheendofthe20thcenturyismorewidelyspokenandwrittenthananyotherlanguage_______.

A)everwasB)hadeverbeen

C)haseverbeenD)wouldeverbe4.Inthisexperiment,theyarewakenedseveraltimesduringthenightandaskedtoreportwhatthey_______.

A)hadjustbeendreamingB)havejustbeendreaming

C)arejustdreamingD)hadjustdreamt5.Itisoftheutmostimportancethatyou_______hereontime.

A)beB)shallbeC)aretobeD)mustbe6.Hemighthavebeenkilled_______thearrivalofthepolice.

A)exceptforB)butforC)withD)for7.Thesefiguresarenotconsistent_______theresultsobtainedinpreviousexperiments.

A)toB)withB)forD)in8.Theanimalhasabrainwhichisnearest_______.

A)inman'ssizeB)insizetoman

C)insizetoman'sD)tothesizeinman9.Theproblemof_______toselectashissuccessorwasquicklydisposedof.

A)whatB)whomC)whichD)how10.Britain'spressisunusual_______itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper:thequalitypressandthepopularpress.

A)inhowB)inwhatC)inwhichD)inthat11.Somecompanieshaveintroducedflexibleworkingtimewithlessemphasisonpressure_______.

A)thanmoreonefficiencyB)andmoreefficiency

C)andmoreonefficiencyD)thanefficiency12.Heoftensatinasmallbardrinkingconsiderablemorethan_______.

A)hewasingoodhealthB)hishealthwasgood

C)hisgoodhealthD)wasgoodforhishealth13.Allthepartsofthiswashingmachineare_______,sothatitisveryconvenienttoreplacethem.

A)normalizedB)modernizedC)mechanizedD)standardized14.Iwas_______bytheirkindnessandmovedtotears.

A)preoccupiedB)embarrassedC)overwhelmedD)counseled15.Inmanyculturespeoplewhowerethoughttohavetheabilityto_______dreamswerelikelytobehighlyrespected.

A)interpretB)interveneC)inheritD)impart16.Thepersonwho_______thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.

A)originatedB)manufacturedC)generatedD)estimated17.Allstudentsinthisuniversityarerequestedto_______withtheregulations.

A)yieldB)complyC)submitD)consent18.Mybosshasalwaysattendedtothe_______ofimportantbusinesshimself.

A)transactionB)stimulationC)transitionD)solution19.Whenheappliedfora_______intheofficeofthelocalnewspaperhewastoldtoseethemanager.

A)locationB)professionC)careerD)position20.Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whereasthebehaviorofananimaldependsmainlyon_______.

A)consciousnessB)impulseC)instinctD)response21.There'sawhole_______ofbillswaitingtobepaid.

A)stockB)stackC)numberD)sequence22.Tobeaninventor,oneneedsprofoundknowledgeaswellasavery_______imagination.

A)vividB)brightC)livingD)colorful23.InScotland,asintherestoftheUnitedKingdom_______schoolingbeginsatage5andendsatage16.

A)compellingB)forcedC)obligedD)compulsory24.Itisacommonthemeinmanyfictionstoriesthattheworldmayonedaybe_______byinsects.

A)brokeninB)runoverC)takenoverD)filledin25.Alargepartofhumanactivity,particularlyinrelationtotheenvironment,is_______conditionsorevents.

A)inresponsetoB)infavourof

C)incontrasttoD)inexcessof26.Davidlikescountrylifeandhaddecidedto_______farming.

A)getalongwithB)getbackon

C)setholdofD)goinfor27.Weare_______facedwiththenecessityrecognizethatmorepeopleimpliesalowerstandardofliving.

A)readilyB)smoothlyC)inevitablyD)deliberately28.Somepeoplecriticizefamilydoctorsfor_______toomanymedicinesforminorillnesses.

A)prescribingB)orderingC)advisingD)delivering29.Communicationistheprocessof_______amessagefromasourcetoanaudienceviaachannel.

A)transmittingB)submittingC)transformingD)switching30.Dogsareoftenpraisedfortheir_______;theyalmostneverabandontheirmasters.

A)faithB)loyaltyC)trustD)truthfulnessII.Cloze(10%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked(A),(B),(C)and(D)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Mostchildrenwithhealthyappetitesarereadytoeatalmostanythingthatisofferedthemandachildrarelydislikesfood

31

itisbadlycooked.The

32

amealiscookedandservedismostimportantandan

33

servedmealwilloftenimproveachild'sappetite.Neverask

achild

34

helikesordislikesafoodandnever

35

likesanddislikesinfrontofhimorallow

36

elsetodo

so.Ifthefathersayshehatesfatmeatorthemother

37

vegetablesinthechild'shearingheis

38

tocopythisprocedure.Takeit

39

grantedthathelikeseverythingandheprobably

40

.Nothinghealthfulshouldbeomittedfromthemealbecauseofa

41

dislike.Atmealtimesitisagood

42

giveachildasmallportionandlethim

43

backforasecondhelpingratherthangivehimas

44

asheislikelytoeatallatonce.Denottalktoomuchtothechild

45

mealtimes,butlethimget

onwithhisfood,anddonot

46

himtoleavethetableimmediatelyafteramealorhewill

47

learntoswallowhisfood

48

hecanhurrybacktohistoys.Under

49circumstancesmustachildbecoaxed50

forcedtoeat.

31.A)if

B)until

C)that

D)unless

32.A)procedure

B)process

C)way

D)method

33.A)adequately

B)attractively C)urgently

D)eagerly

34.A)whether

B)what

C)that

D)which

35.A)remark

B)tell

C)discuss

D)argue

36.A)everybody

B)anybody

C)somebody

D)nobody

37.A)opposes

B)denies

C)refuses

D)offends

38.A)willing

B)possible

C)obliged

D)likely

39.A)with

B)as

C)over

D)for

40.A)should

B)may

C)will

D)must

41.A)supposed

B)proved

C)considered D)related

42.A)point

B)custom

C)idea

D)plan

43.A)ask

B)come

C)return

D)take

44.A)much

B)little

C)few

D)many

45.A)on

B)over

C)by

D)during

46.A)agree

B)allow

C)force

D)persuade

47.A)hurriedly

B)soon

C)fast

D)slowly

48.A)so

B)until

C)lest

D)although

49.A)some

B)any

C)such

D)no

50.A)or

B)nor

C)but

D)neitherIII.ReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Thereare3passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked(A),(B),(C)and(D).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitive(認知的)areassuchasattentionandmemory.Thisistrueregardlessofage.

Peoplewillbealert(警覺的)andreceptive(采納能力強的)iftheyarefacedwithinformationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.Andsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactivemind.

Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallengingthebrainthattheyareputtingthetheorytoworkintheirownlives."Theideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizeenormousamountsofinformation,"saysJamesFozard,associatedirectoroftheNationalInstituteonAging."Mostofusdon'tneedthatkindofskill.Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomaintainmentalalertness."Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskills,bothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.

GeneCohen,actingdirectorofthesameinstitute,suggeststhatpeopleintheiroldageshouldengageinmentalandphysicalactivitiesindividuallyaswellasingroups.Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweage,butolderpeopleneedtokeepmentallyactiveaswell.Thosewhodoaremorelikelytomaintaintheirintellectualabilitiesandtobegenerallyhappierandbetteradjusted."Thepointis,youneedtodoboth."Cohensays,”Intellectualactivityactuallyinfluencesbrain-cellhealthandsize."

51.Peoplewhoarecognitivelyhealthyarethose_______.

A)whocanrememberlargeamountsofinformation

B)whoarehighlyintelligent

C)whosemindsarealertandreceptive

D)whoaregoodatrecognizingdifferentsounds

52.AccordingtoFozard'sargument,peoplecanmaketheirbrainsworkmoreefficientlyby_______.

A)constantlydoingmemoryworkB)takingpartinvariousmentalactivities

C)goingthroughspecifictrainingD)makingfrequentadjustments

53.ThefindingsofJamesandotherscientistsintheirwork_____.

A)remainatheorytobefurtherproved

B)havebeenchallengedbymanyotherexperts

C)havebeengenerallyaccepted

D)arepractisedbytheresearchersthemselves

54.Olderpeoplearegenerallyadvisedto______.

A)keepfitbygoinginforphysicalactivities

B)keepmentallyactivebychallengingtheirbrains

C)maintainmentalalertnessthroughspecifictraining

D)maintainabalancebetweenindividualandgroupactivities

55.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A)Howbiochemicalchangesoccurinthehumanbrain.

B)Whypeopleshouldkeepactivenotonlyphysicallybutalsomentally.

C)Howintellectualactivitiesinfluencebrain-cellhealth.

D)Whypeopleshouldreceivespecialmentaltrainingastheyage.Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Attentiontodetailissomethingeveryonecanandshoulddo-especiallyinatightjobmarket.BobCrossley,ahuman-resourcesexpertnoticesthisinthejobapplicationsthatcomecrosshisdeskeveryday."It'samazinghowmanycandidateseliminatethemselves,"hesays.

"Resumes(簡歷)arrivewithstains.Somecandidatesdon'tbothertospellthecompany'sthingsatthecostofsomethinglargertheyworktoward."Tokeepfromlosingtheforestforthetrees,"saysCharlesGarfield,associateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,"wemustconstantlyaskourselveshowthedetailswe'reworkingonfitintothelargerpicturetheydon't,weshoulddropthemandmovetosomethingelse."

GarfieldcomparesthisprocesstohisworkasacomputerscientistatNASA."TheApolloIImoonlaunchwasslightlyoff-course90percentofthetime,"saysGarfield."Butasuccessfullandingwasstilllikelybecauseweknewtheexactcoordinatesofourgoal.Thisallowedustolandingwasstilllikelybecauseweknewtheexactcoordinatesofourgoal.Thisallowedustomakeadjustmentsasnecessary."Knowingwherewewanttogohelpsusjudgetheimportanceofeverytaskweundertake.

Toooftenwebelievewhataccountsforothers'successissomespecialsecretoraluckybreak(機遇).Butrarelyissuccesssomysterious.Againandagain,weseethatbydoinglittlethingswithinourgraspwell,largerewardsfollow.

56.Accordingtothepassage,somejobapplicantswererejected_____.

A)becauseoftheircarelessnessasshownintheirfailuretopresentacleancopyofaresume

B)becauseoftheirinadequateeducationasshownintheirpoorspellinginwritingaresume

C)becausetheyfailedtogiveadetaileddescriptionoftheirbackgroundintheirapplications

D)becausetheyeliminatedtheirnamesfromtheapplicantslistthemselves

57.Theword"perfectionists"(Para.3)referstothosewho______.

A)demandotherstogeteverythingabsolutelyright

B)knowhowtoadjusttheirgoalsaccordingtothecircumstances

C)paytoomuchattentiontodetailsonlytolosetheirmajorobjectives

D)arecapableofachievingperfectresultsinwhatevertheydo

58.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'sadvicetothereader?

A)Althoughtoomuchattentiontodetailsmaybecostly,theyshouldnotbeoverlooked.

B)Don'tforgetdetailswhendrawingpictures

C)Beawareoftheimportanceofataskbeforeundertakingit.

D)Carelessapplicantsarenottobetrusted.

59.TheexampleoftheApolloIImoonlaunchisgiventoillustratethat_____.

A)minormistakescanbeignoredinachievingmajorobjectives

B)failureisthemotherofsuccess

C)adjustmentsarethekeytothesuccessfulcompletionofanywork

D)keepingone'sgoalinmindhelpsindecidingwhichdetailscanbeoverlooked

60.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe______.

A)Don'tBeaPerfectionistB)ImportanceofAdjustments

C)DetailsandMajorObjectivesD)HardWorkPlusGoodLuckQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Britainalmostmorethananyothercountryintheworldmustseriouslyfacetheproblemofbuildingupwards,thatistosayofaccommodatingaconsiderableproportionofitspopulationinhighblocksofflats.ItissaidthattheEnglishmanobjectstothistypeofexistence,butifthecaseissuch,hedoesinfactdifferfromtheinhabitantsofmostcountriesoftheworldtoday.Inthepastourownblocksofflatshavebeenassociatedwiththelower-incomegroupsandtheyhavelackedtheobviousprovisions,suchascentralheating,constanthotwatersupply,electricallyoperatedliftsfromtoptobottom,andsoon,aswellassuchdetails,importantnotwithstanding(然而),aseasyfacilitiesfordisposalofdustandrubbishandstorageplacesforbabycarriagesonthegroundfloor,playgroundsforchildrenonthetopofthebuildings,anddryinggroundsforwashing.Itislikelythatthedisputeregardingflatsversus(對,對抗)individualhouseswillcontinuetorageonforalongtimeasfarasBritainisconcerned.Anditisunfortunatethatthereshouldbehotfeelingsonbothsideswheneverthissubjectisraised.Thosewhoopposethebuildingofflatsbasetheircaseprimarilyontheassumption(設想)thateveryoneprefersanindividualhomeandgardenandonthehighcostperunitofaccommodation.Thelatterignoresthehighercostofprovidingfullservicestoascatteredcommunityandthecostinbothmoneyandtimeofthejourneystoworkforthesuburbanresident.

61.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.

A)Englishpeople,likemostpeopleinothercountries,dislikelivinginflats

B)peopleinmostcountriesoftheworldtodayarenotopposedtolivinginflats

C)peopleinBritainareforcedtomoveintohighblocksofflats

D)modernflatsstillfailtoprovidethenecessaryfacilitiesforliving

62.WhatissaidabouttheblocksofflatsbuiltinthepastinBritain?

A)Theyweremostlyinhabitedbypeoplewhodidnotearnmuch.

B)Theywereusuallynotlargeenoughtoaccommodatebigfamilies.

C)Theyweresoldtopeoplebeforenecessaryfacilitieswereinstalled.

D)Theyprovidedplaygroundforchildrenonthetopofthebuildings.

63.Theword"rage"means"______".

A)beignoredB)developwithgreatforce

C)encouragepeoplegreatlyD)beinfashion

64.Somepeopleopposethebuildingofflatsbecause_______.

A)thelivingexpensesforeachindividualfamilyarehigher

B)itinvolveshighercostcomparedwiththebuildingofhouses

C)theybelievepeopleliketoliveinhouseswithgardens

D)thedisposalofrubbishremainsaproblemforthoselivinginflats

65.Theauthormentionsthatpeoplewholiveinsuburbanhouses_____.

A)donothaveaccesstoeasyfacilitiesbecausetheyliveawayfromthecity

B)havetopayalotofmoneytoemploypeopletodoservicework

C)takelongertimetoknoweachotherbecausetheyareascatteredcommunity

D)havetospendmovemoneyandtimetravellingtoworkeverydayQuestions66to70arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Wheredopesticides(殺蟲劑)fitintothepictureofenvironmentaldisease?Wehaveseenthattheynowpollutesoil,water,andfood,thattheyhavethepowertomakeourstreamsfishlessandourgardensandwoodlandssilentandbirdless.Man,howevermuchhemayliketopretendthecontrary,ispartofnature.Canheescapeapollutionthatisnowsothoroughlydistributedthroughoutourworld?

Weknowthatevensingleexposurestothesechemicals,iftheamountislargeenough,cancauseextremelyseverepoisoning.Butthisisnotthemajorproblem.Thesuddenillnessordeathoffarmers,farmworkers,andothersexposedtosufficientquantitiesofpesticidesareverysadandshouldnotoccur.Forthepopulationasawhole,wemustbemoreconcernedwiththedelayedeffectsofabsorbingsmallamountsofthepesticidesthatinvisiblypolluteourworld.

Responsiblepublichealthofficialshavepointedoutthatthebiologicaleffectsofchemicalsarecumulative(堆積的)overlongperiodsoftime,andthatthedangertotheindividualmaydependonthesumoftheexposuresreceivedthroughouthislifetime.Fortheseveryreasonsthedangeriseasilyignored.Itishumannaturetoshakeoffwhatmayseemtousathreatoffuturedisaster."Menarenaturallymostimpressedbydiseaseswhichhaveobvioussigns,"saysawisephysician,Dr.ReneDubos,"yetsomeoftheirworstenemiesslowlyapproachthemunnoticed."

66.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothesentence"Man,...ispartofnature."?

A)Manappearsindifferenttowhathappensinnature.

B)Manactsasifhedoesnotbelongtonature.

C)Mancanavoidtheeffectsofenvironmentalpollution.

D)Mancanescapehisresponsibilitiesforenvironmentalprotection.

67.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheenvironmentaleffectsofpesticides?

A)Pessimistic.B)IndifferentC)DefensiveD)Concerned

68.Intheauthor'sview,thesuddendeathcausedbyexposuretolargeamountsofpesticides______.

A)isnottheworstofthenegativeconsequencesresultingfromtheuseofpesticides

B)nowoccursmostfrequentlyamongallaccidentaldeaths

C)hassharplyincreasedsoastobecomethecenterofpublicattention

D)isunavoidablebecausepeoplecan'tdowithoutpesticidesinfarming

69.Peopletendtoignorethede