課時作業(四)必修第一冊Unit4FriendsforeverⅠ.閱讀理解A[2023·山東省百師聯盟聯考]JeremiadOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofourcountry'spersistentproblems:garbageandpoverty.It'scalledtheChipBagProject.The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowyouremptychipbagsintotherubbish,donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Aftertheycleanthechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,theyslicethemopen,laythemflat,andironthemtogether.Theyuselinersfromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag，andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,dependingonwhetherthey'resingle-serveorfamilysize.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasytocarryaround，”OleitatoldtheDetroitNews.Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800，000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplertoraisemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat'sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabetterlife—andherfellowvolunteers.“Wearededicatedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmentally，”shesays.AsOleitasaid,“There'sthesymbolismofusingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandintherubbishandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It'sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalinjusticeandpovertyoftengohandinhand.”1．WhydidOleitastarttheChipBagProject?A．Tosellsleepingbagsforthepoor.B．Toraisemoneyforthehomeless.C．Toreturnafavortochipeaters.D．Tosolvegarbageandpovertyproblems.2．Howarethecollectedemptybagshandledfirst?A．Theyarewashed. B．Theyaresliced.C．Theyareironed. D．Theyaresewed.3．WhichofthefollowingistrueofOleita?A．Sheisseriouslyattractive.B．Sheisheavilyindependent.C．Sheissociallyresponsible.D．Sheisfinanciallysuccessful.4．WhatcanbeinferredaboutgarbageandpovertyaccordingtoOleita?A．Theyareeasytosolve.B．Theyremindusofinjustice.C．Theyarecloselyconnected.D．Theyarethesymbolsofsociety.BAsIwritethisblogon23rdApril,mostoftheUK,willhavebeenstuckathomeforawholemonthsince23rdMarch.Asweadjusttothephysicalchallengesbroughtaboutbycoronavirus,itwillcomeasnosurprisewhenIsaythatourlanguageisalsobeingaffectedbythecurrentsituation.Wehavealllearnedsomenewvocabulary:coronavirusbeingoneofthem.Formany,itwasprobablythefirsttimetheyrealisedthat‘corona’means‘crown(-like)’，referringtotheshapeofthevirusitself.Thereisplentyofotherterminologyrelatedtothevirus:COVID-19,epidemic,pandemic,self-isolation,super-spreader.Allofasudden,thepandemichaspeoplelikeyouandmewithnomedicalbackgroundstalkingliketrueepidemiologists(specialistswhostudydiseases).Moreimportantly,theeffectsofthepandemicandthenationwidelockdownonourlanguageuseextendwaybeyondthevocabularywemightslipinduringourvideochatswithfamily,friends,andcolleagues.Withtheclosureofschoolsanduniversities,mostbilingualstudentsnowliveathomewheretheyareimmersedinalinguisticenvironment,whereontheonehand,theyarelosinghundredsofcontacthourswithEnglish-speakingpeers.Ontheotherhand,thismightbeanopportunityforthemtodeveloptheirabilitiesintheirhomelanguages.SimilarlinguisticchangescanbeobservedamongthosewhomostlycommunicateonlyinEnglishtoo,forinstance,intermsoftheiraccents.Afterbeinginthesamespacewithourfamilyforawholemonth,someofusmightstarttosoundmoreandmorelikeourfamily-partlybecauseweallunconsciouslyaccommodatetopeoplewefrequentlytalkto.Inthissense,whatthisnationallockdowndoestoouraccentsislikewhenwehavebeenonanextendedholidayabroadwiththefamily.Maybewhenwecanfinallysocialiseagain,wewillbeabletoguesswhereeachother'sroommatesarefrom.5．WhatisthecurrentsituationinParagraph1?A．PeopleintheUKhavetostayathome.B．Wehavegotusedtotheenvironment.C．Coronavirusisaffectingourlanguage.D．Peoplefacethechallengeofthevirus.6．Whatdoesthenationwidelockdownbringforbilingualstudents?A．Chattingwithrelativesonline.B．Losingcontactwithclassmates.C．FewerEnglishpracticinghours.D．Alackoflearningenvironment.7．What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Thewaywecommunicatechanges.B．Wespeakwithmoreaccents.C．Wecaneasilyidentifyothers.D．Ouraccentsarebeingchanged.8．What'stheauthor'stoneinwritingthisarticle?A．Cautious.B．Critical.C．Pessimistic.D．Humorous.[答題區]題號12345678答案Ⅱ.七選五[2023·山東棗莊市第三次調研]LookslikeHankandStefanwerehangingoutatOlivia'slastnight.Whatweretheydoingthere?Wasanyoneelsethere?Whywasn'tIinvited?Dotheynotlikeme?YoumighthaveexperiencedthisemotionwecallFOMO,orthefearofmissingout.__1__PsychologistshavebeenstudyingwhyFOMOhappens,whatharmitdoesandhowwecancopewithit.__2__Thisgoesbacktoourearliestancestorsthatformedcooperativegroupsforsurvival.Atthattime,beingleftalonemeantbeingexposedtogreatdanger.Sohumanshaveevolvedtofeelanxiouswhentheyfindthemselvesleftout.Nowadays,withtheriseofsocialmedia,FOMOhasbecomeanevenbiggerissue,especiallyforyoungpeoplewhoseemtobealwaysonline.Onesurveyhasfoundthat60%ofteensfeelstressediftheylosetrackoftheirfriendsorwhentheyfindouttheirfriendsarehavingfunwithoutthem.Infact,excessive(過度的)worryingaboutwhatothersaredoingonlycausesteenstoadmireothersblindlyandmissoutontheirownlives.__3__Andconsequently,theteenslosetheirsenseofidentityandstrugglewithlowself-confidence.Researchprovesthereisarealrelationbetweenthetimespentondigitaltechnologyandhigherlevelsofanxiety.ButjustswitchingthephoneoffdoesnoterasethefeelingsthatFOMOcauses.Teensmaystillworrythattheyaremissingout.__4__Thekeyistosetasidespecifictimeeachdaytochecksocialmedia.Bydoingthis,teenswillnotbegluedtotheirscreensandwillbecomemoreproductive.Theycanalsopracticefull-concentration,anexercisewhereapersonlearnstointenselyfocusonsomethingotherthansocialmedia.Whetheritisreadingabook,chattingwithafriend,tryinganewrecipe,orhikingthroughtheforest,thegoaloffull-concentrationisthatteenscompletelyabsorbthemselvesinwhattheyaredoingatthemoment.__5__A．Humanbeingsarehistoricallyasocialspecies.B．Thatanxietyyoufeelcanbeawful,butnotsohopeless.C．InthiswaytherewillbenoroomintheirbrainsforFOMO.D．GenerallypeoplewithlowsocialrankstendtosufferfromFOMO.E．Thatis,FOMOkeepstheirattentionfocusedoutwardinsteadofinward.F．OnepracticalapproachtohandlingFOMOistoscheduletechnologybreaks.G．Encourageteenstorecognizewhattheyseeonlinemaynotactuallybethecase.[答題區]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________Ⅲ.語法填空[2023·河北省高三年級摸底考試]TheJiaoheAncientCityRuins,1.________(locate)10kilometerswestofTurpan,XinjiangUygurautonomousregionisthelargest,oldestandbest-preservedearthenarchitecturalsiteintheworld,2.________holdsgreatpolitical,cultural,historicalandartisticvalue.GuriBakri,a39-year-oldconservatoroftheJiaoheRuins,startsherdailyinspectionatthesiteasusual,ensuringthesafetyoftouristsand3.________(make)photographicrecordsalongtheway.SheisthethirdgenerationofGuri'sfamilywhohavebeenworkingaslocalculturalconservators,4.________(constant)guardingthishistoricsitesincehergrandfather5.________(become)theonlyconservatorinJiaohein1961.Aftergraduatingin2013,Gurireturnedtoherhometownandbecameoneofherfather's6.________(colleague).TalkingaboutJiaohe,GurisaidthatshewouldalwaysrememberJune22,2014,whentheJiaoheAncientCityRuins7.________(name)theWorldHeritageSite.Shewasproudofherparticipationintheapplication8.________thetitle.Inrecentyears,thestateculturalprotectiondepartmenthasinvestedmorethan100millionyuan($14.8m)inthe9.________(protect)ofJiaoheAncientCityRuins.Thisyear,JiaoheAncientCityRuinswilltakethefifthroundofstructuralreinforcement(加固).10.________teamofconservatorshasalsoexpandedto12.Thisoldcityofmorethan2，000yearsisgainingnewenergy.[答題區]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________課時作業(四)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要敘述學生Oleita如何幫助解決環保和貧困的問題。1．答案與解析：D細節理解題。根據第一段“JeremiadOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofourcountry'spersistentproblems:garbageandpoverty.It'scalledtheChipBagProject.”可知，Oleita認為她發起的ChipBagProject可能會幫助解決一部分環保和貧困的問題。2．答案與解析：A細節理解題。根據第二段“Aftertheycleanthechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,...andironthemtogether.”可知，Oleita和志愿者收集好薯片袋子后，會先用肥皂熱水清洗。3．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第二段最后一句“‘Wearededicatedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmentally，’shesays.”可知，Oleita是一個非常有社會責任感的人。4．答案與解析：C細節理解題。根據文章最后一段“It'sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalinjusticeandpovertyoftengohandinhand”可知，Oleita認為用薯片袋子來幫助無家可歸的人是有象征意義的，提醒著人們，環境非正義和貧窮問題通常是緊密相連的。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。講述作者在疫情封鎖期間注意到居家對于語言的影響。5．答案與解析：A考查細節理解。根據第一段“mostoftheUK,willhavebeenstuckathomeforawholemonthsince23rdMarch.”以及“...ourlanguageisalsobeingaffectedbythecurrentsituation”可知，由于疫情，大多數的英國人需要居家，人們不僅要適應疫情居家所帶來的身體挑戰，語言也受到了影響，所以thecurrentsituation指的應該是A.PeopleintheUKhavetostayathome.6．答案與解析：C考查細節理解。從第三段“Withtheclosureofschoolsanduniversities,mostbilingualstudentsnowliveathomewheretheyareimmersedinalinguisticenvironment,whereontheonehand,theyarelosinghundredsofcontacthourswithEnglish-speakingpeers.”可知，隨著學校的關閉，大多數的雙語學生只能居家學習。在這樣的語言環境中，他們不能和說英語的同學接觸，從而失去了大量練習英語的時間。所以選擇C。而D選項learningenvironment將范圍擴大了，應為學習語言的環境。7．答案與解析：B考查段落大意。本段第一句話就講到對于一般只用英語交流的人來說，也有相似的影響，主要體現在他們的方言上。由于與家人或室友在一起的時間更多，人們會無意識地適應和我們對話的人的方言，所以語言上會越來越像家人或室友，多少都會帶上對方的方言。8．答案與解析：D考查推理判斷。本題主要考查作者的寫作方式。從第二段“Allofasudden,thepandemichaspeoplelikeyouandmewithnomedicalbackgroundstalkingliketrueepidemiologists(specialistswhostudydiseases).”以及最后一段“Inthissense,whatthisnationallockdowndoestoouraccentsislikewhenwehavebeenonanextendedholidayabroadwiththefamily.Maybewhenwecanfinallysocialiseagain,wewillbeabletoguesswhereeachother'sroommatesarefrom.”，作者使用“Allofasudden,withnobackgrounds,true,anextendedholiday,beabletoguess”等詞，可以看出作者是用一種輕松幽默的語氣寫這篇文章。Ⅱ.七選五【語篇解讀】