得閱讀與寫作者得天下中考比例62.5%短文填空15閱讀理解30完形填空10讀寫綜合20閱讀步驟：1）掃讀全文。尤其是首尾兩段和每一段的首句（主題句），了解大意,理解文章的體裁（記敘文、議論文還是說明文）。2）瀏覽題干，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞3）細讀全文，找出與題干和選項有關(guān)的句子和段落，并加以仔細研讀。不可逐字逐句分析。這樣會嚴重影響閱讀速度及對整篇文章的把握。不要常回視已讀部分。這是缺乏信心、患得患失的心理所致，回視會降低閱讀速度和效率。切不可一遇生詞就查詞典。4）檢驗答案答案做完后，回歸原文，檢查答題有無疏漏，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，對照各題目推測判斷，確保無誤。閱讀題型1.細節(jié)理解題WhichofthefollowingisTRUE(NOTtrue)?notmentioned?Fromparagraph…,weknowthat______.)Accordingtothispassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient____.A.Egypt.B.BabylonC.RomeD.ChinaNobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.2推理判斷題

1）.Whatcanyouconcludefromthis

passage?

你能從文中總結(jié)出什么？

2）.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowards...？

作者對……的態(tài)度是什么？

3）.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat＿．我們可以從文中推出__________。4）Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea_________.5）Thewriterwritesthispassageto____.3.主旨大意題。1）.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?本文的主旨是什么？2）.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?文章主要講述什么？3）.Whatdoesthewritewanttotellus?作者想要告訴我們什么？4）.標(biāo)題問題：Whichisthebesttitleofthisarticle?

文章的最佳標(biāo)題是哪個？4.詞義猜測題閱讀中的猜詞技巧閱讀理解中不可避免地會遇到一些生詞(有些是熟詞生義)，疑難語句。遇到這些問題，我們可用下面幾種方法解決：技巧1：根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、情景、語境來判斷Tomislazybuthisbrotherisindustrious.

)What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword”survive”inthepassage?A.繁殖B.產(chǎn)卵C.覓食D.生存Insectswithcolorsdifferentfromplantscaneasilybefoundandeatenbyothers.Soinordertosurvive,theyhavetohidethemselvesinthedaytimeandappearonlyatnight.刻苦的、勤奮的情景語境What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinewords“fashiondesigners”inthepassage?A.珠寶設(shè)計師 B.發(fā)型設(shè)計師 C.舞臺設(shè)計師 D.服裝設(shè)計師

FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.

.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“UVrays”mean?A.沙塵 B.閃電 C.紫外線D.超聲波

Forexample,sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightformUVrays.

技巧2：根據(jù)定義和釋義來推測Sheisstudyingglaucoma，akindofdiseaseontheeyes.我們可能猜不出glaucoma的確切詞義，但通過后面的解釋可知道glaucoma(青光眼)是一種眼睛疾病。)Theunderlinedwordroyalmightmean_____inChinese.A.皇室的B.富裕的C.中產(chǎn)的D.平民的Theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.技巧3：根據(jù)常識來推測Waterusuallyboilsat100centigrade.眾所周知，水的沸點是100攝氏度，由此不難判斷出centigrade的意思是“攝氏度”。技巧4：運用構(gòu)詞法進行猜測ThecolorsofHawaiiinsummerareunforgettable.

構(gòu)詞法：合成法轉(zhuǎn)化法縮略法混成法合成方式

例詞合成動詞oversleep睡過頭underline在下面劃線moonwalk月球行走合成代詞everybody每個人anyone任何人somebody某個人nothing沒有東西合成介詞outside在......外邊inside在......里邊throughout遍及合成法轉(zhuǎn)化法:一個單詞由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性。轉(zhuǎn)化方式

例詞n.-v.watch手表/觀看hand手/遞book書/預(yù)訂dress連衣裙/穿衣smell氣味/聞taste味道/嘗doubt疑問/懷疑n.-adj.right右邊/對的light光線/輕的final決賽/最后的v.-adj.clean打掃/干凈的close關(guān)上/近的open打開/開著的slow變慢/慢的dry弄干/干的wrong冤枉/錯誤的narrow使變窄/狹窄的adj.-adv.enough足夠的/足夠地hard艱苦的/努力地late晚的/遲到

縮略法：把原有的詞匯縮短，使讀音和寫法呈現(xiàn)出新的形式。

剪切形式列詞剪切掉原詞的開始部分Telephone-phone電話airplane-plane飛機剪切掉原詞的末尾部分Examination-exam考試剪切掉原詞的兩端Influenza-flu流感剪切掉原詞的中間部分Year-yr年foot/ft英尺Greek-GK希臘首字母省略剪切形式例詞按首字母拼讀的縮略詞VeryImportantPerson-VIPDoItYourself-DIY像單詞一樣拼讀的首字母縮略詞Acquiredimmunitydeficiencysyndrome-AIDSNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization-NATO北大西洋公約組織星期、月份縮寫詞Sun.Mon.Tues.Wed.Thurs.Fri.SatJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.Jun.Jun.Aug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Dec.符號縮寫詞number-No.percent-%forexample-e.g.andsoon-etc混成法breakfast+lunch-brunch早午餐smoke+fog-smog煙霧motor+hotel-motel汽車旅館news+broadcast-newscast新聞廣播llikeEnglishsomuch.

“假話說多了也成真”

文章的主旨大意——主題：

1.看文章標(biāo)題(包括小標(biāo)題).

2找主題句(常出現(xiàn)在首段或尾段處，

若沒有則應(yīng)結(jié)合各段主題句進行歸納)

Step1:主旨題.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-wasteC.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-waste√ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjob…示范1,2段主題句ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.示范3段主題句TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn’tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.示范4段主題句Step2：細節(jié)題.怎樣尋找細節(jié)?2.快速定位(鎖定信息來源).3.忽略無關(guān)內(nèi)容.62.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.A.FranceB.JapanC.GermanyD.Australia√

Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Carefulreading示范怎樣尋找細節(jié)?2.快速定位(鎖定信息來源).3.忽略無關(guān)內(nèi)容.63.ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince__.A.isthee-capitaloftheworldB.hasseriouse-wastepollutionC.Dealswithe-wastesafelyD.speedsmuchmoneyone-waste√

ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince__.ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.Carefulreading示范64.Thisyear,theChinesegovernment_________.A.triedtochangepeople’slifeB.closedsomecomputercompliesC.makeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD.askedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers√Thisyear,theChinesegovernment___.TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn’tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.Carefulreading示范怎樣猜詞?2.快速定位(鎖定信息來源).65.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans______inthepassage.A.焚燒B.障礙C.回收D.掩埋√Step3:猜詞題.本文的主旨是什么？percent-%SomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina,itisforinternationallaws.percent-%尤其是首尾兩段和每一段的首句（主題句），了解大意,理解文章的體裁（記敘文、議論文還是說明文）。外邊inside在.narrow使變窄/狹窄的llikeEnglishsomuch.技巧1：根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、情景、語境來判斷l(xiāng)likeEnglishsomuch.里邊throughout遍及“假話說多了也成真”ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.oversleep睡過頭underline在下面劃線moonwalk月球行走GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.calledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat＿．Year-yr年foot/ft英尺62.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans____inthepassage.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.Carefulreading示范Whichofthefollowingistrue？

A.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itcanbeburiedintheearthsimply.B.SomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina,itisforinternationallaws.C.InGuiYu,plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintoriversD.TheearthandtheriversinGuiyuarefine.Step4:細節(jié)推理題.√Step4:細節(jié)推理題.如何完成細節(jié)推理?2.逐一快速定位(鎖定信息來源).right右邊/對的light光線/輕的final決賽/最后的LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjob…技巧2：根據(jù)定義和釋義來推測眾所周知，水的沸點是100攝氏度，由此不難判斷出centigrade的意思是“攝氏度”。ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.(1)看標(biāo)題(2)找主題句5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.CarefulreadingFashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeenLastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.A.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itcanbeburiedintheearthsimplyThingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.Carefulreading示范B.Somedevelopedcountieshaveshipp