[單元主題語境]

人與自然之主要國家地理概況(2020·高考全國卷Ⅲ)

話題：英國家庭多代同居詞數：323難度：★★★Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law:shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol—oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”

saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.”It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhentheygetmarried.[語篇解讀]本文主要介紹了英國多代同居問題，越來越多的英國人選擇和父母居住在一起。28．WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?A．Nick.

B．Rita.C．Kathryn. D．Thedaughters.解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中“...hismother-in-law:shelivesonthegroundfloor”以及第三段中最后一句“...RitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor”

可知，RitaWhitehead是Nick的岳母，住在groundfloor，選B。根據第二段“helivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.”可知，排除ACD。答案：B29．WhatisNick'sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?A．Positive. B．Carefree.C．Tolerant. D．Unwilling.解析：觀點態度題。根據第五段“AndwhatdoesNickthink?‘Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.’”

可知，Nick同意和岳母住在一起，并且很推薦這一做法，所以是positive，選A。答案：A30．Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?A．Familytraditions. B．Financialreports.C．Publishedstatistics. D．Publicopinions.解析：細節理解題。根據第六段內容可知，報告顯示三代人在一起生活的家庭數量已從2001年的325000個增加到2013年的419000個。根據第七段內容可知，25－34歲的年輕人中約20%與父母同住，而1991年為16%。英國所有多代家庭共居的總數據約為180萬。由這兩段的介紹可知，作者一直都是用調查數據在講述家庭居住問題，故選C。答案：C31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Lifestylesindifferentcountries. B．Conflictsbetweengenerations.C．AhousingprobleminBritain. D．ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.解析：主旨大意題。縱觀全文，文章主要介紹了英國人與父母居住在一起的情況越來越多，多代同居家庭也日益增多，所以選D。文中并不是傾向于介紹生活方式，也沒有用太多筆墨去介紹其他國家，排除A。文中介紹了多代家庭居住的情況，并沒有說他們之間有很多沖突，排除B。文中沒有說家庭問題，排除C。答案：D一、語言能力熟詞生義/詞類活用1．multigenerationalfamily__________________2．floatvt.____________________________3．cutin__________4．standpointn．________________5．rootv．________________多代同堂家庭提請考慮(想法或計劃)插嘴立場；觀點(使)生根二、思維品質1．閱讀技巧——細節理解題干擾選項特征①與短文細節部分相吻合，部分相悖。②是短文細節，但不符合題干要求。③是短文細節，但不是要點或主要論據。④符合常識，但不是文章內容。⑤明顯與短文細節不符或短文未提及，如上文第30題A、B和D三項，本題易錯選B項。因B項中有reports，所以很容易錯選。financialreports意為“財務報告”。文章并沒有從財務的角度展開論述，故B項錯誤。⑥與原句的內容極為相似，只是在程度上有些變動。2．分析長難句并翻譯句子Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.[分析]該句是一個主從復合句。句中suggest后跟that引導的賓語從句，從句中主語的中心詞是____________________，ofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogether為定語，修飾____________________，其中withthreegenerationslivingtogether是“with＋名詞＋現在分詞”結構。with復合結構在句中作定語，修飾____________________。[翻譯]__________________________________________________________________________________________thenumberthenumberhouseholds官方報告顯示，三代同堂的家庭數量從2001年的32.5萬戶增加到2013年的41.9萬戶。三、文化素養思考：通過閱讀這篇文章，你如何認為多代同堂家庭？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________如今，由于年輕人無法負擔離開家的費用，而老年人面臨孤獨的風險，更多的家庭選擇住在一起。這樣做可以雙贏，幸福生活是一家老小，溫暖相伴，其樂融融。同時多代同堂家庭也面臨一些生活問題，我們應正確認識生活，從而構建良好的人際關系。NO.1單詞——在語境中應用，在拓展中記多01核心單詞…………[先識記]請根據漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．______________manyvisitors吸引眾多游客2．______________anappointment安排一次會面3．______________ofmatter由物質組成attractarrangeconsist4．______________one'sposition澄清某人的立場5．________aletter將信折起來6．____________withjoy因喜悅而激動7．a________________victory輝煌的勝利8．a____________________campaign全國性運動9．an__________________evening一個愉快的夜晚10．liveinthe______________________住在鄉下11．aserious________________嚴重分歧12．atyourearliest______________________盡早clarifyfoldthrillsplendidnationwideenjoyablecountrysideconflictconvenience[再拓展]請填入括號內單詞的正確形式1．Hestartedto__________farmworkersintoalabor__________.Asagrouptheywouldtrytogethigherwagesandbetterworkingconditions.(unite)2．Evenifyoudidnot___________________yourgoals，youtrainedhardformanymonths.Thatinitselfisagreat________________.(accomplish)3．It'svery____________________formetogoshopping.Thereisa______________________storenearmyhome.(convenient)uniteunionaccomplishaccomplishmentconvenientconvenience4．He____________therobberyindetailtothepolicemanandhis_____________wasveryvaluable—thepolicecaughttherobberinashorttime.(describe)5．What_________memostinBeijingisthattherearemany_____________，liketheGreatWall，theSummerPalace.Theyareso___________asto___________eyesfromeverycorneroftheworld.(attract)6．Ourdepartmentwillbeinchargeof_________theconference.Wouldyoupleasegiveussomesuggestionsonthe___________________forit?(arrange)describeddescriptionattractsattractionsattractiveattractarrangingarrangement02閱讀單詞…………標注不認識的單詞，回查單詞表重新記憶□alike□currency□institution□architecture□administration□province□credit□furnished□statue□royal□uniform□consistent□port□tense□navigation□wedding□statue□faxNO.2短語——在拼寫中記牢，在聯想中積累[必會短語]請根據漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．______________________曾經；一度2．__________________________留心看3．______________________________為……帶來榮譽4．____________________________coal取代煤5．__________________aletter漏掉了一個字母6．____________________completely完全垮了atonetimekeepone'seyesopentoone'scredittaketheplaceofleaveoutbreakdown7．________________thematteragain再提這件事8．____________________nineteenchapters由19章組成9．___________________________theoldrules擺脫舊的規則10．____________________________theoptions把各種選擇列一個清單11．________________________thedead為了紀念逝去的人12．____________thestudents________fourgroups把學生分成4組refertoconsistofbreakawayfrommakealistofinmemoryofdivideinto[詞匯積累]1．僅“一字母之差”的單詞①statuen．雕像→statusn．身份②affectvt.影響→effectn．影響；效果③adaptvt.適應→adoptvt.收養④sweatn．汗水→sweetadj.甜的⑤contentn．內容→contextn．上下文⑥marchn．前進→matchn．比賽2．前綴a-高頻表語形容詞大全①alike相同的；類似的②asleep睡著的③alive活的；有活力的④awake醒著的⑤ashamed羞愧的⑥alone單獨的3．“代替”的表達法種種①taketheplaceof②takeone'splace③replacesb./sth.④inplaceof⑤substitutefor⑥insteadofNO.3句式——在解讀中學懂，在學寫中學通請根據提示完成下列句子1．find＋賓語＋賓補他醒來時發現窗戶關上了。He___________________________whenhewokeup.2．keep/make＋賓語＋賓補當談到我最喜歡的運動，我想是跑步，因為跑步可以使我健康。Whenitcomestomyfavouritesport,Iguessitisrunningasrunningcan______________________________.(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)foundthewindowsclosedmakemehealthy3．過去分詞(短語)作狀語在網上面對這么多要學的新東西，我會感到恐懼、迷茫，不知道該做什么。__________________________________________________，Iwasovercomebyfearandwasatalosswhattodo.4．Itseemedstrangethat...“……似乎很奇怪”，shouldhavedone表示對過去發生的事情感到驚訝看起來很奇怪，他竟然拒絕了我們提出的行之有效的建議。_______________________________________thepracticalsuggestionputforwardbyus.FacedwithsomanynewthingstolearnontheInternetItseemedstrangethatheshouldhaverejected授課提示：對應學生用書第142頁1．conveniencen.

便利；方便；便利的事物；便利設施[寫作佳句]Ifitisconvenientforyou，let'smeetat8：30a．m.outsidetheschoolgate.如果你方便的話，我們上午8：30在學校門口外面見面。[歸納拓展](1)forconvenience為了方便起見atone'sconvenience在某人方便的時候(2)convenientadj.方便的；便利的beconvenientfor/to對……方便Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.某人方便做某事(3)inconveniencen．不方便；不便inconvenientadj.不方便的[實戰演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Ifyouareinterested，pleasesendanapplicationemailatyourearliest______________________(convenient)．②Shopsthatstayopentwenty-fourhoursadayare__greatconveniencetothepublic.conveniencea能力提升——完成語段③It's__________________________tolivehere.__________________，Icanvisitsomeofmyfavoritemuseums.Shopping_____________________mywife._________________formysontogotoschool，forhisschoolisonlytwoblocksaway.住在這里真方便。我方便時可以去參觀我所鐘愛的幾家博物館。我妻子購物很方便。我兒子上學也很方便，因為與學校只有兩個街區的距離。agreatconvenienceAtmyconvenienceisconvenientto/forItisconvenient[實戰貼士](1)convenient作表語時，不可用人作主語，而要用物作主語或用it作形式主語。“當你方便的時候”應翻譯成whenitisconvenientforyou，而不是whenyouareconvenient。(2)convenience意為“方便；便利”時為不可數名詞；表示“便利的事物；便利設施”時為可數名詞。2．attractvt.

吸引；引起注意[文化金句]Whatattractstouristsmostisthespectacularviewofsunriseonthetopofit.最吸引游客的是山頂上壯麗的日出景色。[歸納拓展](1)attractone'sattention/mind吸引某人的注意力attractsb.tosth.吸引某人關注某事(2)attractionn．吸引力；吸引；有吸引力的地方atouristattraction旅游景點(3)attractiveadj.有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起興趣的[實戰演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Whatfirstattractedme____herwashersenseofhumor.②AsthelongestriverinAsia，theYangtzeRiverhassomany___________(attract)．③MountTaiis____________________(attract)totouristsforitsbeautifulsceneryandhistoricalsites.toattractionsattractive能力提升——完成句子④Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires，Asia'sbiggestbuilding，andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme，__________________________.成都有幾十個新的百萬富翁，亞洲最大的建筑，和新奇的酒店。但是對我這樣的游客來說，熊貓是最吸引人的。pandasareitstopattraction3．arrangevt.

籌備；安排；整理[文化金句]I'dliketotellyouthatmyclassmatesandIhavearrangedtovisitthenearbynursinghomenextSaturdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival.我想告訴你，我和我的同學已安排好下周六重陽節去拜訪附近的敬老院。[歸納拓展](1)arrangesth.forsb.為某人安排某事arrangetodosth.安排做某事arrangeforsb.todosth.安排某人做某事arrangethat...商定……；安排……(2)arrangementn．安排；籌備；布置；整理makearrangementsfor為……做好安排[實戰演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Ifyouareinterested，pleasesignupattheofficebefore5：00p．m.nextThursdaysothatwewillmakenecessary________________________(arrange)．②Foracaselikethis，we'llarrangeforalawyer________________(visit)yourneighborwithyou.arrangementstovisit能力提升——完成句子③__________________________________________________________andsparenoefforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.父母為孩子安排好一切，不遺余力地為他們的成功鋪路。[實戰貼士](1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrangeforsb.todosth.而不用arrangesb.todosth.。(2)makearrangements(forsth./forsb.todosth.)中的arrangement常用復數形式。Parentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildren4．delightn.

快樂；高興；喜悅

vt.

使高興；使欣喜[寫作佳句]Whatdelightedthefanswasthattheyoungplayerperformedextremelywellinthecompetition.令球迷欣喜的是那位年輕的運動員在比賽中表現得極為出色。[歸納拓展](1)take(great)delightin以……為樂withdelight高興地；愉快地toone'sdelight令某人高興的是(2)delightedadj.欣喜的；快樂的；高興的bedelightedat/with/by為……而高興bedelightedtodosth./indoingsth.為做某事而高興；樂意做某事[實戰演練]基礎練透——完成語段①______________________，myson_______________________learningEnglish.He____________________toEnglishsongsandsingafterthetapeagainandagain.Yesterdayhecamebackhome________________________and__________________________________thegoodnewsthathewonthefirstplaceinanEnglishcompetition.讓我高興的是，我兒子很樂意學英語。他很高興聽英文歌曲，并且跟著磁帶一遍一遍地唱。昨天他高興地回到家里，帶給我一個讓我感到很高興的好消息，他在英語比賽中獲得了第一名。Muchtomydelightdelightsin/takesdelightinisdelightedtolistenwithdelightdelightedmewith能力提升——一句多譯我非常高興有機會通知你我們學校將舉辦音樂節。(2019·高考全國卷Ⅲ)②____________________________tohaveachancetoinformyouthatamusicfestivalwillbeheldinourschool.(delightedadj.)③______________________________Ihaveachancetoinformyouthatamusicfestivalwillbeheldinourschool.(delightvt.)④____________________________________，Ihaveachancetoinformyouthatamusicfestivalwillbeheldinourschool.(delightn．)IammorethandelightedWhatdelightsmemostisthatMuchtomydelight5．consistof

由……組成[文化金句]IhavelearnedthattheexhibitionconsistsofdozensofmasterpiecespaintedbyChinesefamousartists，suchasXuBeihong，QiBaishi，ZhangDaqianandetc.(2019·高考全國卷Ⅰ)我了解到這次展覽包括幾十幅中國著名藝術家的杰作，如徐悲鴻、齊白石、張大千等。[歸納拓展](1)consistof＝bemadeupof＝becomposedof由……組成consistin＝liein在于；存在于consistwith和……一致/相符(2)consistentadj.穩定發展的；一致的beconsistentwith與……一致的；符合的[實戰演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Thecompany____________________(consist)of15smallfactoriesisfacingaseriousfinancialcrisis.②Successconsists____theabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.consistingin能力提升——一句多譯這部短片由兩部分組成，介紹了我校的現狀。(2018·高考全國卷Ⅱ)③Theshortfilm，______________________________________________，introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.(定語從句)④Theshortfilm，

________________________________________，introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.(分詞短語作定語)[實戰貼士]consistof，belongto，comeintobeing等短語都不能用于被動語態和進行時態。whichconsistsof/ismadeupof/iscomposedoftwopartsconsistingof/madeupof/composedoftwoparts6．leaveout

省去；遺漏；刪去；不考慮；未顧及；忽略[寫作佳句]Nowonderyoucouldn'tgetthrough.You'veleftoutazerointhisphonenumber.難怪你打不通。你在這個電話號碼中漏掉了一個零。[歸納拓展]leave...alone不管；不理會；不干涉leaveaside擱置一邊leavebehind留下；忘帶；遺留leavefor動身到(某處)[實戰演練]基礎練透——一詞多義①Today，wewillbeginwherewestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.________②Youcanleaveoutthedetails.Justgiveusthemainfacts.____________③Don'tleavemeout，please！Iwanttogothere，too.______________漏掉刪去；省去不考慮；忽略能力提升——完成句子④Hewill____________________________________thatmightcausetrouble，andhewouldsay，“Letsleepingdogsalone.”他從來不干招惹是非的事，他會說：“莫惹是非”。⑤Iwonderwhythey__________________________________________.我納悶他們為什么不考慮如此重要的一個問題。leavealonethingsleftasidesuchanimportantquestion7．taketheplaceof

代替；取代[寫作佳句]Ithinkthatnothingcantaketheplaceofhardwork.我認為沒有什么能夠取代努力工作。[歸納拓展](1)takeone'splace代替；就位takeplace發生；舉行(2)inplace在適當的位置；適當inplaceof代替

[實戰演練]基礎練透——補全句子①Theeveningpartywill____________________(發生)onNewYear'sEve.②Tofindthemeasily，you‘dbetterputyourbooks________________(在適當的位置)．takeplaceinplace能力提升——一句多譯經理將要出差，我將代替他參加會議。③ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI'll__________________themeeting.④ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI'll______________________themeeting.⑤ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI'll_________________________________.takehisplacetoattendtaketheplaceofhimtoattendattendthemeetinginplaceofhim8．breakdown

(機器)損壞；破壞；(談判、計劃等)失敗；(關系)破裂；身體垮掉；(化學)分解[寫作佳句]Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreakdownindisasters.在災難中，當無線網絡出故障時，老式的電話就(顯得)很重要了。[歸納拓展]breakaway(from)掙脫(束縛)；脫離；擺脫breakinto闖入；破門而入breakout爆發；發生breakup驅散；拆開；分手；結束[實戰演練]基礎練透——一詞多義①Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.____________②Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyoualwaysstayuplate.____________③ItwasbadluckthatmycarbrokedownonthewaytoBeijing.______④Chemicalsinthebodybreakdownourfoodintousefulsubstances.____(談判)失敗(身體)垮掉出故障分解能力提升——詞匯升級⑤Theelevatordidn'tworkandwehadtowalkuptothetenthfloor.→Theelevator____________________andwehadtowalkuptothetenthfloor.brokedown9．Itseemedstrange/important...that...[教材原句]

ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.這似乎是一件怪事：這位發展了共產主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，并且在倫敦去世。[歸納拓展]在It＋be/seems＋strange/necessary/important/amiracle/apity/ashame/...that...句型中，that所引導的主語從句的謂語動詞常用“should＋動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣，should可以省略。強調過去的情況時可用“should＋havedone”形式，此時should表示“驚奇、懷疑、惋惜、理應如此”，意為“竟然；居然”。

[實戰演練]基礎練透——單句語法填空①Itisamiraclethatrice__________________________(grow)insuchaplace.能力提升——完成句子②Youcan'timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman___________________alady.你想象不出這么彬彬有禮的紳士竟然對一位女士如此粗魯。(should)growshouldbesorudeto③Itisagreatpitythattheyoungman____________________suchagoldenopportunity.真可惜，這位年輕人竟會失去這樣一個絕好的機會。shouldhavemissed[教材與高考]Ⅰ.閱讀理解障礙詞1．閱讀詞匯認知①(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.

②(2019·高考江蘇卷)There'sanewindoorplaycentre，plusthespecialeventsandworkshops，andothersduringschoolholidayperiods.

adj.始終如一的prep.和……③(2016·高考浙江卷)Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime，aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.

2．一詞多義(2018·高考北京卷)Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.__A．(機器)損壞B．(談判、計劃等)失敗C．(關系)破裂D．身體垮掉E．(化學)分解n.信用EⅡ.語言運用高頻點1．語法填空①(2020·高考全國卷Ⅱ)TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthe____________________(collect)intheMuseum.②(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvivid_____________(describe)ofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.collectiondescription③(2019·高考北京卷)Another______________________(possible)isthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam，someplayersmaymakelesseffort.④(2018·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Ifoundmyselfincreasingly__________________(willing)todragmyselftodanceperformances，soIquit.⑤(2018·高考全國卷Ⅲ)Dawsondidnothaveanyofthenatural__________(convenient)ofcitieslikeLondonorParis.possibilityunwillingconveniences2．完形填空(2020·高考全國卷Ⅰ)Iwonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomattertheconsequences.Ihaveaverystrongfearthattheliewe'retellingisdoingspiritualdamagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave____________metaphorical(比喻)meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.A．traditional

B．importantC．double D．original53解析：本段中，作者將“機會”比喻為“門”，而生活中的機會對于每個人來說都是“重要的”，因此，在生活中，門和窗戶有著“重要的”比喻意義。故選B。答案：BⅢ.書面表達亮點練1．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)當他發現這一切都是屬于他的時候，他高興得幾乎說不出話來，但他那燦爛的笑容卻說明了一切。(delighted)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．(2020·高考全國卷Ⅱ)一進入農場，我們就被它的清潔和豐富的水果品種所吸引。(attract)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whenhefoundthatitwasalltobehis,hewassodelightedthathecouldhardlyspeak,buthisbrightsmilingfacespokeforhim.Uponenteringthefarm,wewereattractedbyitscleannessandrichvarietiesoffruit.3．(重慶卷)在我看來，在我們現實生活中我們應該重視我們的朋友，而不是手機，這一點很重要。(itbe＋adj.＋that...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Inmyopinion，itisimportantthatwe(should)valueourfriendsinsteadofphonesinourreallife.