(1)河北省“五個(gè)一”名校聯(lián)盟2021屆高三聯(lián)考之C篇

Chinesehighschoolstudentshavethemostpositiveattitudetowardsonlinelearningcomparedwiththosein

theUnitedStates,JapanandtheRepublicofKorea(ROK),accordingtoareportreleasedbyChinaYouthDaily.

Thestudy,conductedbyresearchersatChinaYouthandChildrenResearchCenter,includingtheir

counterpartsintheotherthreecountries,covered3,903Chinesehighschoolstudents,1,521UShighschool

students,2,204Japanesehighschoolstudentsand1,618highschoolstudentsoftheROK.

Thereportshowedthatmostofthesurveyedstudentsinthefourcountriesembraceonlinelearning.

Onlinelearningisimportant"isperceivedby87.1percentofChinesestudents,and"on-learningisinteresting"

issupportedby91.2percentofChinesestudents,bothalittlehigherthanthatinanyoftheotherthreecountries.

Morethan94percentofChinesehighschoolstudentsbelievethatonlinelearningcanexpendscopeof

knowledge,while86.8percentbelievethattheycanlearnfromfirst-classteachersviatheInternet,accordingtothe

report.

Throughonlinelearningcanpushtheboundariesoftimeandspace,thereportsaidthestudentswereeasily

distracted,addingthatstudentsinthefourcountriesexpressedsimilarconcernsuchaspoorvision,relianceonthe

Internetandlesseffortinproblem-solvingontheirown.

8.WhatdomostChinesestudentsthinkofonlinelearning?

A.Itisofgreatimportance.

B.Itishelpfulbutkindofboring.

C.Ithelpsthemstayfocusedathome.

D.Itislessinterestingthanclassroomlearning.

9.Whichcanbestexplain"embrace"underlinedinparagraph3?

A.Schedule.B.Accept.

C.Abandon.D.Update.

10.Whichofthefollowingisoneoftheadvantagesofonlinelearning?

A.Itmakesstudentsfeelatschool.

B.Studentscanattendclassesgivenbyexcellentteachers.

C.Studentswillworkharderwhentheyarelearningonline.

D.Itenablesstudentstoknowmoreabouttheirclassmates.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.ChinaDailydidthestudy.

B.Americanstudentsdislikeonlinelearning.

C.Studentsintheworldenjoyonlinelearning.

D.Onlinelearningmayleadtostudents1badeyesight.

【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D

【解析】

本文是一篇調(diào)查報(bào)告，據(jù)《中國(guó)青年報(bào)》近日發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，與美國(guó)、日本和韓國(guó)相比，中國(guó)高中

生對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度最為積極；同時(shí)報(bào)道又指出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)的利弊。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為：大多數(shù)中國(guó)學(xué)生對(duì)在線學(xué)習(xí)有什么看法?根據(jù)文章第一段Chinesehighschool

studentshavethemostpositiveattitudetowardsonlinelearning,以及第四段Onlinelearningisimportant"is

perceivedby87.1percentofChinesestudents.可以推斷出，大多數(shù)的中國(guó)學(xué)生認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)很重要。故選

Ao

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。由第二段Onlinelearningisimportantuisperceivedby87.1percentofChinesestudents,and"on-

learningisinteresting1'issupportedby91.2percentofChinesestudents,bothalittlehigherthanthatinanyofthe

otherthreecountries.（87.1%的中國(guó)學(xué)生認(rèn)為“在線學(xué)習(xí)很重要”，而91.2%的中國(guó)學(xué)生認(rèn)為“在線學(xué)習(xí)很有

趣”，這兩個(gè)比例都略高于其他三個(gè)國(guó)家）可知，四個(gè)國(guó)家的學(xué)生是支持網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)的。故選B。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。本題題干意為：下列哪項(xiàng)是網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)勢(shì)之一？根據(jù)文章第五段Morethan94percentof

Chinesehighschoolstudentsbelievethatonlinelearningcanexpendscopeofknowledge,while86.8percent

believethattheycanlearnfromfirst-classteachersviatheInternet,accordingtothereport.（報(bào)告顯示，超過94%

的中國(guó)高中生認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)可以拓展知識(shí)面，而86.8%的人認(rèn)為他們可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)向一流的老師學(xué)習(xí)）可

知，C項(xiàng)：學(xué)生可以參加優(yōu)秀教師的課程，符合題意。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Throughonlinelearningcanpushtheboundariesoftimeandspace,thereport

saidthestudentswereeasilydistracted,addingthatstudentsinthefourcountriesexpressedsimilarconcernsuchas

poorvision,relianceontheInternetandlesseffortinproblem-solvingontheirown.報(bào)告稱，由于在線學(xué)習(xí)跨越

了時(shí)間和空間的界限，學(xué)生們很容易分心。此外，這四個(gè)國(guó)家的學(xué)生也表達(dá)了類似的擔(dān)憂，比如視力不

佳、依賴網(wǎng)絡(luò)、獨(dú)立解決問題的能力較差。由此可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致學(xué)生視力差。故選D。

(2)淮海中學(xué)2021屆高三年級(jí)階段性測(cè)試之A篇

SummerLeadershipProgramsforHighSchoolStudents

Doyouseeyourselfasaleader?Strongleadershipskillsareagreatwaytosetyourselfapartonacollege

applicationaswellasinyourfuturecareer.Belowarefoursummerprogramsthatwillgiveyouaheadstarton

improvingyourleadershipabilities.

TheBrownLeadershipInstitute

BrownUniversity'spre-collegesummerprogrammingincludesTheBrownLeadershipInstitute,amonth-long

leadershiptrainingsessionforhighschoolstudents.Theprogramaimstoapplyleadershipskillstosocialissues.

Throughcasestudies,discussionsanddebates,studentsexaminecomplicatedglobalissuesandlearntocomeup

witheffectivesolutions.

StudentsTodayLeadersForever

StudentsTodayLeadersForever,anationalnon-profitstudentleadershipassociation,offersthislive-in

summerexperienceforhighschoolstudents.Studentsparticipateinleadershipworkshopsandteam-building

activitieswithafocusonorganization,teamwork,communication,andanoverallcommitmenttoeffectingpositive

change.Therearetwosix-daysessionshostedonthecampusesofHamlineUniversity.

LeadershipintheBusinessWorld

Risinghighschoolseniorsinterestedinexploringundergraduatebusinessadministrationandleadershipare

encouragedtoapplytothisprogram,sponsoredeverysummerbytheWhartonSchooloftheUniversityof

Pennsylvania.Thetwo-weekprogramisofferedatbothofWharton*scampusesinSanFranciscoandPhiladelphia.

NationalStudentLeadershipConference

Thisprogramoffersafive-daycourseonMasteringLeadership.Itincludesaseriesofworkshopsthat

emphasizethe"PillarsofEffectiveLeadership",includinggoal-setting,groupbrainstorming,teambuilding,

people-convincingcommunication,andcommunityservice,aswellastakingfieldtrips,meetingwithleadership

professionals,andcompletingadayofserviceinthelocalcommunity.Datesandlocationsvary.

1.WhatcanstudentsdointheprogramofferedbyBrownUniversity?

A.Meetwithleadershipprofessionals.B.Participateincommunityservice.

C.Analyzedifficultworldissues.D.Takeseveralfieldtrips.

2.WhichprogramislocatedatHamlineUniversity^campuses?

A.StudentsTodayLeadersForever.B.TheBrownLeadershipInstitute.

C.LeadershipintheBusinessWorld.D.NationalStudentLeadershipConference.

3.Howlongdoestheprogramfocusingonbusinessadministrationlast?

A.Fivedays.B.Twelvedays.

C.Twoweeks.D.Onemonth.

【答案】1.C2.A3.C

【解析】

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)為高中生舉辦的暑期領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力課程的情況。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Throughcasestudies,discussionsanddebates,studentsexaminecomplicatedglobal

issuesandlearntocomeupwitheffectivesolutions.可知通過個(gè)案研究、討論和辯論，學(xué)生檢視復(fù)雜的全球問

題，并學(xué)會(huì)提出有效的解決方案。由此可知，在布朗大學(xué)的課程中，學(xué)生可以分析困難的世界問題。故選

C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Therearetwosix-daysessionshostedonthecampusesofHamlineUniversity.可知

有兩個(gè)為期六天的會(huì)議在哈姆林大學(xué)的校園里舉行。由此可知，StudentsTodayLeadersForever項(xiàng)目位于哈

姆林大學(xué)的校區(qū)。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Risinghighschoolseniorsinterestedinexploringundergraduatebusiness

administrationandleadershipareencouragedtoapplytothisprogram,sponsoredeverysummerbytheWharton

SchooloftheUniversityofPennsylvania.Thetwo-weekprogramisofferedatbothofWharton'scampusesinSan

FranciscoandPhiladelphia.可知我們鼓勵(lì)有志于探索本科工商管理和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的高三學(xué)生申請(qǐng)?jiān)擁?xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目

由賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)沃頓商學(xué)院每年夏天贊助。這個(gè)為期兩周的課程在沃頓的舊金山和費(fèi)城校區(qū)都開設(shè)。由

此可知，專注于工商管理專業(yè)的課程會(huì)持續(xù)兩周時(shí)間。故選C。

(3)2021屆南京市高三年級(jí)九月學(xué)情調(diào)研之D篇

Educationappearstoprotectolderadultsespeciallywomen,againstmemoryloss,accordingtoastudyby

investigatorsatGeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter.

TheStudytesteddeclarativememoryin704olderadults(58-98yearsofage).Declarativememoryrefersto

ourabilitytoremembereventsfactsandwords,suchaswhereyouputyourkeysorthenameofthatnewneighbor.

Theinvestigatorsfoundthattheirmemoryperformancebecameprogressivelyworsewithaging.However,more

yearsofearly-lifeeducationcounteredtheseTosses,especiallyinwomen.

Forexample,thedeclarativememoryabilitiesofan80-year-oldwomanwithabachelor'sdegreewouldbeas

goodasthoseofa60-year-oldwomanwithahighschooleducation.So,fourextrayearsofeducationmakeupfor

thememorylossesfrom20yearsofaging.

“Simplysaid,learningbringsaboutleaming.^^saysthestudy'sseniorinvestigator,MichaelUnman."Since

learningnewinformationindeclarativememoryiseasierifitisrelatedtoknowledgewealreadyhave,more

knowledgefrommoreeducationshouldresultinbettermemoryabilities,evenyearslater,“addsthestudy'slead

author,JanaReifegerste.

"Evidencesuggeststhatgirlsoftenhavebetterdeclarativememorythanboys,soeducationmayleadtogreater

knowledgegainsingirls,“saysUllman.^Educationmaythusparticularlybenefitmemoryabilitiesinwomen,even

yearslaterinoldage.^^

Thestudytestedindividualsinanon-Westernpopulation.Participantsvariedinthenumberofyearsof

education,fromnoneatalltograduatestudies.Futureresearchisneededtotestwhetherthefindingsgeneralizeto

otherpopulations,Ullmansays.

“Thesefindingsmaybeimportant,especiallyconsideringtherapidlyagingpopulationglobally,Reifegerste

says."Theresultsargueforfiirthereffortstoincreaseaccesstoeducation.^^

"EducationhasalsobeenfoundtodelaythebeginningofAlzheimer'sdisease,“Ullmansays.6(Webelievethat

ourfindingsmayshedlightonwhythisoccurs.^^

12.Theunderlined"counter"inParagraph2probablymeans.

A.cancelB.change

C.replaceD.reduce

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?

A.Newinformation.B.Declarativememory.

C.Formereducation.D.Bettermemoryability.

14.Theresearchfindingsmayhelp

A.slowdowntheprocessofagingB.promotethedevelopmentofeducation

C.advancethestudyofAlzheimer'sdiseaseD.ensuretheequalrightsofwomen5seducation

15.Thepassagemainlytalksaboutthat__.

A.declarativememoryabilitiesfailwithaging

B.womenshouldtrytoobtainabachelor'sdegree

C.learningregularlyhelpsimproveoldadults'memory

D.early-lifeeducationhelpspreventmemorylossinoldage

【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文.喬治城大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的一項(xiàng)研究表明，教育似乎能保護(hù)老年人，尤其是女性，防止記憶

力減退。文章主要說明了這一研究的過程，以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)教育對(duì)于延緩衰老與疾病發(fā)生的益處。

【12題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中Forexample,thedeclarativememoryabilitiesofan80-year-oldwomanwitha

bachelor'sdegreewouldbeasgoodasthoseofa60-vear-oldwomanwithahighschooleducation.可知，例如，

一位擁有學(xué)上學(xué)位的80歲老婦人的陳述性記憶能力與一位受過高中教育的60歲老婦人一樣好。由此可

知，教育可以減少記憶能力的衰退。故劃線詞意思是“減少”。A.cancel取消；B.change改變；C.replace取

代；D.reduce減少。故選D。

【13題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文Sincelearningnewinformationindeclarativememoryiseasier以及后文isrelatedto

knowledgewealreadyhave可知，如果新學(xué)到的信息和原先已有的知識(shí)有關(guān)，那么學(xué)起來就會(huì)更容易。由此

可知，it指的是“新信息”。故選A。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"EducationhasalsobeenfoundtodelaythebeginningofAlzheimer'sdisease,"

Ullmansays.*'Webelievethatourfindingsmayshedlightonwhythisoccurs."可知，”教育也被發(fā)現(xiàn)可以延緩老

年癡呆癥的發(fā)生，"UHman說：“我們相信，我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)揭示這一現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的原因。’'由此可知，研

究結(jié)果可能有助于推進(jìn)對(duì)阿爾茨海默病的研究。故選C?

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Educationappearstoprotectolderadultsespeciallywomen,againstmemoryloss,

accordingtoastudybyinvestigatorsatGeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter.可知,喬治城大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的一

項(xiàng)研究表明，教育似乎能保護(hù)老年人，尤其是女性，防止記憶力減退。結(jié)合文章還說明了這一研究的過

程，以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)教育對(duì)于延緩衰老與疾病發(fā)生的益處。由此可知，這篇文章主要講的是早期生活教育有

助于防止老年失憶。故選D。

(4)2021屆南京市高三年級(jí)九月學(xué)情調(diào)研之A篇

"DonQuijote''byCervantesSaavedra

“4TreatiseofHumanNature''byDavidHume

Muchreadingandbook-learningcandriveyou

Examiningascientificallyappliedmoralphilosophy

totryandbecomeoneofthecharactersinyour

isthegoalofthisTreatise.

favoritenovels.ThisiswhathappenstoDonQuixote,

whoattemptsmanyknightly（騎士）actswhileBuildingonearlycomplaintsagainsttheendless

stoppedbyaworldthathasrejectedknightlyvirtues.guessesandargumentsbetweenphilosophers,thiswork

promotesamoveawayfrommetaphysical

Cervantescombinesallthreeelements-madness,

speculation（形而上學(xué)的思辨）andapermanentshift

comedy,andfantasy-inbetweenconversationsand

towardsystemsbasedonobservationalfact.

adventures.

“None"byB.Kovner“TheBrothersKaramasov^^byDostoevsky

Einstein'sfavoritereadingduringhislastfewInthebook,eachcharacterisrepresentativeofone

oftherulingclasses.

monthsofhislifewerehumoriststoriesofB.Kovner,

awriterfortheJewishDailyForward.KovnerwroteThereisthefatherFyodor,thelandownerwhois

carelessabouthisland,butgreedyinusingitsproduce

aseriesofhumoriststoriesinYiddishforthe

forhimself.There'sDmitri,whohasbeenpassed

forward.

aroundfromhousetohouse.AndgentleAlyosha,the

mysticpeacemaker.Throughoutarethemesoflove,