高二英語選修８名詞性從句的復習RelatedConception(相關概念)什么是名詞？表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當中一般可以作什么成分?TheboyisLiMing.Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主語表語同位語賓語在英語的句子結構中，本來該由名詞充當的主語、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個句子來充當,這個句子就叫名詞性從句。什么是名詞性從句?

Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.

Ibelieve(that)heishonest.

Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.

Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.

主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句NounClausessubjectiveclause主語從句objectiveclause賓語從句predicativeclause表語從句appositiveclause同位語從句1.名詞性從句的語序(陳述句語序)；2.幾對重要關聯詞的區別:whether\if,what\that,what\whatever,who\whoever,etc;3.it用作形式主語或形式賓語代替主語從句或賓語從句；4.根據具體情景選用適當的關聯詞。高考考查熱點引導名詞性從句的連接詞引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：連接代詞：連接副詞：that,whether,if(不充當從句的任何成分）what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which…when,where,how,why…

主語從句一個句子在復合句中充當主語叫主語從句。e.g._____theearthisroundistrue.________shewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.____youaredoingseemsverydifficult._____theywillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.

ThatWhetherWhatWhen引導主語從句的連詞是不能省略的。

ThattheearthisroundistrueThat-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末，例如：

Itistruethattheearthisround.

It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.你非走不可真是件憾事。Attention2.表示“是否”意義時，一般用whether而不用if引導主語從句，

Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.3.有時可用形式主語it代替主語從句：

e.g.Itisstillaquestionwhethershewillcomeornot.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhentheywillstart.

用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系：It+be+形容詞+that-從句

Itisnecessarythat…有必要……

Itisimportantthat…重要的是……

Itisobviousthat…很明顯……b.It+be+-ed分詞+that-從句

Itisbelievedthat…人們相信……

Itisknowntoallthat…從所周知……

Ithasbeendecidedthat…已決定……

c.It+be+名詞+that-從句

Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常識

Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是……

Itisafactthat…事實是……d.It+不及物動詞+that-分句

Itappearsthat…似乎……

Ithappensthat…碰巧……

Itoccurstomethat…

我突然想起……

1.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter練一練！

what與that在引導名詞性從句時的區別:what引導名詞性從句時在從句中充當句子成分,如主語,賓語,表語,表示…的.而that則不然,它在句子中只起連接作用,沒有意義.(1)_____yousaidyesterdayisright.(2)_____theearthgoesaroundthesuniswell-knowntoeverybody.

WhatThat特別提醒:1.that引導主語從句時不充當句子成分.2.表“是否”意義時,用whether引導主語從句,而不用if,whether也常與ornot連用.特別注意：A.在主語從句中，只有用it作形式主語時,whether和if都能引導主語從句,否則,也只能用whether。如:

Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhether(if)weshallattendthemeeting.1.____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.Anyone

B.ThepersonC.Whoever

D.Who2._____thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That3.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It4.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknown

B.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbee5.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,________ourastronautsdesiretodoistowalkinspace.

A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how6.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.

A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how

賓語從句在句中充當及物動詞或介詞賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。我不知道你會來這里。Idon’tknow（that）youwillcomehere.注意：that在從句中不充當任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常常被省去。特別提示1.由連接詞that引導賓語從句時，that在句中不擔任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句前的that不可省。Hesaid____hehadeatennothingforalongtimeand____hewasveryhungry.A.that,/B./,thatC./,/D.what,whatB2.下列賓語從句必須用whether引導，不可用if:a.

從句后有or

not

時，不可用if:Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.

b.

介詞賓語通常用whether引導:Itdependson

whether

heiscomingornot.這要看他是否會來。

c.后接動詞不定式時。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告訴我是去還是留？3.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等關聯詞引導的賓語從句相當于特殊疑問句，應注意句子語序要用陳述語序。

翻譯:1.你知道他多大了?我想知道他告訴了你什么。Iwanttoknow___________________.

她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。Shealwaysthinksof_____________凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。Shewillgive__________________awarmsupport.Doyouknowhowoldheis?whathehastoldyou.howshecanwork

well.whoeverneedshelp4.賓語從句中的否定轉移我認為他不會來這里Ithinkhewon’tcomehere.()Idon’tthinkhewillcomehere.()注意：如果賓語從句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等詞引導的時候，要將從句中的否定形式轉移到主句中去。5.it充當形式賓語的情況.findconsiderthinkbelievefeelmake…+it+adj./n.+(forsb.)todosth.

that從句翻譯:1.我覺得我們輸掉這場比賽是一種恥辱.

2.我們發現與他相處很容易.Iconsideritashamethatwehavelostthegame.Wefinditeasytogetalongwithhim.表語從句一個句子在復合句中充當表語就叫表語從句.表語從句放在連系動詞后，如：be，seem,

remain等，有時用asif引導。其基本結構為：主語+系動詞+that從句。

e.g.

我們的目的是他能認識到錯誤。Ourpurposeis_______________________.注意：引導表語從句的連接詞一般不省略。問題是它是否值得做。Thequestionis________________________.thathecanrealizehisfaults.whetheritisworthdoing.注意：表語從句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”特別提醒1.表語從句中的時態不受主句的限制.2.

表語從句是不用if引導的,要用whether.３．主語是reason時，表語從句常用that，不用because.

Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.4.兩個常見句式:Thatiswhy…這就是…的原因Thatisbecause…這就是為什么…(1).Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatis______hehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.(2).Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatis_____hedidnotseeitlastnight.(3)Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_____Idisgree.becausewhywhere----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.

----Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)

A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where

2.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.

A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that

3.Goandgetyourcoat．It's____youleftit．

A.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere4.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.for

B.because

C.since

D.that5.Thecityisnolonger________.A.whatitis

B.thatitusedtobe

C.whichitwasD.whatitused

tobe6.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.

A.ifB.whetherC./D.that

4.同位語從句同位語從句屬于名詞性從句,大多由從屬連詞that引導,常常跟在fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark,hope,belief等名詞后面。同位語從句一般用來解釋或說明這些名詞的具體含義或內容,在邏輯上表現為同為關系。Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion_____allmatterconsistsofatoms.Wheredidyougettheidea_____Icouldnotcome.Thesuggestioncamefromthechairman_____thenewruleshouldbeadopted.thatthatthat（一）1、Doyouknowwhere

now?A、helivesB、doesheliveC、helivedD、didhelive2、Canyoutellmewhattime

？A、thetrainleaveB、doesthetrainleaveC、willthetrainleaveD、thetrainleaves3、Ican’tunderstand_______

A、whatdoesChristmasmeanB、whatChristmasdoesmeanC、whatmeanChristmasdoesD、whatChristmas