SectionIUseofSectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica’spopulation.1,homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentscan’tpossibly2.Tohelphomelesspeople3independence,thefederalgovernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms,4theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.5everyoneagreesonthenumberofAmericanswhoarehomeless.Estimates6anywherefrom600,000to3million.7thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis8.Oneofthefederalgovernment’sstudies9thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.Findingwaysto10thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.11whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda12thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday13thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,14notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday15skillsneededtoturntheirlives16.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare17programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.18EdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,19it,“Therehastobe20ofprograms.What’sneededisapackage2.[A]stand3.[A]in4.[A]raise6.[A]cover7.[A]Nowthat8.[A]inflating9.[A]predicts10.[A]assist11.[A]Hence12.[A]lodging14.[A]when15.[A]life16.[A]around17.[A]complex18.[A]So19.[A]20.[A][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][D][D][D][D][D][D][D]Except[D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D][B][B][B][C][C][C][D][D][D]1SectionIIReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourSectionIIReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].youranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40TextInspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite”thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday’simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofthepopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation—language,homeownershipandintermarriage.The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish‘well’or‘verywell’aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaasa“graveyard”forlanguages.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S.-bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation’sassimilativepower.”AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica’sturbulentpast,today’ssocialindiceshardlysuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.21.Theword“homogenizing”(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans [A][C][B][D]22.Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcentury [A]playedaroleinthespreadofpopular[C]satisfiedtheneedsofaknowledgeable[B]becameintimateshopsforcommon[D]oweditsemergencetothecultureof23.ThetextsuggeststhatimmigrantsnowintheU.S. [A]areresistantto[C]arehardlyathreattothecommon[B]exertagreatinfluenceonAmerican[D]constitutethemajorityofthe224.WhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerand24.WhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooksmentionedinParagraph[A]Toprovetheirpopularityaroundthe[C]Togiveexamplesofsuccessful[B]Torevealthepublic’sfearof[D]ToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmerican25.Intheauthor’sopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansocietyis [A][C][B][D]TextStratford-on-Avon,asweallknow,hasonlyoneindustry—WilliamShakespeare—buttherearetwodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostilebranches.ThereistheRoyalShakespeareCompany(RSC),whichpresentssuperbproductionsoftheplaysattheShakespeareMemorialTheatreontheAvon.Andtherearethetownsfolkwholargelyliveoffthetouristswhocome,nottoseetheplays,buttolookatAnneHathaway’sCottage,Shakespeare’sbirthplaceandtheothersights.TheworthyresidentsofStratforddoubtthatthetheatreaddsapennytotheirrevenue.TheyfranklydisliketheRSC’sactors,themwiththeirlonghairandbeardsandsandalsandnoisiness.It’salldeliciouslyironicwhenyouconsiderthatShakespeare,whoearnstheirliving,washimselfanactor(withabeard)anddidhisshareofnoise-making.Thetouriststreamsarenotentirelyseparate.Thesightseerswhocomebybus—andoftentakeinWarwickCastleandBlenheimPalaceontheside—don’tusuallyseetheplays,andsomeofthemareevensurprisedtofindatheatreinStratford.However,theplaygoersdomanagealittlesight-seeingalongwiththeirplaygoing.Itistheplaygoers,theRSCcontends,whobringinmuchofthetown’srevenuebecausetheyspendthenight(someofthemfourorfivenights)pouringcashintothehotelsandrestaurants.Thesightseerscantakeineverythingandgetoutoftownbynightfall.Thetownsfolkdon’tseeitthiswayandthelocalcouncildoesnotcontributedirectlytothesubsidyoftheRoyalShakespeareCompany.Stratfordcriespoortraditionally.Neverthelesseveryhotelintownseemstobeaddinganewwingorcocktaillounge.Hiltonisbuildingitsownhotelthere,whichyoumaybesurewillbedecoratedwithHamletHamburgerBars,theLearLounge,theBanquoBanquetingRoom,andsoforth,andwillbeveryexpensive.Anyway,thetownsfolkcan’tunderstandwhytheRoyalShakespeareCompanyneedsasubsidy.(Thetheatrehasbrokenattendancerecordsforthreeyearsinarow.Lastyearits1,431seatswere94percentoccupiedallyearlongandthisyearthey’lldobetter.)Thereason,ofcourse,isthatcostshaverocketedandticketpriceshavestayedlow.ItwouldbeashametoraisepricestoomuchbecauseitwoulddriveawaytheyoungpeoplewhoareStratford’smostattractiveclientele.Theycomeentirelyfortheplays,notthesights.Theyallseemtolookalike(thoughtheycomefromallover)—lean,pointed,dedicatedfaces,wearingjeansandsandals,eatingtheirbunsandbeddingdownforthenightontheflagstonesoutsidethetheatretobuythe20seatsand80standing-roomticketsheldforthesleepersandsoldtothemwhentheboxofficeopensat10:30a.m.26.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,welearnthat thetownsfolkdenytheRSC’scontributiontothetown’stheactorsoftheRSCimitateShakespeareonandoffthetwobranchesoftheRSCarenotongoodthetownsfolkearnlittlefrom27.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that thesightseerscannotvisittheCastleandthePalacetheplaygoersspendmoremoneythanthethesightseersdomoreshoppingthanthetheplaygoersgotonootherplacesintownthanthe328.Bysaying“Stratfordcriespoortraditionally”(Line2,Paragraph28.Bysaying“Stratfordcriespoortraditionally”(Line2,Paragraph4),theauthorimpliesthat [A]Stratfordcannotaffordtheexpansion[C]thetownisnotreallyshortof[B]Stratfordhaslongbeeninfinancial[D]thetownsfolkusedtobepoorly29.Accordingtothetownsfolk,theRSCdeservesnosubsidybecause [A]ticketpricescanberaisedtocoverthe[C]thebehavioroftheactorsisnotsocially[B]thecompanyisfinanciallyill-[D]thetheatreattendanceisonthe30.Fromthetextwecanconcludethattheauthor [A]issupportiveofboth[C]takesadetached[B]favorsthetownsfolk’s[D]issympathetictotheTextWhenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals:theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans.Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfacenturyofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactualbiomass(theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter)offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,butratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen.Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthesefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishingtechnologyhasimproved.Today’svesselscanfindtheirpreyusingsatellitesandsonar,whichwerenotavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlineswouldhavebeenmoresaturatedwithfish.Someindividualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhookswouldhavebeenavailabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearlydaysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolongeraproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundDr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,thatofthe“shiftingbaseline”.Thenotionisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhavehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothepast.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthemaximumsustainableyieldthatcanbecroppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodo31.Theextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggestthat largeanimalswerevulnerabletothechangingsmallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalslargeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreatslow-growingfishoutlivefast-growing32.WecaninferfromDr.MyersandDr.Worm’spaperthat thestockoflargepredatorsinsomeoldfisherieshasreducedbythereareonlyhalfasmanyfisheriesastherewere15years4thecatchsizesinnewfisheriesarethecatchsizesinnewfisheriesareonly20%oftheoriginalthenumberoflargepredatorsdroppedfasterinnewfisheriesthaninthe33.Bysaying“thesefiguresareconservative”(Line1,paragraph3),Dr.Wormmeansthat [A]fishingtechnologyhasimproved[C]themarinebiomasshassufferedagreater[B]thencatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthan[D]thedatacollectedsofarareoutof34.Dr.Myersandotherresearchersholdthat peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcanworkforalongerfisheriesshouldkeeptheiryieldsbelow50%ofthetheoceanbiomassshouldberestoredtoitsoriginalpeopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetothechanging35.Theauthorseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmostfisheries’ [A]management[C]catch-size[B]biomass[D]technologicalTextManythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweird.Buttheweirdestmaybethis:artists’onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.Thiswasn’talwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward,moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,phonyor,worstofall,boring,aswewentfromWordsworth’sdaffodilstoBaudelaire’sflowersofevil.Youcouldarguethatartbecamemoreskepticalofhappinessbecausemoderntimeshaveseensomuchmisery.Butit’snotasifearliertimesdidn’tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.Thereason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoomuchdamnhappinessintheworldtoday.Afterall,whatistheonemodernformofexpressionalmostcompletelydedicatedtodepictingAdvertising.Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.Butwhatweforget—whatoureconomydependsonusforgetting—isthathappinessismorethanpleasurewithoutpain.Thethingsthatbringthegreatestjoycarrythegreatestpotentialforlossanddisappointment.Today,surroundedbypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedarttotellus,asreligiononcedid,Mementomori:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends,andthathappinesscomesnotindenyingthisbutinlivingwithit.It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.36.BycitingtheexamplesofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshowthat [A]poetryisnotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingor5artgrowsoutofbothpositiveartgrowsoutofbothpositiveandnegativepoetstodayarelessskepticalofartistshavechangedtheirfocusof37.Theword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething [A][B][C][D]38.Intheauthor’sopinion,advertising emergesinthewakeoftheanti-happyisacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralreplacethechurchasamajorsourceofcreatesanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappiness39.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves happinessmoreoftenthannotendsintheanti-happyartisdistastefulbutmiseryshouldbeenjoyedratherthantheanti-happyartflourisheswheneconomy40.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheReligiononcefunctionedasareminderofArtprovidesabalancebetweenexpectationandPeoplefeeldisappointedattherealitiesofmodernMassmediaareinclinedtocoverdisastersandPartBInthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofnumberedgaps.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)OnthenorthbankoftheOhioriversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximately$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer,a“FunCard”,whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheuser’sgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,theseactivitiesbecomewhathecalls“electronicheroin”.(41) .In1997helost$21,000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdockedat5a.m.,thenwentbackaboardwhenthecasinoopenedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitknewhewasaddicted.Itdidknowhehadaproblem.InMarch1998afriendofWilliams’sgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliams’sgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsamongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthe“medical/psychological”natureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell-6(42) TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:(42) TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:“Enjoythefun...andalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”Everyentranceticketlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromtheIndianaDepartmentofMentalHealth.Nevertheless,Williams’ssuitchargesthatthecasino,knowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling,”intentionallyworkedto“lure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill.”Well.(43) ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthethrilloftakingrisksinquestofawindfall. .Pushedbyscience,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsaspersonalitydisordersakintophysicaldisabilities.(45) Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependenton—youmightsayaddictedto—revenuesfromwagering.AndsincethefirstInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblers’dollarshasbecomeintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweekreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweek.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInternetwagersthisyear,gamblinghaspassedpornographyastheWeb’smostprofitablebusiness.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.AndinwhatsensewashiswillBythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthe$5,500,buthedidnotGamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaistheDavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonItisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofwill.Theanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.evenifthegovernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingCReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)IsittruethattheAmericanintellectualisrejectedandconsideredofnoaccountinhissociety?Iamgoingtosuggestthatitisnottrue.FatherBruckbergertoldpartofthestorywhenheobservedthatitistheintellectualswhohaverejectedAmerica.Buttheyhavedonemorethanthat.Theyhavegrowndissatisfiedwiththeroleoftheintellectual.Itisthey,notAmerica,whohavebecomeanti-intellectual.First,theobjectofourstudypleadsfordefinition.Whatisanintellectual?(46)IshalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginaSocratic(蘇格拉底)wayaboutmoralproblems.Heexploressuchproblemsconsciously,articulately,andfrankly,firstbyaskingfactualquestions,thenbyaskingmoralquestions,finallybysuggestingactionwhichseemsappropriateinthelightofthefactualand7informationwhichhehasobtained.(47)Hisfunctionisanalogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamatteraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.Thisdefinitionexcludesmanyindividualsusuallyreferredtoasintellectuals—theaveragescientist,forone.(48)Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehisaccomplishmentsmaycontributetothesolutionofmoralproblems,hehasinformationwhichhehasobtained.(47)Hisfunctionisanalogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamatteraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.Thisdefinitionexcludesmanyindividualsusuallyreferredtoasintellectuals—theaveragescientist,forone.(48)Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehisaccomplishmentsmaycontributetothesolutionofmoralproblems,hehasnotbeenchargedwiththetaskofapproachinganybutthefactualaspectsofthoseproblems.Likeotherhumanbeings,heencountersmoralissuesevenintheeverydayperformanceofhisroutineduties—heisnotsupposedtocookhisexperiments,manufactureevidence,ordoctorhisreports.(49)Buthisprimarytaskisnottothinkaboutthemoralcodewhichgovernshisactivity,anymorethanabusinessmanisexpectedtodedicatehisenergiestoanexplorationofrulesofconductinbusiness.Duringmostofhiswakinglifehewilltakehiscodeforgranted,asthebusinessmantakeshisethics.Thedefinitionalsoexcludesthemajorityofteachers,despitethefactthatteachinghastraditionallybeenthemethodwherebymanyintellectualsearntheirliving.(50)Theymayteachverywell,andmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthemmakelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment.Thisdescriptionevenfitsthemajorityofeminentscholars.Beinglearnedinsomebranchofhumanknowledgeisonething;livingin“publicandillustriousthoughts,”asEmersonwouldsay,issomethingSectionIIIPartYouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan.Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEETDonotsignyournameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”Donotwritetheaddress.(10PartStudythefollowingphotoscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoudescribethephotosinterpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythem,giveyourpointofYoushouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(2082006年全國碩2006年全國碩士研究生招生考試英語（一）SectionIUseof一、文章結構分本文介紹了美國無家可歸者日益增多這個社會問題。第一、二段分析問題的嚴重性，指出在美國無家可歸者二、試題具體解Indeed實際上(表肯定和強調Likewise同樣地(表類比Therefore因此(表因Furthermore而且(表遞進【答案】【考點】邏輯搭【難度系數】只有選項A。故答案為A。stand容忍，經approve同意，贊retain保留，保【答案】【考點】詞義辨【難度系數】【解析空所在的句意為：無家可歸問題已經達到了如此的規模，以至于地方政府都不能。從句意可以看出【答案】【考點】詞法搭【難度系數】9【解析】【解析】helphelpsb.indigsth，表示“幫np.h兩者代入文中，語意上講不通。for表示目的，幫助某人，前面不定式已經表示了目的，“為了幫助無家可歸的人為了獨立”語意也不通。toward。raise提take拿keep保【答案】【考點】詞匯搭【難度系數】而這種措施必然是改進措施，對于工資來說，改善的條件自然是提高工資，表示漲工資只有A項。generally一般，通almost幾乎，差不hardly剛剛，幾乎not【答案】【考點】邏輯搭【難度系數】【解析】空所在的句子顯然是表達人們對無家可歸者的數量看法，后面談到人們的看法600,000到3million不cover覆change改變，交differ不【答案】【考點】詞匯搭【難度系數】【解析從該句中“from600,000to3million”判斷出，這里應該表示對數字的估計范圍。四個選項，可以表示范圍的詞只有C，range常與from…to搭配表示“從……到……范圍”。故正確答案為C。Although雖然，盡Provided倘【答案】【考點】邏輯【難【難度系數】【解析】系，能表示這一關系的詞只有B，故答案為B。inflating膨脹，鼓氣expanding擴大，增加extending擴充，延【答案】【考點】詞義辨【難度系數】【解析】從文章前面的內容可以看出，雖然人們在無家可歸者的具體數量上有分歧，但在增加的趨勢方面是一increasingC。displays陳列，展discovers發【答案】【考點】詞義辨【難度系數】assist幫track跟【答案】【考點】詞匯搭【難度系數】But但Only只【答案】【考點】邏輯搭【難度系數】的大部分人仍然在大街上流浪。這兩句顯然構成讓步關系，C符合語境，故答案為C。lodgingdwelling住所，公【答案】【考點】詞義辨【難度系數】searching搜索，探crowding擁擠，群wandering徘徊，亂【答案】【考點】詞義辨【難度系數】【解四個選項中，B和D比較接近stroll指很閑適的散步，顯然無家可歸者不可能還能很閑適地在大街上散步，而wandering表示一種漫無目的的游蕩，很適合形容這些無家可歸者，因此答案為D。once一【答案】【考點】邏輯搭【難度系數】歸者是由于精神方面的疾病，這里談到精神正常的人也有無家可歸者，兩者形成對比，故本空選擇C合適，表示對existence存在，生survival幸存，生maintenance維持【答案】【考點】詞匯搭【難度系數】0們生活在社會的最底層，所缺乏的當然是謀求生存的技能，C符合這一狀況，故答案為C。(turn)around使轉身，使(turn)over使翻轉，仔細考慮，移【考點習慣搭【難度系數】【解析】結合句意，這里表達的應該是使他們生活變好，四個詞組中，只complexcomprehensive綜合complementarycompensating補償【答案】【考點】詞匯搭【難度系數】A表達這個意思，故答案為A【解析】從句子結構可以看出，填入的是修飾program的，這是怎么樣的一個program呢？后面的定語從句有說明，這program可以解決無家可歸者許多需求，那么四個選項當中能滿足這一要求的只有B項，故答案為So因Since自從；因為As正Thus因【答案】【考點】邏輯搭【難度系數】【解析】這個空要結合其后面的內容，上句談到comprehensiveprogram，后面一句談到的apackagedeal，puts提出；說，表makes【答案】【考點】習慣搭【難度系數】【解析【難度系數】【解析本題解析參見第18題supervision監manipulation操regulation調coordination協【答案】【考點】詞匯搭【難度系數】三、全文翻大家對于美國到底有多少無家可歸者的意見并不一致，估計數量在60萬到300萬之間。盡管人們估計的數字可在這個十年結束之前，無家可歸者的數量將接近1900萬。可能得到改善。用馬薩諸塞州本特里學院社區服務部主任愛德華·茲羅特科瓦斯克的話來說就是：“各種規劃必協調運行，我們需要的是一攬子計劃。PartText一、文章結構與內容分本文是一篇議論文。文章中心討論了美國的文化對移民的強大同化能力。第一段介紹了美國大眾文化的特點二、試題具體分21．第一段第二行的單詞“homogenizing”最可能的含義 識別，確識別，確聯系，聯吸收，同獨占，壟【答案】【考點】詞義句【難度系數】【解析】詞匯所在的語境是：不管我們如何喋喋不休地談論了差別，美國社會實際上是一臺homogenizing機器，前句和后句形成讓步關系，前句談到差別，作為讓步結構，下句必然談到相似或一致的內容，選項中只有C項assimilating符合題意，故答案為C。22．根據作者的觀點，19世紀的百貨商 在傳播大眾文化方面發揮了作成為接待普通消費者的人情味十足的小商滿足了知識精英階層的需出現的原因是消費文【答案】【考點】事實細【難度系數】23．這篇文章暗示了現在美國的移 排斥同對美國文化施加著很大的對大眾文化幾乎不構成威構成人口的大多【答案】【考點】推理判【難度系數】【解析文章從第二段開始正式開始討論美國的移民文化問題，文章對移民的到來是這樣描述的“maynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardly