Unit5HumansandNature

FocusonLanguagePassageReviewingterroratwascoveredawhencalmerslowlymyselfwaitingtorecognise定語從句什么是定語？在復(fù)合句中，用作定語的從句叫

從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫

。定語從句一般放在先行詞的

，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：

，關(guān)系副詞有：

。名詞的擴(kuò)展：定語是增加描述或說明名詞或代詞的修飾語，可以將其擴(kuò)展為以名詞或代詞為中心的短語。定語因位置不同可分為：前置定語和后置定語。定語先行詞后面that,which,who,whom,whose等where,when,why等指代內(nèi)容所作成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose人；物物人人(人/物)的主語,賓語主語,賓語主語,賓語賓語定語作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省可省不可省關(guān)系代詞的選擇和省略關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”的結(jié)構(gòu)，并可與其交換使用。在從句中充當(dāng)狀語。我不知道他今天晚上缺席的原因。（absent）去年我的父母又去了那個(gè)他們30年前勞動(dòng)過的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。(yield）Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewasabsenttoday.Lastyearmyparentswenttothefarmwheretheyhad

workedfor30years.Thereareoccasionswhenonemustyield.注意：若時(shí)間名詞為先行詞，引導(dǎo)詞在后面的定語從句中作主語或賓語，要用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，不用when。e.g.Doyoustillrememberthedays

wespenttogetherinYan’an?若地點(diǎn)名詞為先行詞，引導(dǎo)詞在后面的定語從句中作主語或賓語，要用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，不用where。Eg.TheScienceMuseum,

wevisitedduringourtriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.which/thatwhich/thatPractice1.Youcancreateanaddressbookin________youcankeepthee-mailaddressesofyourcontacts.2.Self-drivingisanarea________Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.3.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator(冰箱),________itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.4.Therewasatime

Soapyhadtobegfromdoortodoortomakehimselfalive.5.WeallgotexcitedwhensomeonespottedanAustraliantailedeagle,which

（be）thesymboloftheAustralian-PacificRailway.whichwherewherewhenisChildrenarealwayshappyontheday1.________summervacationbegins.Theythinkabouttheplans2.__________theyhaveforthesummer.Somechildrengotoadaycamp3.__________isneartheirhome.Attheendoftheday,theycangohome.Otherkidschoosetogotoacampinthecountry4.________theyareinstructedbycampcounselors(顧問).Thesecounselorsareoftencollegestudents5.________aretryingtoearnalittleextramoneyduringtheirsummervacation.Somekidsgotospecialized(專業(yè)的)camps.Theretheycanimproveaparticularskillorlearnanewhobby6.___________theyareinterestedin.Thisisthereason7.________specializedcampsarepopularwithbothparentsandkids.Therearesomekids8.________parentstakethemonatripinacar.Theyoftenvisitstateandnationalparks.whenwhich/thatwhich/thatwherewho/thatwhich/thatwhywhose鏈接高考whenwhenwherewhywhereLanguagePoints1.escapevi.&vt.

“togetawayfromaplaceordangeroussituationwhensomeoneistryingtocatchyouorstopyou”逃離，逃走【歸納】escape(doing)sth.

逃避做某事escapefrom從……逃離;逃走escapeto逃至……

escapefromreality逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)

escaperesponsivility逃避責(zé)任【語境應(yīng)用】單句語法填空1)Howdidhemanagetoescape_____theprisonbyhimself?2)Onlywiththegreatestofluckdidshemanagetoescape_____therisingfloodwaters.3)Weluckilyescaped______(have)anycoldsthiswinter.4)Hepretendedtohavefallenasleeptoescape______________(punish).fromfromhavingbeingpunished【歸納】surviveon靠……生存survivesth.幸免于；從……中挺過來survive表示幸免于時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，因而不要加多余的介詞in，from等。survivethewar/accident/flood/fire在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/事故/洪水/火災(zāi)中幸免于難survivetheattack在襲擊中幸免于難【拓展】

survivaln.

幸存，殘存物

survivor

n.

幸存者，生還者2.Afishermanistryingtosurviveastorm.

survivevi.&vt.

“tocontinuetoliveafteranaccident,war,orillness”

幸存;活下來【語境應(yīng)用】用survive的相關(guān)詞語完成片段Themanwastheonly__________(幸存者)who_______________________(在地震中幸存).Hetoldushe________________(靠……生存)abottleofmineralwater.Everyonesaidhis__________(幸存)wasawonder.單句語法填空。Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforour__________(survive).(2017江蘇卷)survivorsurvivedtheearthquakehadsurvivedonsurvivalsurvival3.Allatonce,theskywascoveredwithdarkcloudsandinlessthanaminutewewereinaterriblestorm.

突然，天空被烏云籠罩，剎那間，我們就被卷入了可怕的風(fēng)暴中。

allatonce突然間，剎那

e.g.Allatonce,hisnamecameintomymind.(翻譯)

突然，他的名字躍入我的腦海。【拓展】atonce立刻，馬上allofasudden突然oncemore再次（發(fā)生），又一次

onceinawhile偶爾，有時(shí)

onceandforall徹底地，一勞永逸地5.Itmayappearstrange,butatthatmoment,whenwewereontheedgeofthewhirlpool,Ifeltcalmerthanwhenweweremovingtowardsit.

看起來可能很奇怪，但在那一刻，當(dāng)我們?cè)谛郎u邊緣的時(shí)候，我覺得自己比向它移動(dòng)時(shí)更平靜。edgen.

“thepartofanobjectthatisfurthestfromitscentre”

邊緣ontheedgeofsth.在……邊緣；某事快要發(fā)生（尤指不好的事）ontheedgeof與attheedgeofontheedgeof“在……的邊上”在物體的表面之上Don’tputtheglassontheedgeofthetableincaseitwillfallandbreak.attheedgeof“在……的邊緣上”并不特指在物體的表面之上。Wecouldhearbirdswhistlingattheedgeofthewoods.【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子1)Mr.Smithstood_______________(在……的邊緣)thelakestaringintothes