狀語從句Definition狀語是用來修飾詞，詞，詞或____________，以說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的一種句子成分。動(dòng)形容副整個(gè)句子當(dāng)充當(dāng)狀語的部分是一個(gè)句子時(shí)，那就是狀語從句。Classification（分類）1.WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,Ifoundmanybeautifulbuildings.2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.3.Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.4.I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.5.Heissuchagoodteacherthatthestudentsloveandrespecthim.6.Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,you’llsucceed.7.Childassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.9.HeistallerthanIam.時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因目的結(jié)果條件讓步方式比較狀語從句1.時(shí)間狀語從句2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句3.原因狀語從句4.條件狀語從句5.讓步狀語從句6.目的狀語從句7.結(jié)果狀語從句8.方式狀語從句9.比較狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句

when,while,as用法例句相同三者均可表示“當(dāng)...時(shí)候”，如果主句謂語表示的是短暫性動(dòng)作，而從句謂語表示的是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，則三者可以互換ImetLaurawhen/while/asIwaswalkingalongthestreet.不同when①時(shí)間段/時(shí)間點(diǎn)

②突然發(fā)生的事情③自然而然的事情1)Whenhereachedhome,hehadarest2)IhadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowelwhenIheardthesteps.while①

從句謂語用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞②表示兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且具有對(duì)比意味，常與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用(主從ing,盡量用while)IwaswatchingTVwhilemymumwascookingdinner.as①

強(qiáng)調(diào)主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生②

表示“隨著”之意

Asthetimewenton,theweathergotworse.Hesangashewentalong.時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間段／while／as的用法:while/when/aswhile/when/asWhenWhileAs（隨著）（一段時(shí)間，延續(xù)）（指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，非延續(xù)，不能用while）（一段時(shí)間，延續(xù)）（同時(shí)發(fā)生，對(duì)比）①Hewasaboutto

leavewhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.______________________________________________②Marywasspeaking

whenTonybrokeinimpolitely!______________________________________________③We

hadjustfinished

thePartyontheschoolplaygroundwhenitbegantorainheavily.______________________________________________beabouttodo…

beonthepointofdoing...when…

bedoing…

had(just)done...他剛要走忽然有人敲門Mary在發(fā)言時(shí)Tony突然插話！時(shí)間狀語從句

since,before,after在某一段時(shí)間之前→Before某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)beforeShegavemeahehebeforesheputmeintoherblacklist.主句在從句之前發(fā)生在某一段時(shí)間之后→after某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)afterHewenttoBeijingafterheleftChengdu.主句在從句之后發(fā)生。自從...以來→since某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)sinceYouhavemadegreatprogresssinceIlastmetyou.since+從句，主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法例句since自從....時(shí)候起動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，并且持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。so:since+過去時(shí)態(tài)（從句），一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（主句）YouhavemadegreatprogresssinceIlastmetyou.before在....之前在一個(gè)具體的事情之前如：小學(xué)畢業(yè)之前（過去）大學(xué)畢業(yè)之前（將來）Shegavemeahehebeforesheputmeintoherblacklist.after在....之后在一個(gè)具體的事情之后如：小學(xué)畢業(yè)之后（過去）大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后（將來）HewenttoBeijingafterheleftChengdu.注：agovsbefore.ago以現(xiàn)在為參照點(diǎn)before以具體的某一件事為參照點(diǎn)①Wemustleaveourdormitorybeforethedormitoryteachersclosethegateat7:15

在寢室老師在7點(diǎn)15分關(guān)門前，我們必須離開寢室。②Tonybrokeinbefore

Marycouldfinishherwords.

Mary還來不及說完Tony就插嘴了。③StudyEnglishhardbeforeitistoolate!

趁還不是太晚，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語吧。④Cathhasn’tphonedsinceshewenttoBerlin.

Cath自從去了柏林還沒有打來過電話。時(shí)間狀語從句

till,until,not...until用法例句till/until直到用在肯定句中Iwillworkuntil/tillhetellsmetostop（主句謂語為延續(xù)性）not...until直到...才用在否定句中Iwon’tleaveuntilitis12o’clock.（主句謂語為短暫性）時(shí)間狀語從句

nosooner...than

hardly...when/before

assoonas,themoment.....Point4:表示“一…就…”的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞

Assoonas…

Immediately/instantly/directly…

Themoment/minute/second/instant…

Hardly/scarcely…when/before…nosooner…than…nosooner...than.../hardly...when/before...assoonas/themoment/second/instant....表示過去，有先后（主句過去的過去haddone，從句是過去did）表示過去或?qū)恚瑤缀跬瑫r(shí)(時(shí)態(tài)一致）Hehad

hardly

gottothestationwhen/beforethetrainleft.Hewillgiveyouacallassoonashearrives.Irecognizedherimmediately/instantlyIsawher.Point3:引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的名詞詞組和個(gè)別介詞短語常常有：themoment/second/minute/instant…eachtime,

everytime,

(the)nexttime,thefirst/second/…/lasttime,bythetime...Practice:1.Youwillgrowwiser_________yougrowolder.2.Iwasabouttogotobed______________thetelephonerang.3.Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou_____________Icamebackfromabroad.4.It’smucheasiertomakefriends__________________youhavesimilarinterests.5.Hemetmanyproblems________________hewasgoingoverhislessons.as

when

since

whenwhilePractice:6.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong_______________heisreadyforhisnewjob.7Asisreported,itis100years_____________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.8.Timepassedquicklyandthewinterholidayshadgoneby___________weknewit.9._________________wemet,wewereataparty.第一次見面時(shí)，我們?cè)趨⒓右粋€(gè)聚會(huì)。beforesincebeforeThefirsttimePractice:10.IfoundmyselfinanentirelynewworldassoonasIarrivedinBeijing.①→Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld__________________________IarrivedinBeijing.②→Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld________________________IarrivedinBeijing.③→__________hadIarrivedinBeijing________Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld.④→_____________hadIarrivedinBeijing_______Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld.immediately/instantly/directlythemoment/instant/minuteNosoonerthanHardly/Scarcelywhen地點(diǎn)狀語從句

where,wherever1、where/whereverwhere指“在某個(gè)地方”，wherever指“在任何一個(gè)地方”；可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。Forexample:①有志者事竟成/我將去你去的任何地方。

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Iwillgowhereveryougo.Practice:1,Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.

你應(yīng)該把書放在原來的地方。

2,無論你去哪里都要行為規(guī)范。Whereveryougo,youmustbehaveyourself.

2、where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞；而where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句時(shí)從句本身就是主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的場(chǎng)所。Forexample:

一般而言，有工廠的地方空氣都會(huì)被嚴(yán)重污染。

Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedintheplaceswheretherearefactories.Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.

定語從句：主句…表地點(diǎn)的名詞+where…place狀語從句：主句…+where…

placeAfterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.that B.where C.which D.when答案：B條件狀語從句

if,unless條件狀語從句

if,unless,once,incase,as/solongas,onconditionthat條件是指某一件事情實(shí)現(xiàn)之后（狀語從句中的動(dòng)作），其他事情才能發(fā)生。1.unlessconj.除非；若不；如果不=if…not…如果你不早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身，你就不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到那兒。Youwillfailtoarrivethereontimeunlessyoustartearlier.Youwillfailtoarrivethereontimeifyoudonotstartearlier.2.oncondition(that)…在……條件下；如果（引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句是主句事件發(fā)生的前提條件或唯一條件）我可以告訴你真相,條件是你答應(yīng)保守秘密。Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepasecret.3.aslongas只要（引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句是主句事件發(fā)生的前提條件或唯一條件）只要不出花園，你可以出去玩兒。。Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoustayinthegarden.4.incase萬一；假使（引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句常表示一種假設(shè)條件）萬一下雨了，我們?cè)摯谀膬耗兀縄ncaseitrains,whereshouldwestay?5.once一旦...你一旦了解了她就會(huì)喜歡她。You’lllikeheronceyougettoknowher.一般遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”、“主情從現(xiàn)”、“主祈從現(xiàn)”等原則。1.

Ifyou____acake,yourhost______verypleased.(take,be)2.

Unlesstheweather___better,I_______athome.(get,stay)3.

He_______homeearlyifhe__________well.(go,notfeel)4.

What____I__ifthey___aboutpolitics?(do,talk)5.

Ifyou____yourhand,thetaxi_______.(raise,stop)6.I__________anythingunlesshe____me.(notsay,ask)Tense時(shí)態(tài)takewillbegetswillstaywillgodoesn’tfeelshalldotalksraisewillstopwon’tsayasks條件狀語從句的省略當(dāng)條件狀語從句主語和主句主語一致，且從句謂語動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞可以省略；當(dāng)條件狀語從句中包含itis時(shí)，itis也可以省略。Unlessthemachineisrepaired,themachineisuseless.Unlessrepaired,themachineisuseless.Iwanttocomebackby5:00pmifpossible.還有諸如:ifnecessary(如果有必要),ifany(如果有),ifinneed如果需要)。Practice1.Itisknowntoallthat______youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if2.Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep____

hismothertellshimastory.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whetherExercises:CDExercises:5.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.

A.asB.ifC.whenD.whereA讓步狀語從句

though,although,evenif/though,as,while,nomatter-wh,Wh-everConjunction(連詞):1."疑問詞十ever"相當(dāng)于"nomatter＋疑問詞"引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。你無論借哪本書,都必須一周內(nèi)歸還。Whichever/Nomatterwhichbookyouborrow,youmustreturnitinaweek.注意:“nomatter+疑問詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；而“疑問詞-ever”還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句Conjunction(連詞):2.though,although這兩個(gè)連詞用法基本一樣,只是前者口語化,后者較正式,當(dāng)位于句首,都不與but連用,但可以和yet,still連用。盡管這臺(tái)電視非常貴,我仍然要買。AlthoughtheTVsetisverydear,Istillbuyit.3.evenif,eventhough這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞意義相同,常用以強(qiáng)調(diào)讓步概念,含有退一步想的意思.即使天氣很糟糕,我們也要去旅行。We'llmakeatripevenif/thoughtheweatherisbad.Conjunction(連詞):4.as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般置于主句之前，須用部分倒裝，此時(shí)將從句中作表語的名詞、形容詞，作狀語的副詞或謂語部分的動(dòng)詞原形置于句首；若表語是單數(shù)名詞，前置時(shí)要省略冠詞。形容詞副詞+as+主語+謂語名詞(不帶冠詞)

動(dòng)詞（原形）Conjunction(從屬連詞):1.Althoughheisachild,heknowswhatistherightthingtodo.Childasheis,heknowswhatistherightthingtodo.2.Althoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.3.Althoughheisyoung,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguages.Youngasheis,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguages.4.Althoughyoumayobject,Iwillgothere.Objectasyoumay,Iwillgothere.注意:在這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中,也可以用though,但不用although。

as的不同含義1.Shesangas

sheworked.2.Smartas

heis,hedoesn’tstudyhard.3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.4.Shedoesn’tdoherworkascarefullyasI.5.

Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.一邊…盡管按照跟…一樣因?yàn)镃onjunction(連詞):5.whether…or…表示“不管……還是……“不管你信不信,這都是真的。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.6.while也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”盡管沒有太多錢，他們也過得很幸福。Whiletherewasnotalotofmoney,theyliveahappylife.While的不同含義1.WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.2.While

Iadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon’tagreethattheycan’tbesolved.3.Whilethereislife,thereishope.4.Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.whenthoughaslongas表對(duì)比，然而Practice1._______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Theworkersaregoingthroughwiththeirrailwayproject,_____theexpenseshaverisen.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthoughTense時(shí)態(tài)讓步狀語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。___hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.

A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although2.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanything____youneverlisten?

A.while B.evenif C.unless D.whenDDExercises:3.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,____theyknewittobevaluable.

A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat4.________Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.

A.As

B.SinceC.If

D.WhileCD5.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor,________youlockyourselfoutoneday.

A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incase6.________,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.

A.Strangeasmightitsound

B.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.Asstrangeitmightsound

D.StrangeasitmightsoundDDPractice1.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.（天津）A.

howeverB.nomatterC.whatever