2020普通高等學校招生全國統一考試英語（全國卷I）基礎知識積累與運用答案閱讀A篇一．基礎詞匯考查與積累inpossessionof擁有avalidticket一張有效的票board登上（船，飛機，火車等）makeeveryefforttodo努力做ensure確保asscheduled如計劃地guarantee保證property所有物，財產businesshours工作時間item物品mobilitydevices移動輔具wheelchairaccess輪椅通道depart離開，起程stationplatform站臺destination目的地二．詞性轉換connectn.connectionmajorn.majorityaccessadj.accessiblearriven.arrivalvalidantonym.invalidassistancev.assistadditionadj.additionalspecialadv.specially;v.specialize三．一詞多義（1）運轉；（2）經營，實施；（3）操作；（4）做手術四．高考真題改編之語法填空1.toensure;2.in閱讀B篇一．基礎詞匯考查與積累slight稍微的，些許的suspicion懷疑transformative變化的，變革的liein在于bond關系bebasedon以…為基礎pullone’sweight盡力taketo喜歡memoir回憶錄anagingwriter一個年邁的作家lookbackon回顧ambitious有雄心的poetry詩集，詩tendto傾向于做addto增加attach…to…依附于，附加于evaluate評價substitute替代品extend延伸，擴大abriefaccountof簡介ahistoricevent一歷史事件debt債務reward報酬，獎勵allowance津貼facevalue面值二．詞性轉換familiarn.familiarityslightadv.slightlyannualadv.annuallyimaginen.imaginationattachadj.attachedtrueadv.truly三．一詞多義（1）贈送；（2）展現；（3）現在的；（4）禮物四．高考真題改編之語法填空1.that;2.which五．長難句分析但我認為，雖然金錢確實不錯又必不可少，但重讀一位作家的作品是讀者能贈予作者的最大獎勵。Iimagine后為that引導的賓語從句，賓語從句中含有由while引導的讓步狀語從句的復合句，意為“雖然”，rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrency為復合句中主句的主干，areadercanpaythem為定語從句，用來修飾先行詞thehighestcurrency.閱讀C篇racewalking競走fitnessbenefits健康的好處contributetoinjuries導致受傷trackandfieldevent田徑賽事swing搖擺marathon馬拉松anassistantprofessor一個副教授calculation計算atapaceof以…的速度physicallydemanding對體力要求高的approximately大約asaresult因此placestresson對…施加壓力associate聯系，聯想considerable相當大（或多）的consultacoach咨詢教練ankle踝hip臀部cautious小心謹慎的adoptthesport采用這項運動effective有效的amedicalcheckup一次體檢doregularexercise經常鍛煉skeptical持懷疑態度的objective客觀的tolerant寬容的conservative保守的二.詞性轉換fitn.fitnessinjuren.injury;adj.injuredathleteadj.athleticrequiren.requirementcalculaten.calculationapproximateadv.approximatelycautiousn.cautionexperienceadj.experiencedprobableadv.probablytolerateadj.tolerant三．高考真題改編之語法填空1四．長難句分析根據大多數計算，競走者以每小時6英里的速度運動，所消耗的熱量為800卡路里，這是步行消耗的卡路里的近兩倍，雖然比跑步少，跑步每小時可能消耗1000或者更多的卡路里。此句為復合句，其中兩個which引導的定語從句，分別修飾一個句子racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour和單個的詞running,althoughfewerthanrunning為讓步狀語從句。五．寫作積累與練習Myeducationalbackgroundandprofessionalexperiencemakemequalifiedforthejob.閱讀D篇一．基礎詞匯考查與積累positiveeffects積極的影響productive多產的decorate…with…用…裝飾position組成，構成diversefunctions多樣的功能sensor傳感器beshortof缺少detectharmfulchemicals發現有害的化學物質hislatestproject他最新的項目faintlight微弱的光glow發光version變體，版本spray噴灑switch開關fade變暗，消失beexposedto接觸，暴露accountfor占比例consume消耗apowerplant一發電廠remote遙遠的crimerate犯罪率transmit傳輸taketheplaceof代替reduceenergyconsumption減少能源消耗pollutionfree無污染的二．詞性轉換connectn.connectionscienceadj.scientificactualadv.actuallydiversen.diversityperformn.performance;performerdistanceadj.distantenergyadj.energeticvariousn.variety;v.varyconsumen.consumptionharmadj.harmful三．一詞多義（1）做，執行；（2）表演；（3）使用，運轉（不及物動詞）；（4）表現四．熟詞生義(翻譯句子，并寫出黑體詞的含義)engineer,含義“用基因工程生產出”翻譯：我們正考慮著我們如何用基因工程生產出植物，以取代那些我們日用品的功能。五．高考真題改編之語法填空1.conducted;2.using六．長難句分析這些包括在葉子上印上傳感器以顯示他們何時缺水的植物，和一種能發現地下水中有害化學物質的植物。此句為復合句，句子的主干為Theseincludeplantsandaplant.句中兩處that都用來引導定語從句，先行詞分別為plants和aplant，其中printedontotheirleaves為過去分詞短語做定語，用來修飾sensors.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.閱讀理解七選五基礎詞匯考查與積累selfacceptance自我接納attimes有時outofreach夠不到intherightdirection朝正確方向eventually最后shorting缺點，不足forgive原諒response回復asplanned如計劃地journal日志acplishment成就，完成earnone’sdegree贏得學位nowthat既然imperfection不完美awesome極好的intention目的upset沮喪的詞性轉換forgiven.forgivenessfailn.failureachieven.achievementrecognizen.recognitionparen.parisonresponsev.respondstrength—v.strengthenweaknessv.weaken一詞多義夠到；（2）到達；（3）與某人取得聯系；（4）伸手達到的距離；（5）達到，達成高考真題改編之語法填空for;2.offer完形填空一．基礎詞匯考查與積累slide滑動drivesb.crazy使某人瘋狂apparently明顯地keepsb.fromdoing阻止某人做…request要求tellthetruth講實話dospiritualdamageto對…精神損害absolutely完全地whatif如果…怎么辦reasonable合情合理的repeatedly重復地relief減輕，解除target目標gradually逐漸地constantly不斷地casually隨便地merely僅僅partly部分地standout突出顯眼fantasy幻想colleague同事restriction限制consequence結果，后果demand要求biological生物的behavioral關于行為的regardlessof不管，不顧byparisonwith與…相比getholdof抓住stareat盯著fortzone舒適區bottomline底線topsecret最高機密delay耽擱hesitate猶豫intend打算二．詞性轉換apparentadv.apparentlyobviousadv.obviouslytruen.truth;adv.trulyadmitn.admissiontemporaryadv.temporarilyslightadv.slightlyapproven.approvalexplainn.explanationhurryadj.hurriedhesitaten.hesitationdeciden.decisionlimitadj.limited三．高考真題改編之語法填空1.telling;2.to語法填空基礎詞匯考查與積累landaspacecraft使宇宙飛船著陸block阻礙sendsignals發信號satellite衛星orbit軌道instrument工具beofparticularinterest很感興趣obtain獲