附錄互聯網可靠性信息系統外文翻譯文獻PAGE16互聯網可靠性信息系統外文翻譯文獻(文檔含中英文對照即英文原文和中文翻譯)原文：TheReliabilityofInternet-BasedInformationSystem

Summaryofpapersfocusedonthereliabilityoftheinformationsystemwiththewideareanetworkandserverstructuredevelopment.ExistingcustomersofthesystemandanamendmenttothetransformationserverHTTPtasktoperformanalysisandadvancedgraphics.Atthesametime,thearticleisalsoontheglobalinformationnetworkandthetechnicalbackground,aswellas,client/serversystemsanalysisexplained.Withsystemsdevelopment,designengineersandreliabilityanalystscanmorequicklyandeasilyonananalysisofthereliabilityofthesystem.Keywords:informationsystem,WWW,client/serverarchitecture,thereliabilityof1.Theintroductionofinformationsystemshaveawiderangeofpracticalapplication,itcanbeusefulforthejudgetomakeadecisivestrategy.Isgenerallybelievedthattheinformationsystemisbuiltonthemodeloftheorganizationalstructureofaparticulardataflow.Inreliabilityengineering,researchersintheaccessanddataanalysiswillbesomedifficulties.Thesystemdevelopmentprocessistheaccumulationofdatafromthemajorityofanalyststoobtainthereliability.Inthecomponentdata,computerfailurerateforeachcomponent,theapplication-specificdata(forexample,theimportanceoftheapplication,functionofthenumberofpins,andsoon.)Developersforthedesignofthesystemareveryimportantintermsof.Institutionsintheorganization,client/serverarchitecturehasbeenintegratedasagoodwayofcomputerdata.Withthetraditionalfocusonthecomputerenvironment,theclient/serverenvironment,userssharedata,applications,areeasiertodealwiththeprocess[1].Abilitytoworkdependsonthebalanceoftheapplicationofclient/serversystem,animportantrole.

SupportthedevelopmentoftheInternetasaninteractivedatadisplayanddistributionofthemeansoftransmission.Internetclientandserverinteractioninthestandardizationofinformationwasagreatsuccess.Similarly,inthedevelopmentofclientandserversoftwareornetworkprotocol,ifnotrequirespecialresources,Internet-basedsystemcanquicklycreate.

Inthischapter,weexplainedtheInternet-basedandclient/servertechnologytoachievethereliabilityofinformationsystems.ChapterIIprovidesanoverviewofclient/servercomputinginresponsetotheInternet.ChapterIIIdescribesthereliabilityofinformationsystemsimplementationdetails,andChapterIVoffurtherstudyweresummarizedanddiscussed.

2.Internetandclient/serverarchitecture

Client/serverstructureoftherelationshipbetweenthetwoprocessescanbesaidtoberunninganumberoftasksincooperation.Itsupportstheintegrityofinformationsystemsandscalability[2].Lyu(1995)demonstratedthattheclient/serverstructureofthefouradvantages:costreduction,productivityimprovement,systemlifecycleavailabilityofalongerandbetter.Therefore,client/serversystemarchitectureisconsideredaviablestructureofinformationsystems.

WiththedevelopmentoftheInternettoachieveclient/serverstructureofthesimplestpossiblewayoutisthetaskoftheclientsoftwareisdisplayedandtheformatoftheinformationobtainedfromtheserverusingawebbrowser.Manybibliographicretrievalsystemisthetypicalexample.Inawebbrowserasaclientaccesstoanexistingclient/serverplatform,onlyaclassofsystemcode(HTMLandhelpcode)needtomaintain.

Butforothersystems,theclientsoftwareonbehalfoftheserverintheimplementationofadditionaltasksorusers,theco-ordinationmechanismsneedawebbrowser-basedclienttorunthesejobs.AtypicalsolutionistousetheCommonGatewayInterface(CGI)program.However,duetovariousreasons,thisapproachisnotsatisfactory..InaCGI-basedsystem,allareusuallyhandledbytheclienttaskmustbesimulatedbytheCGIprogram.Increasetheburdenontheserver.AnotherfromthestandardInternetbrowseraccesstoclient/serverapplicationsisinventedbytheDossickandKaiser[3].TheyhaveputforwardaHTTPproxytoconnecttotheexistingclient/servernetworksystem.HTTPproxytointerceptHTTPrequestsfordataandusetheoriginalsetofrequestsfortheirtransfertothesourcesystem.

TheuseofAPIsissimilartoNetscape'sembeddedbrowser-specifictoolstocreateclient/serversystem,browser-basedclientisfeasible.However,theuseofsuchAPIsgeneratedbytheWeb-basedclientsoftwaretolimittheuseofaproprietaryplatform,aswellasadedicatedwebbrowser.UnnecessaryrestrictionswhichoffsetalotofclientstocreateWeb-basedbenefits.

3.System

ElectronicsandTelecommunicationsResearchInstitute(ETRI)hasdevelopedERISiscalledthereliabilityofinformationsystems.Itcanbesynthesizedusingacomputersystemfailurerateandreliabilityofthecalculation[4].ERISclientsincludeproceduresbythetwoneutralcomponents,theyaredifferenthardwareplatforms:workstationsandpersonalcomputers.NotfamiliarwiththeUNIXenvironment,userswillbeinconvenienttouse.

NeedstobenotedthatthereliabilityofsoftwaretoolsmadebyBirolini.Inordertobecomeusefultotheusersoftware,asopposedtootherrequirements,alargeenoughdatabaseisveryimportant.Instand-aloneenvironment,theusercanhaveanindependentdatastorage.Thiswillbeawasteofcomputerresourcesandtime.Mostexistingtoolsareindependent,tosharedatabetweenusersinconvenient.BasedontheaboveintheERIStestrequirementsandtheviewscollected,wesetthefollowingelements:

-Friendlyuserinterface:man-machineinterfacefortheeffectivehandlinglargeamountsofdataisveryimportant.Atthesametime,hisunderstandingoftheresultsoftheanalysisisveryhelpful.

-Openness:informationservicesmustbewidelyused.Openthesameend-usersinthereliabilityoftheinformationcanbeusedintheclienteasyaccesstootherapplications.

-Datasharing:OncepartofthedataintotheDBMS,thenthisdatashouldbesharedbyotherusers.

-UserManagement:Userinformationisstoredcaneffectivelydealwiththeincreaseinusers.

-Security:safedesignmustbeappropriatetoconsiderthedesigndatainordertopreventtheoutsideworldopen.Onlythosewithonlythecorrectuseridentificationnumber(ID)andpasswordoftheusertoenterthedatabaseserver.

Basedontheabove-mentionedrequirements,ERISfunctionsofthedevelopmentofthefollowing.Thesystemisdividedintothefollowingtwocategories:user/databasemanagementandreliabilityanalysis.

WeareacombinationofmethodstoconnecttotheInternetaswellasthesourceclient/serverstructureofthedevelopmentofERIS.Webbrowserinthedisplayandformattinginformationcanbeusedeffectivelyforallusers.WebbrowsermanagementconceptsusedforERIS.ERISallowsmanagementthroughtheuser'swebbrowserapplication.HomeuserscanapplyforERISthroughtheuseofID.Oncehis/herregistrationIDintheuserdatabase,he/shecanbeinanyplacetodownloadtheclientprogramERIS.

ERIS'stherealizationofclientsimilartoWindowsprogram.Conducivetotheserverthroughtheclienttodealwiththeoriginalfunction-specificapplications.Theyhaveabetterandeasytostoreauser-friendlyinterface,inordertomergethereliabilityoflearning,providethemwithagoodquerytothedesignprocess.ServerprocessandclientprocessesisinlinewiththeTCP/IPprotocolstandarddatarequirements.ERISprovidesmewithInternetandclient/serverarchitectureofthecompositestructure.CGIandCOMservershavetwoprocesses.CGIsolutioncomponentsfromawebbrowserclienttoissuetheHTTPrequestandreturnthecorrespondingresults.COMistomanagetheprocessofdatalinkrequest.Thereisatemporarydatabaseerrorfiltercomponentsanduserinformation.Onlyauthenticatedusersandtheinformationdatacanberegistered.

UNIXserveroperatingsystemistheuseofworkstations,theclientisthePC.Informixdatabasemanagementsystemusedtomanageusersanddata.ServerprocessthroughtheESQL/Clanguage.ClientthroughtheMSVisualC++andDelphidevelopmenttoolsfordevelopment.

4.Conclusion

ERISistodesignengineersandreliabilityanalystswidelyuseddevelopmentsystem.SuccessionthroughacombinationofInternetandclient/serverstructureoftheconcept,wehavethescopeinthedesignoftheengine,setupquicklytounderstandthereliabilityofthedesignenvironment.ThroughtheuseoftheInternet,thedistributionoftimetoinstallatooltoreducealotthanbefore.ERISalsoviatheInternettoprovideservicestootherorganizations.InternettechnologydevelopmentandwillstimulatepopularInternet-basedsystemtothetraditionalclient/serversystemchanges.譯文：基于互聯網的可靠性信息系統論文主要討論的是信息可靠性系統隨著廣域網和服務器構造的發展。對系統中現有客戶和服務器進行修正改造來執行HTTP任務和高級制圖分析。同時，文章還對全球信息網的技術背景和關系，以及,客戶機/服務器系統做了解釋分析。藉由系統開發，設計工程師和可信度分析家可以更為方便快捷地對系統的可靠性進行分析。

關鍵字：信息系統，WWW，客戶機/服務器結構，可靠性

1.引言

信息系統有廣泛的實際應用性，它還可以對決定性策略做出有用判斷。一般認為，信息系統是構建在某一特定組織結構模型數據流程。在可靠性工程學中，研究員在存取和數據分析方面會有一些困難.系統開發過程中積累的多數數據都是從可靠性分析家那里獲取的。在成份數據中,計算機每個成份的故障率時，特定應用數據(舉例來說,應用的重要程度，功能引腳的數字,等等.)對于系統開發者的設計來講都是很重要的。

在組織機構中，客戶端/服務器結構被視為整合計算機數據的好方法。與傳統集中計算機環境相比，在客戶端/服務器環境下，用戶共享數據、應用、處理進程都更加容易[1]。平衡工作的能力取決于應用是客戶端/服務器系統的重要角色。互聯網發展成為了支持交互式數據顯示及分發的傳輸手段。互聯網在客戶端與服務器交互信息的標準化方面獲得了巨大成功。同樣，在發展客戶端與服務器軟件或網絡協議時，如果沒有要求特殊資源，基于互聯網的系統可以迅速被創造。在本章，我們闡述了基于互聯網和客戶端/服務器技術的可靠性信息系統的實現。第二章概述了客戶端/服務器計算的互聯網響應。第三章介紹了可靠性信息系統的實現細節，并在第四章進行了進一步的研究總結和討論。2.互聯網和客戶端/服務器結構客戶機/服務器結構的關系可以說是兩個進程合作運行一些任務。它支持信息系統的完整性和可擴充性[2]。Lyu(1995)論證了客戶端/服務器結構的四項優勢：成本降低、生產率提高、系統生命周期較長以及更好的可用性。因此，客戶端/服務器系統結構被認為是一個可行的信息系統結構。隨著互聯網的發展，實現客戶端/服務器結構的最簡單的方法，就是在客戶端軟件的任務不過是顯示及格式化從服務器取得的信息時使用網絡瀏覽器。很多書目檢索系統就是代表性的例子。在網絡瀏覽器作為客戶端存取一個已存在的客戶端/服務器系統的平臺時，只有一類系統代碼（HTML和幫助代碼）需要維護。但對于其他系統，客戶端軟件在執行代表服務器或用戶的額外任務的時候，協調機制需要為基于網絡瀏覽器的客戶端運行這些工作。典型的解決辦法是使用通用網關接口(CGI)程序。但由于種種原因，這一方法并不理想.。在一個基于CGI的系統中，所有通常由客戶端處理的任務必須由CGI程序模擬。因此增加了服務器的負擔。另一種從標準互聯網瀏覽器獲得客戶端/服務器應用的方法是由Dossick和Kaiser發明的[3]。他們提出了一項以HTTP代理連接已存在的客戶端/服務器網絡系統的計劃。HTTP代理攔截HTTP數據請求，并使用原始設定把他們的請求轉移向源系統。使用類似于Netscape的嵌入式APIs的瀏覽器專用工具創建客戶端/服務器系統的基于瀏覽器的客戶端是可行的。不過，使用這種APIs把產生的基于網絡客戶端軟件的使用限制在了專用平臺以及專用網絡瀏覽器上。這種不必要的限制抵消了很多創建基于網絡客戶端的好處。3.系統實施電子電信研究所(ETRI)開發了叫做ERIS的可靠性信息系統。它可以使用計算機進行合成系統的失誤率以及可靠性的計算[4]。ERIS的客戶端程序包括由兩個中立程序組成，他們處于不同的硬件平