Discoveringusefulstructure名詞性從句[觀察例句]1．WhatseemedstrangebeforenowappearsquitenormaltoXieLei.2.WhatsurprisedXieLeiwasthatshefoundherselfspeakingupinclassafterjustafewweeks.3．It'simportantthatXieLeikeepsabalancebetweenherstudiesand

hersociallife.4．Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirst

orsecondlanguage.5．Hertutorexplainedthatshewassupposedtoreadlotsofinformation

tohelpformawiseopinionofherown.6．Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.皆為主從復(fù)合句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句。it為形式主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句01名詞性從句定義在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句(NounClauses)。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。根據(jù)名詞性從句在句中充當(dāng)?shù)牟煌煞郑梢园衙~性從句分為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。從屬連詞連接代詞連接副詞that（無(wú)詞義單一賓語(yǔ)從句可省略，其他不能）,whether,if（是否）asif/asthough(好像)what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverwhen,where,how,why有(無(wú))詞義，但不做成分有詞義，做主，賓，表，定語(yǔ)有詞義，做狀語(yǔ)成分ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞):名詞性從句幾個(gè)常考考點(diǎn)that/what1._________hewantsisabook.2._________hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis_________wewonthegame.

4.Thisis________wewanttoknow.

5.Is________hetoldustrue?

6.Weshouldpayattentionto_________theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt________hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea________hedidthatafternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat考點(diǎn)一

連接詞that和what的選用that和what都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞性從句。但是，______除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可作從句的_______、_____、_____、或______。而_____在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起_______作用。what表示泛指的事物,常譯為"什么"或"所……的事物"，在含義上等于“名詞+that”what主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)that連接總結(jié)歸納：定語(yǔ)1.他犯了那樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤真是遺憾。___________________________isapity.2.他來(lái)不來(lái)不重要。________________________doesn’t

matter.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…ThathemadesuchamistakeItisapitythat…

考點(diǎn)2：it作形式主語(yǔ),形式賓語(yǔ)

it作形式主語(yǔ)Whetherhewillcomeornotit作形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句后移有時(shí)為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免“頭重腳輕”，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把主語(yǔ)從句，即真正的主語(yǔ)，放在后面。主語(yǔ)從句與形式主語(yǔ)it基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)常用詞語(yǔ)Itis＋名詞＋that從句常用的名詞有afact，ashame，apity，nowonder等。Itis＋形容詞＋that從句常用的形容詞有necessary，strange，important，possible等。當(dāng)形容詞為important，necessary等時(shí)，主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。Itis＋過(guò)去分詞＋that從句常用的過(guò)去分詞有said，reported，decided，believed，suggested，ordered等。過(guò)去分詞為suggested，ordered等表“建議，命令”的詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。It＋動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))＋that從句常用的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有seem，happen，turnout，occurto等。Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.她犯了這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，真是遺憾。Itisveryimportantthatastudent(should)learnEnglishwell.學(xué)生學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。動(dòng)詞find，consider，think，feel，believe，make等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)that從句后置。IhavemadeitclearthatIwillnotacceptthisjob.我已表明我不會(huì)接受這份工作的。

it作形式賓語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)3同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別1.Thesuggestionthatheshouldnotgothereisofgreatvalue.2.Thesuggestionthathemadeisofgreatvalue.3.Thefactthathewonthefirstplacecan’tbedenied.4.Thefactthathementioned

excitedme.同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句

同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在名詞fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubt,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion，message，chance,conclusion,decision,后面,

用以說(shuō)明或解釋前面的名詞的內(nèi)容.

連接詞通常為that，但在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，但不能被省略，

定語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)先行詞起修飾限制作用,并且關(guān)系代詞that在句中常作句子的主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)◆同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，但what,why,whether,when,where,how等有時(shí)也可引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。如：

Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.Itisverydifficulttoansweryourquestion

howIdidit.◆同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)不直接跟在被修飾的名詞后面，而是被其它成分隔開(kāi)了。如：

We’vejustheardawarningontheradiothatatyphoonmaybeonitsway.1.Iaskedher______________shehadabike.

2.____________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We'reworriedabout____________heissafe.

4.Idon'tknow_________________hewillcome.

5.Idon'tknow____________ornotheiswell.

6.Thequestionis____________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon'tknow___________togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether考點(diǎn)4.Whether和if的區(qū)別考點(diǎn)4.Whether和if的區(qū)別不能使用if的情況：a.主語(yǔ)從句b.表語(yǔ)從句c.同位語(yǔ)從句e.介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句f.不定式前用whether即whethertodog.whetherornot連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不用if.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.

weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.2.Thereasonforhisabsenceis

hehasn’tbeeninformed.3.Hemustanswerthequestion

heagreeswithitornot.4.Scientistspointout

theglobeisgettingwarmerandwarmer.5.Thereissomedoubt

thesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.6.I’vecomewithamessage

hewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.Howthatwhetherthatwhetherthat7.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent

(master)aforeignlanguage.8.Wemostlyhadtorelyontheradioornewspaperstoknow_____

wasgoingonintheworld.9.Weallconsider

importantthatchildrenshouldtakeplentyofmilkastheygrow.10.Thoughscientistsaren’tsure

iscausingthischange，thepublishersofthestudythinkthatit’sconnectedtorainfall.(should)masterwhatitwhatⅡ.語(yǔ)法填空(用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空)

Iamgoingtotellyouanunbelievablething11.

happenedinmyrestauranttoday.Thisafternoonapoorly-dressedgentlemancameintomyrestaurant.Nobodyknew12.

hewas.Weweresurprisedthathefinishedtwoordersoffoodinaverylimitedtime.Wewondered13.

hewassohungry.Wedoubted14.

themanwasabletopaythebill.Thegentlemanasked15.

wewouldmindwaitingforjustafewminutes.Thenwewereshockedtosee16.

hetookoutofanenvelope—amillionpoundbanknote.thatwhowhywhetherif/whetherthat

IaskedMrClements17.

itwasgenuine.MrClementssaiditwastruebecausetwoofthisamounthadbeenissuedbytheBankofEnglandthisyear.Hethought18.

thegentlemanshoweduscouldn’tbeafake.19.

agentlemanwithamillionpoundnotewasinragsandateinoursmallrestaurantwasabigpuzzletoallthepeoplethere.Ireallycouldn’tdescribe20.

excitedIwas.whetherwhatThathowCombineeachpairofsentencesusingthewordsinbrackets.1.Theadvisortalkedaboutmaintainingreasonableexpectations(期望，預(yù)期)whenstudyingabroad.HiswordswerequitehelpfultoMay.(what)WhattheadvisortalkedaboutmaintainingreasonableexpectationswhenstudyingabroadwasquitehelpfultoMay.談?wù)摗璽alksthvt.說(shuō)了...合并2個(gè)句子成一個(gè)句子的方法/步驟：①找共同；②確定主句；③確定從句的位置；④用什么連詞。2.Studentshavetowritecountless

researchpapersaspartoftheircoursework.ThiswasnotsomethingthatChenHaowasreadyfor.(that)ThatstudentshavetowritecountlessresearchpapersaspartoftheircourseworkwasnotsomethingthatChenHaowasreadyfor.adj.無(wú)數(shù)的，數(shù)不盡的研究論文n.作業(yè)3.Whowillbethesuccessfulapplicant(申請(qǐng)人)forthesummerjobatthelawfirm(事務(wù)所)?Thisisthequestion.(who)Whowillbethesuccessfulapplicantforthesummerjobatthelawfirmisthequestion.Thequestioniswhowillbethesuccessfulapplicantforthesummerjobatthelawfirm.在律師事務(wù)所4.Exposure(接觸、體驗(yàn))toanothercultureanditspeoplecangiveexchangestudentsgreatinsights(洞察力、眼光)intotheworld.Thisisanadvantageofstudyingabroad.(that)Thatexposuretoanothercultureanditspeoplecangiveexchangestudentsgreatinsightsintotheworldisanadvantageofstudyingabroad.Anadvantageofstudyingabroadisthatexposuretoanothercultureanditspeoplecangiveexchangestudentsgreatinsightsintotheworld.對(duì)世界的洞察力Completethetabletosummarisewhatyouhavelearntaboutnounclauses.名詞性從句(nounclauses)類(lèi)型功能語(yǔ)序it引導(dǎo)詞that省略主語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)____________語(yǔ)序作____________表語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)______\______賓語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)______作____________主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)陳述形式主語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)連詞連接代詞連接副詞不省不省可省CompletethepassagewithA–Dfromthebox.WhatotherthingsdoyouthinkmightattractinternationalstudentstoChina?AthatheenjoysbeingwithChinesepeopleBHowhecanlearntoappreciateitmoredeeplyCWhatimpressedhimfirstDthatpeoplecaneatalmosteverythingwithchopsticks喜歡和…待在一起n.筷子吸引…到…AfterjustafewmonthsinChina,Leon,anexchangestudentfromGermany,saysthathehasfalleninlovewithChineseculture.______wastheChinesefood.Hecouldn’tbelievehowmanydifferentkindsofChinesefoodthereare!Somethingelsehefoundimpressivewas______.Thenthere’sChina’scolourfulculture,fromarttomusic,

andfromcalligraphytoliterature.CCWhatimpressedhimfirst邏輯紐帶多彩的文化n.書(shū)法______remainsanimportantgoalforhim,

asheistrulyfascinatedbyit.LeonisalsoamazedbytheconvenienceofcashlesspaymentsinChina.Hecangooutsidewithoutanyneedforcash—allheneedsishismobilephone!ThebiggestreasonwhyhelovesChina,however,

is______.Hehasmadegreatfriendshere—friendsthathewillstillrememberlongafterhis

departure(離開(kāi)).BA語(yǔ)法紐帶AthatheenjoysbeingwithChinesepeopleDthatpeoplecaneatalmosteverythingwithchopsticks詞匯紐帶語(yǔ)法紐帶詞匯紐帶BHowhecanlearntoappreciateitmoredeeplyDthatpeoplecaneatalmosteverythingwithchopsticks被…吸引對(duì)…感到驚訝出門(mén)無(wú)需帶現(xiàn)金手機(jī)在他離開(kāi)很久之后出門(mén)無(wú)需帶現(xiàn)金WorkinpairsandtaketurnstotalkaboutXieLei’sexperiencebycompletingthefollowingsentenceswithyourownwords.1That...madeXieLeiconfusedatfirst.2ItsurprisedXieLeithat...3WhatXieLei’stutorwantedtosaywasthat…4ThemotivationforXieLeitostudyabroadwasthat…輪流做…某人做…的動(dòng)機(jī)/目的是…P172.Combineeachpairofsentenceusingthewordsinbrackets.

1.

Theadvisortalkedaboutmaintainingreasonableexpectationswhenstudyingabroad.HiswordswerequitehelpfultoMay.(What)WhattheadvisortalkedaboutmaintainingreasonableexpectationswhenstudyingabroadwasquitehelpfultoMay.

2.Studentshavetowritecountlessresearchpapersaspartoftheircoursework.ThiswasnotsomethingthatChenHaowasreadyfor.(that)Thatstudentshavetowritecountlessresearchpapersaspartoftheircoursework

wasnotsomethingthatChenHaowasreadyfor.3.Whowillbethesuccessfulapplicantforthesummerjobatthelawfirm?Thisisthequestion.(who)Whowillbethesuccessfulapplicantforthesummerjobatthelawfirmisthequestion.Thequestioniswhowillbethesuccessfulapplicantforthesummerjobatthelawfirm

4.Exposuretoanothercultureanditspeoplecangive,exchangestudentsgreatinsightsintotheworld.Thisisanadvantageofstudyingabroad.(that))Thatexposuretoanothercultureanditspeoplecangive,exchangestudentsgreatinsightsintotheworldisanadvantageofstudyingabroad.5.SchoolsintheStatesarequitemulticultural,withstudentsandteachersfrommanydifferentethnicbackgrounds.ThisimpressedLiuYang(It…that)ItimpressedLiuYangthatschoolsintheStatesarequitemulticultural,withstudentsandteachersfrommanydifferentethnicbackgrounds6.Shouldshe,sticktoherownwayofl