新概念英語學(xué)習(xí)筆記lesson12【課文】Firstlistenandthenanswerthefollowingquestion.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。Whyistherenorisktothecustomerwhenabankprintsthecustomer'snameonhischeques?Whenanyoneopensacurrentaccountatabank,heislendingthebankmoney,repaymentofwhichhemaydemandatanytime,eitherincashorbydrawingachequeinfavourofanotherperson.Primarily,thebanker-customerrelationshipisthatofdebtorandcreditor--whoiswhichdependingonwhetherthecustomer'saccountisincreditorisoverdrawn.But,inadditiontothatbasicallysimpleconcept,thebankanditscustomerowealargenumberofobligationstooneanother.Manyoftheseobligationscangiverisetoproblemsandcomplicationsbutabankcustomer,unlike,say,abuyerofgoods,cannotcomplainthatthelawisloadedagainsthim.Thebankmustobeyitscustomer'sinstructions,andnotthoseofanyoneelse.When,forexample,acustomerfirstopensanaccount,heinstructsthebanktodebithisaccountonlyinrespectofchequesdrawnbyhimself.Hegivesthebankspecimensofhissignature,andthereisaveryfirmrulethatthebankhasnorightorauthoritytopayoutacustomer'smoneyonachequeonwhichitscustomer'ssignaturehasbeenforged.Itmakesnodifferencethattheforgerymayhavebeenaveryskilfulone:thebankmustrecognizeitscustomer'ssignature.Forthisreasonthereisnorisktothecustomerinthepractice,adoptedbybanks,ofprintingthecustomer'snameonhischeques.Ifthisfacilitatesforgery,itisthebankwhichwilllose,notthecustomer.GORDONBARRIEandAUBREYL.DLAMONDTheConsumerSocietyandtheLaw【Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語】currentadj.通用的，流行的accountn.賬戶cashn.現(xiàn)金chequen.支票debtorn.借方creditorn.貸方obligationn.義務(wù)complicationn.糾紛debitv.把...記入借方specimenn.樣本forgev.偽造forgeryn.偽造(文件，簽名等)adoptv.采用facilitatev.使便利【課文注釋】1.openacurrentaccount，開一個(gè)活期賬號(hào)。①current作名詞，(水、氣)流;電流例句：Theswimmerwassweptawaybythecurrent.那個(gè)游泳的人被激流卷走了。例句：Thisbuttonswitchesthecurrenton.這個(gè)電鈕接通電流。②current作形容詞，當(dāng)下的，現(xiàn)在的例句：Thiswordisnolongerincurrentuse.這個(gè)詞現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再使用。currentaccount=checkingaccount，活期賬戶③currency作名詞，貨幣例句：Thepresidentproclaimedthatanewcurrencywouldbeissued.總統(tǒng)宣布將發(fā)行新貨幣。2.drawachequeinfavorof...，開一張以……為收款人的支票。infavorof表示贊成，支持，有利于：Ifyouareinfavorofsomething,yousupportitandthinkthatitisagoodthing.例句：Publicopinionwasmovingstronglyinfavorofdisarmament.公眾輿論正在強(qiáng)烈支持裁軍。3.whoiswhichdependingon...isoverdrawn，這是現(xiàn)在分詞短語dependingon...isoverdrawn的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。whoiswhich是分詞短語意思上的主語，which代表debtororcreditor。4.oweto欠人錢;歸功于……。①Ifyouowemoneytosomeone,theyhavelentittoyouandyouhavenotyetpaiditback.欠某人錢(或貨物)。例句：Thecompanyowesmoneytomorethan60banks.這家公司欠了60幾家銀行的錢。②owesthto...將某事物歸因﹑歸源或歸功于……。例句：Heoweshissuccessmoretoluckthantoability.他認(rèn)為他的成功是靠運(yùn)氣而不是因?yàn)樽约河心芰Α?.giveriseto，引起，導(dǎo)致。和cause/resultin意思相近，但giveriseto后面加名詞。例句:Theman'sfurtivemannergaverisetothesuspicionofthetheftamongthepolicemen.那個(gè)男人鬼鬼祟祟的樣子，引起警察懷疑盜竊案是他作的案。6.beloadedagainst...，于……不利。loadthediceagainstsb(通常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài))：使某人處不利地位。例句：Havinglostbothhisparentswhenhewasachild,healwaysfeltthatthedicewereloadedagainsthim.他因自小失去雙親，總覺得處處受人欺負(fù)。7.inrespectof關(guān)于，就……而言。例句：Thebookisadmirableinrespectofstyle.這本書風(fēng)格極佳。respected被人尊敬的respectable值得尊敬的respectful尊敬他人的respective分別的，各自的8.facilitate使更容易發(fā)生。Tofacilitateanactionorprocess,especiallyonethatyouwouldliketohappen,meanstomakeiteasierormorelikelytohappen.例句：Itwouldfacilitatemattersifyouweremoreco-operative.要是你再合作些就省事了。【參考譯文】任何人在銀行開一個(gè)活期賬戶，就等于把錢借給了銀行。這筆錢他可以隨時(shí)提取，提取的方式可以是取現(xiàn)金，也可以是開一張以他人為收款人的支票。銀行與儲(chǔ)戶的關(guān)系主要是債務(wù)人和債權(quán)人的關(guān)系。究竟誰是債務(wù)人誰是債權(quán)人，要看儲(chǔ)戶是有結(jié)余還是透支。除了這一基本的簡單的概念外，銀行和儲(chǔ)戶彼此還需承擔(dān)大量義務(wù)。其中許多義務(wù)往往引起問題和糾紛。但是儲(chǔ)戶不能像貨物的買主那樣來抱怨法律對自己不利。銀行