2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再

選涂其它答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.Wordcamethat30firefightersgavetheirlivestoourcountrynationalpropertysecurity.

A.inexchangeforB.inresponseto

C.intermsofD.incontrastwith

2.Atonetime,sheisfine,atanother,sheisabnormal.

A.andB.orC.butD.so

3.…Don'tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.

—!riltelldadthere'snothingserious.

A.CongratulationsB.Whatarelief

C.HowsurprisingD.I'msosorry

4.Idecidedtodoarandomactofkindnesslastyear.AndthatthepersonIwouldenduphelpingmostwouldbe

myself.

A.IlittleknewB.littledidIknewC.littledidIknowD.littleIknew

5.Richardsaveduphismoneyhemightgoabroadforhissummerholiday.

A.incaseB.nowthat

C.asifD.sothat

6.Myneighbourcametoaskmewhytherewassomuchnoiseinmyhouseyesterdayafternoon.Itoldherthatsome

childrenanEnglishsong.

A.praticedB.wouldpracticeC.havepracticedD.werepracticing

7.Sincemanyformerdrugabusershavepsychologicalproblems,theyoftenneedsupportgroupstheycan

talkabouttheirstrugglesandfindnewwaystomanageintheworld.

A.whichB.what

C.whereD.when

8.sheisnotsohealthysheusedtobe?

A.Whyisitthat;whatB.Whyitisthat;that

C.Whyisitthat;asD.Whyitisthat;who

9.…MyGod!Ihaven'tpreparedthefilesforthenewprojectyet!

?一,Thebosswon'tneedituntilnextFriday.

A.There9snodoubtB.There9snopanicC.GoodluckD.Soundsgood

10.—Youshouldhavehelpedyourmomwashthedishes.

—Imeant.Butsheisalwaystellingmetostudy.

A.todoB.toC.doingsoD.doing

11.WolfWarrior2,directorWuJingalsostarredintheleadrole,isafirst-classproduction,evenbyHollywood

standards.

A.whereB.which

C.whomD.as

12.Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.OtherwiseIthismistakeatthemoment.

A.didn'tmakeB.wouldn'tmake

C.hadn'tmakeD.wouldn'thavemade

13.HeletmewritedownhisinstructionssurethatIwouldknowwhatwasafterhewentaway.

A.making;doingB,making;todo

C.tomake;todoD.tomake;tobedone

14.Don'ttouchyoureyes,noseandmouth,becausetheyaren'tcoveredbyskinandcanthevirusmoreeasily.

A.takeupB.pickupC.makeupD.setup

15.--Ifsraininghardandwecan'tgopicnickingtoday.

Ifonlytheweatherfine!

A.isB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe

16.Infrontofthewholeaudience,PremiereLimadehispromisethegovernmentwouldtryitsbesttosolvethe

problemofpovertyinChina.

A.whatB.which

C.whetherD.that

17.Nowtheworld'sattentionthestockingmarkets,astheyhavegreatinfluenceontheworld'seconomy.

A.isfixingonB.isbeingfixedon

C.hasfixedonD.hadbeenfixedon

18.ThankstoMrsSmith,thefatherandthesoneventuallyaftertenyears9coldrelationshipbetweenthem.

A.tookupB.pickedupC.madeupD.turnedup

19.theeffectofcultureshock,heistryingtoreadalotaboutitbeforegoingtoFranceforfurtherstudy.

A.ToreduceB.Reduced

C.ReducingD.Havingreduced

20.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,butsaywherehewas.

A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.wouldn'tD.mightn't

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

21.（6分）TimeTravel

Ifyoucouldtravelintime,wherewouldyougo?Perhapsyouwouldwatchanoriginalperformanceofa

Shakespeare^playinElizabethanEngland?WhatabouthangingoutwithLaoziintheSpringandAutumnPeriod?Or

maybeyou*dvoyagefaraheadofthepresentdaytoseewhatthefutureholds.

Thepossibilityoftimetravelisindeedappealing.Storiesexploringthesubjecthavebeenaroundforhundredsof

years.Perhapsthebestknownexampleissciencefictionnovel.TheTimeMachine,whichwaswrittenbyH.G.Wellsand

publishedin1895forthefirsttime.Itwasadaptedintoatleasttwofeaturefilmsofthesamename,aswellastwo

televisionversions,andalargenumberofcomicbookadaptations.Itisgenerallycreditedwiththepopularizationofthe

conceptoftimetravelusingavehiclethatallowsanoperatortotravelpurposefullyandselectively.Thetermntime

machine",coinedbyWells,isnowuniversallyusedtorefertoavehicletransportingpeopleintothefarfuture.

Butcouldtimetravelactuallybepossible?Somescientistssayyes,intheory.Theyproposeusingcracksintimeand

spacecalled“wormholes”,whichcouldbeusedasshortcutstootherperiods.Einstein'stheoryofrelativityallowstime

travelinextremecircumstances.AndBritishphysicistStephenHawkingsaysyoucouldtravelintothefuturewitha

reallyfastspaceshipgoingatnearlythespeedoflight.Thoughbuildingsuchaspaceshipwouldofcoursebenosimple

task.

Evenifyoucouldtravelintothepast,thereissomethingcalledthe^grandfatherparadox”.Itaskswhatwould

happenifatimetravelerweretogobackintimeandhavehisowngrandfatherkilledforsomereason,andtherefore

preventhimselffrombeingborn.Ifthetimetravelerwasn'tborn,howwouldhetravelbackintime?

Andwouldyoureallyliketovisitthefuture?InH.GWells9book,themaincharactertravelsintodistanttime

wherehearrivesatabeachandisattackedbygiantcrabs.Hethenvoyages30millionyearsintothefuturewherethe

onlylivingthingisablackobjectwithtentacles（觸角）.

Ifthat'swhat'sinstore,maybewearebetterjustlivinginthepresentdayafterall.

1、ThenovelTheTimeMachinementionedinParagraph2aimstoshow.

A.thecontributionofH.G.WellsB.thestory'sdifferentfeatures

C.thelonghistoryoftimetravelD.people'sinterestintimemachine

2、Einstein'sandHawking'stheories.

A.suggestthepossibilitytoinventthetimemachine

B.pushtheinventionofthefirstspaceship

C.haveprovedwrongbysometimetravelers

D.havesimilaritiesinmanyway

3、InParagraph4,^grandfatherparadox“probablyreferstotheideathat.

A.thetravelerispreventedfrommeetinghisgrandfather

B.thegrandfather'sdeathmakesthetraveler'sbirthimpossible

C.thetravelergoesbackintimetoseekforhisgrandfather

D.thereunionofthetravelerandhisgrandfatherbringshappiness

4^Accordingtothepassage,whatisprobablytheauthor'sattitudetowardstimetravel?

A.Skeptical.B.Unclear.

C.Supportive.D.Unconcerned.

22.（8分）WhenIfirstgotane-mailaccounttenyearsago,Ireceivedcommunicationsonlyfromfamily,

friends,andcolleagues.NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail,Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisementsand

othercorrespondencethatdonotinterestmeatall.Ifwewante-mailtocontinuetobeuseful,weneedspecificlawsthat

makespamming（發(fā)送垃圾郵件）acrime.

Iflawmakersdonotdosomethingsoontoprohibitspam,theproblemwillcertainlygetmuchworse.Computer

programsallowspammerstosendhundredsofmillionsofe-mailsalmostinstantly.Asmoreandmoreadvertisersturn

tospamtoselltheirproducts,individuale-mailboxesareoftenfloodedwithspame-mails.Wouldpeoplecontinuetouse

e-mailiftheyhadtodealwithanannoyingamountofspameachtime?

Thisproblemistroublingforindividualsandcompaniesaswell.Manyspame-maiiscontaincomputervirusesthat

canshutdowntheentirenetworkofacompany.Companiesrelyone-mailfortheiremployeestocommunicatewith

eachother.Spamfrequentlycausesfailuresintheirlocalcommunicationsnetworks,andtheiremployeesarethus

unabletocommunicateeffectively.Suchasituationresultsinalossofproductivityandrequirescompaniestorepeatedly

repairtheirnetworks.Thesecomputerproblemsraiseproductioncostsofcompanies,whichare,intheend,passesonto

theconsumer.

Forthesereasons,Ibelievethatlawmakersneedtolegislate（立法）againstspam.Spammersshouldbefined,and

perhapssenttoprisoniftheycontinuetodisturbpeople.E-mailisatoolwhichhelpspeopleallovertheworldto

communicateconveniently,butspamisdestroyingthisconvenience.

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword^correspondence"inParagraph1probablymean?

A.messagesB.ideas

C.connectionsD.programs

2、Accordingtothetext,whatisthemajorcauseofthefloodingspam?

A.Companiesrelyone-mailforcomiriunications.

B.Morepeopleintheworldcommunicatebye-mail.

C.Manycomputervirusescontainspame-mail.

D.Moreadvertisersbegintopromotesalesthroughspam.

3、Accordingtotheauthor,whoistheflnalvictimofspam?

A.ThebusinessB.Theadvertiser

C.TheemployeeD.Theconsumer

4^Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.ToinformB.Toeducate

C.TopersuadeD.Toinstruct

23.（8分）Shesatatthepicnictablealone.Recess（休息）wasinfullswing.Sheremainedawkwardaroundher

classmates.Sheseemedunsureofwhattodoorsay,yetIcouldseehereyeslongingforacceptance.Manystudentshad

alreadydecidedthatherfriendshipwouldnotbeworththeenergyrequiredtoovercometheawkwardness.Others

teasedher.Mostignoredher-exceptforone.

Brianna,theclassclown,wasmakingtheotherstudentslaugh,asusual.^Brianna,doyouseeMollydownthere?

Wouldyoumindwalkingdownthereandinvitinghertocomeupherewiththerestofus?”

Briannasighed.Icouldtellshedidn'twanttosacrificepreciousminutesofherownrecesstodowhatIwasasking

ofher,but1alsoknewherheart.Sheoftenthoughtofothersbeforeherself-ararecharacterforanyone,muchlessa

kid.

Knowingthischoicewashardforher,IpulledoutaD-buck,ourclasscurrency.Thoughbribery（行賄）wasnotthe

idealwaytohandlethissituation,Ineededhercooperation.

“Here,I911payyouforyourtime."

Sheofferedaninsinceresmile,graspedthegreenpaper,andheadeddownthehill.

Astherestofthechildrenscreamedandlaughed,myeyeslockedonBriannaasshenearedthepicnictable.Molly

couldbedifficult,andIwouldn'thavebeensurprisedifshesentBriannahackalone,refusingherinvitation.Whenshe

encouragedherselftoastandingposition,Isighedwithrelief.

Aminutelater,Ifeltalaponmyshoulder.wHere,Mrs.D."ShehandedmetheD-buck.

“Why?”Iasked.

“Ishouldn'tkeepthis.”Hereyesfelltoherfeet,guiltradiatingfromherquietvoice.don'twantMollytothinkI

onlywenttogethersoIcouldearnaD-buck.She'smyfriend.”

Amomentlater,theywerealllaughingagain,andwhoshouldIseeamongthem,laughingforthefirstlimethat

week?Molly.

1、HowwasMollyintheauthor^eyes?

A.Sheoftenmadefunofothers.

B.Shegotonwellwithotherkids.

C.Shewaseagertobeaccepted.

D.Sherefusedtomakefriendswithothers.

2、OnwhataspectwasBriannadifferentfromotherkids?

A.Clowntalent.B.Cooperation.

C.Honesty.D.Kindness.

3、HowwastheauthorfeelingwhenBriannawalkedtoMolly?

A.Worried.B.Regretful.

C.Grateful.D.Puzzled.

4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttittleforthetext?

A.AD-buckB.AStrangeGirl

C.PowerofaSmileD.HowtoBeaGreatTeacher

24.(8分)From100yearsofBauhausto350yearssinceRembrandfsdeath,ahostoflandmarkarteventsand

exhibitionsareopenaroundEuropethisyear.

JohnRuskin200thEngland

Thisyearisalsothebicentenary(200周年紀念)ofthebirthofJohnRuskin,theartcritic,writerandreformer.

ThereareexhibitionsthroughouttheyearatBrantwood,hisformerhomeinCumbria,ontopicsfromhisclothestohis

InterestingeologyandhislegacyinJapan.OnRuskin'sbirthday,8February,thereisafreepubliclectureonhisloveof

treesatOxfordUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistoryandaneveningofreadingsandmusicattheRoyalAcademy,

London.

Rembrandt350thTheNetherlands

Itis350yearssincethedeathofRembrandtvanRijn.Thereisayear-longprogrammeofeventsinnineDutch

cities,focusingonRembrandtandtheDutchgoldenage.InAmsterdam,theRijksMuseum(15Feb-10June)will

displayallofits22paintings,60drawingsand300engravings-thebiggestRembrandtcollectioneverseeninasingle

exhibition.

Bauhaus100thGermany

GermanyiscelebratingthecentenaryofBauhaus,therevolutionaryartschoolfoundedbyWalterGropiusin1919.

TheopeningfestivalisalreadyunderwayattheBerlinAcademyofArts,withaprogrammeofconcerts,playsand

virtualrealityinstallations(untilThursday24Jan).Butvisitorsareencouragedtoexplorebeyondthecapital

throughouttheyearonaself-guidedroadtrip.

Renoir100thFrance

AugustRenoirdied100yearsagoinDecember.TheEauetLumiereAssociation,whichhascreated12

^ImpressionismsRoutes"linkingsitesthatinspired12Europeanimpressionistpainters,hasdeclared2019tobeRenoir

Year.IthopestoattractmoreartloverstoattractionsontheRenoirRoute-visitorstoPariscouldtrytheMuseumof

MontmartreandRenoirGardens,whereheoncelived,ortheMuseedelaGrenouillereinnearbyCroissy-sur-Seine,

wherehepaintedriverscenes.

1、WhatcantouristsdoatthecelebrationofJohnRuskin's200thbirthday?

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Goonaself-guidedroadtrip.

C.Attendapubliclectureforfree.D.Appreciateimpressionists9works.

2、WhatisspecialabouttheexhibitioninRijksMuseum?

A.Itwillbeayear-longevent.

B.Itisacollectionofallpaintingstyles.

C.Itmarkstheendofthecelebrationsinothercities.

D.ItbringstogethermostofRembrandfsworks.

3、Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Anartshowreview.B.Anexhibitionguide.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Anofficialreport.

25.(10分)StudentTutoringProgram:Stutor-Gram

TheStudentTutoringProgram(Stutor-Gram)isdesignedtohelpyousucceedinyourclasses.Researchhasshown

thatstudentswhoactivelyparticipateinstudent-ledtutoringcanimprovetheirgradesbyuptoonefullletter-grade

overthecourseofasemester.Stutor-Gramcanhelpyoutoearnyourbestpossiblegrade.

AlltutorsinStutor-GramhaveearnedA'sinthecoursestheytutorandhavereceivedspecialtrainingapprovedby

theNationalTYitoringAssociation(NTA).Stutor-Gramoffersbothindividualandgrouptutoring.

PleaseNote:Thtoringworksonlyifyouworkatit!Togainthefullbenefitsfromtutoring,youmustattendyour

weeklytutoringsession.Consideryourschedulebeforerequestingatutor.Youmustcommittoweeklytutoringsessions

fortheentiresemester.

ToObtainaTutor:

1.ReporttotheTiitoringCenter,locatedintheadministrativecenter.

2.FilloutaRequestforTutoringformforeachcourseforwhichyoudesireatutor.Filloutthisformascompletely

aspossiblesoyourrequestcanbehandledquickly.

3.TutorsareappointedonaFIRSTCOME,FIRSTSERVEbasis.Comeearlytoensurethatyouwillgetthetutor

youneed.

4.Thetutorwillcontactyoutoarrangemutually(相互的)agreeabletutoringtime.

5.AlltutoringwilltakeplaceattheTutoringCenter.

Stutor-Gramwilloffertutorsforthefollowingcoursesthissemester:

SCI101Biology

SCI102Chemistry

SCI103Physics

MATHAConceptsinMathematics

MATH101Algebra

MATH102Geometry

ENGLISH101WritingPersuasiveEssays

ENGLISH102WritingCollegeApplicationEssay

Welookforwardtohelpingyoumakethegrade!

1、Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthetextismostlikelyto,

A.informB.describe

C.entertainD.persuade

2、Thistextwouldbemosthelpfultostudentswho.

A.attendaprivatehighschool

B.areinterestedingettingbettergrade

C.havegraduatedfromhighschool

D.needarecommendationforcollege

3、Toobtainatutorformorethanoneclass,studentsmust.

A.payadditionalfees

B.callthetutoringoffice

C.reporttheirplanstotheirteachers

D.filloutaseparateformforeachclass

4、Afterrequestingatutor,studentsshould.

A.waittobecontacted

B.beginworkonthefirsthomeworkassignment

C.showupattheTutoringCenterforthefirstsession

D.sendacopyoftheirscheduletotheTutoringCenter

5、Whichofthefollowingcoursescanstudentstakethissemester?

A.SCI101andMath103.

B.MathAandEnglish103.

C.SCI103andEnglish102.

D.SCI102andMath103.

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.

26.（30分）Yearsago,Ihadtheopportunitytoconductaseminar.Thiswasamotivationalonebasicallydesignedto1

peopleinchangingtheirlives,2theirpersonalbarriersinlife.

Itwasalways3tomeettheseminarattendees.Someofthemcouldn'twaittogetstarted,otherswere4

aboutwhattheywouldgetfortheirmoney,andothersattended5oftenbeingforcedbypressure.

Thislastgroupwasalwaysthemost6toworkwith.Theysittherewith7crossed,rarelyparticipatinginany

ofthespecificexercisesmeanttohelpthembuildpositivebehaviorsto8oldhabitsandthoughts.

Intheend,Istartedtolookthroughtheevaluationspayingparticularattentiontofindtheformsubmittedbyoneofthe

attendeeswhohadseemingly9lessattentiveness.Tomydisappointment,inthis10therewasnoform.Ileft

thatdaythinkingthatIhad11thisperson.

AsI12mypreparationforthenextseminarafterwards,onedayIreceivedaphonecall—itwasthe13

attendeewhohadnotsubmittedtheevaluationform!Myimmediate14wastoprepareforarequestforatotal

refund（退款）.

Itwasnotthecase,15Hetookhistimetotellmehowmuchtheseminarhadalreadyhelpedhimchangehisways,

andhowmuchmorecomfortablehewaswithhimselfnowthatheknewhowtoovercomehisownpersonalbarriers___

16successbothpersonallyandprofessionally.Iwassurprisedandgladtobe17tohim.

Actuallyweallhavepowertoaffectthe18ofothers,butthispowercanalsobenegativeifyouuseitwronglyor

improperly.Power—youallhaveit—useit19becauseyouneverknowwhatimpactyouhaveonotherpeople

evenwhenyouthink20

1、A.rescueB.assistC.sponsorD.treat

2、A.breakingdownB.workingagainstC.breakingthroughD.workingout

3、A.fascinatingB.frighteningC.incredibleD.mysterious

4、A.consciousB.explicitC.roundaboutD.skeptical

5、A.willinglyB.reluctantlyC.voluntarilyD.naturally

6、A.inspiringB.daringC.challengingD.shocking

7、A.handsB.wrinklesC.smilesD.arms

8、A.impressB.conquerC.twistD.spin

9、A.displayedB.paidC.clarifiedD.requested

10、A.courtB.caseC.guiltD.generation

11、A.succeededB.managedC.anticipatedD.failed

12、A.wentaboutB.turnedoverC.putawayD.setoff

13、A.arbitraryB.boredC.veryD.suspected

14、A.reactionB.feelingC.effortD.mind

15、A.butB.althoughC.thoughD.while

16、A.toB.beyondC.oppositeD.against

17、A.hopefulB.helpfulC.handyD.holy

18、A.gesturesB.functionsC.emotionsD.behaviors

19、A.wiselyB.foolishlyC.regularlyD.regularly

20、A.additionallyB.alikeC.otherwiseD.overall

第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.（15分）Whatisclone?Thenoun“clone"andtheverb“toclone"arenotusedconsistently.Inbiologyacloneis

acelloranorganism,whichis1.（genetic）thesameasanothercellororganism.Manysimpleorganismssuchas

bacteriareproducethemselvesby21_（copy）theirDNAandsplitting（分裂）inhalf.Theverb"toclone”refersthe

processofcreatingclonedcellsororganisms.Theprocessdiffers,4,（depend）onthekindsofcellsusedinthecloning

procedureandthedesiredresult.Usually,5.scientistsdoneananimal,theytakethenucleus（核）ofacellandplaceit

intoaneggcellfrom6^thenucleushasbeenremoved.Theeggcellthendividestoproduce7^_embryothatdevelopsan

animaliftheproceduresworkas8.（plan）.Differentfromothercloningcases,Dollywascreatedfromaspecialized

adultcell,9,fromaveryearlyembryoniccellinwhichnospecialized（tissue）begintodevelop.

第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。

文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號U）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞：

2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Smartphoneshadbecomepartofourdailylife、Nomatterwhoweare,wecanseepeoplebusyplaywiththeirsmart

phones、Smartphonesbenefitthem、Theyhelpusescapethepressureoflifeandgetinformations>However,ifwe

spendtoomuchtimeonthem,wewon'thavetimetocontactfacetofaceourfriendsorfamily、Andourlife,studyand

workwillhurt^Inmyview,weshouldlimittoourusingsmartphonesexceptforapurposeoflearning、Meanwhile,

it'sabsolutenecessaryforustotakepartinmoreoutdoorsactivities、

第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）

29.（25分）假定你是李華，得知外教Mr.Hall寒假不回國，想邀請他到你家過春節(jié)。請給他寫一封信，內(nèi)容包括:

1.時間；

2.一同過節(jié)的家人；

3.活動。

詞匯：Gala晚會

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

OnePossibleVersion

DearMr.Hall

FmLiHua,yourstudentintheschool

Bestwishes!

Yours,

LiHua

參考答案

第一部分（共20小題，每小題L5分，滿分30分）

1、A

2、C

3、B

4、C

5、D

6、

7、C

8、C

9、B

10、B

11、A

12、B

13、D

14、B

15、B

16、D

17、B

18、C

19、A

20、C

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

21、1、D

2、A

3、B

4、A

22、Manypeoplewritetonewspaperandmagazinestoexpresstheiropinions.Letterstotheeditormustcarry

thewriter'sfullname,addressandtelephonenumber,althoughtheinformationisnotnecessaryforpublication.This

requirementtoprovidepersonalparticularsisaclearindicationthatwritersareheldresponsibleforwhattheysay.

Whenawriterwantshisvoiceheard,heneedstoclaimownershipofhisvoice.Responsibilityisthenameofthegame.

“Peopletodaypreferlivingtogethertoputtingtheirsignaturesonamarriagecertificatebecausetheyrefuseto

acceptresponsibilityfortherelationship/9saidsocialworkerKenYip,“andthisiswhatiscausingalotoffamily

problems."Whenwesignapaper,forexample,abusinesscontractorabankdocument,thesignatureisasealof

consent,anagreementtotakethematterseriously.Mostgovernmentsandmanyorganizationswillnotprocesswritten

complaintsiftheydonotbearthewriter'ssignature.Theabsenceofasignature,theyexplain,tellsusthatthewriter

cannotbetooseriousandthereforedoesnotdeserveareply.

Therearepeoplewhowishtoremainanonymous（匿名的）forvariousreasons.Multi-billionaireMr.Kingdonates

generouslytocharityseveraltimesayeanHegivessimplybecausehewantstohelpbutnotforthepublicityhis

donationsmaybring,andhedoesnotwanthisgooddeedstomakenews.Inothercases,peopleinsistonanonymity

becausetheyareafraidoftheconsequencesofrevealingtheiridentity.Crimewitnessesmaybewillingtoassistthe

police,butmostareunwillingtogivetheirnameswhen