國際音標（英語語音）中文諧音兀音單兀音前元音[i：][i][e][?]衣?衣礙嘴張小點。艾嘴張大點中元音[?][?:][?]阿鵝~鵝[u：][u][?:][?][a:] 1 * 1 后兀音唔?唔哦?哦啊?雙兀音開合雙兀音[ei][ai][?i][?u][au]字母A的音字母I的音單詞boy的尾音字母O的音傲單詞cow的尾音集中雙兀音[i?][8?][u?]衣-餓單詞ear的音哎-餓單詞air的音烏-餓單詞sure的尾音輔音爆破音清輔音[p][t][k]活潑（無）特克濁輔音[b][d][g]搏斗（無）的各摩擦音清輔音[f][s][?][0][h]父絲西嘶舌抵上齒喝濁輔音[V][z][?][e]午子衣嗞幺舌抵上齒破擦音清輔音[t?][tr][ts]吃戳次濁輔音[d?][dr][dz]知捉字鼻音（濁輔音）[m][n][?]姆呢。恩~類似牛叫舌則音（濁輔音）[l][r]勒（兀音前）；爾（詞尾略（兀音前）[w][j]兀音（濁輔音）生活（無）葉子（無）*清音，即全體清輔音；濁音，即全體兀音和全體輔音*[?]又叫長鼻音或者后鼻音/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/key/ki:/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t//i/it/it/big/big/city/siti/give/giv/sick/sik//e/get/get/best/best/text/tekst/help/help//?/fat/f?t/have/h?v/cat/k?t/back/b?k/hat/h?t//a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k//?:/horse/h?:s/saw/s?:/corn/k?:n/course/k?:s/salt/s?:t//?/dog/d?g/pot/p?t/cost/k?st/what/w?t/honest/'?nist//u:/food/fu:d/moon/mu:n/rule/ru:l/loose/lu:s/noon/nu:n//u/book/buk/put/put/good/gud/would/wud/could/kud//?/must/m?st/does/d?z/money/'m?ni/ugly/'?gli/come/k?m//?:/nurse/n?:s/bird/b?:d/burn/b?:n/turn/t?:n/girl/g?:l//?/better/bet?/never/nev?/worker/w?:k?/welcome/welk?m//ei/may/mei/name/neim/game/geim/eight/eit/age/eid?//?u/no/n?u/home/h?um/hope/h?up/wrote/r?ut/note/n?ut/pose/p?uz//ai/eye/ai/time/taim/buy/bai/right/rait/bike/baik/kite/kait//au/now/nau/out/aut/how/hau/about/ ?'baut/south/sau°/house/haus//?i/boy/b?i/toy/t?i/noise/n?iz/voice/v?is/point/p?int//i?/ear/i?/near/ni?/idea/ai'di?/hear/hi?/mere/mi?/spear/spi?//￡?/air/￡?/tear/t￡?/care/k￡?/dare/d￡?/fair/f￡?/there/e￡?//u?/tour/tu?/poor/pu?/sure/?u?/moor/mu?/（停泊）your/ju?//p/pea/pi:/pie/pai/top/t?p/cap/k?p/people/pi:pl/pride/praid//b/bee/bi:/by/bai/buy/bai/black/bl?k/bear/b^?//d/led/led/sad/s?d/feed/fi:d/do/du:/dear/di/k/lack/l?k/take/teik/clock/kl?k/class/kla:s/weekend/'wi:kend//g/big/big/lag/l?g/glass/gla:s/gum/g?m/good/gud/guest/gest//f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/s?:f/favorite/'feiv?rit//d/led/led/sad/s?d/feed/fi:d/do/du:/dear/di/k/lack/l?k/take/teik/clock/kl?k/class/kla:s/weekend/'wi:kend//g/big/big/lag/l?g/glass/gla:s/gum/g?m/good/gud/guest/gest//f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/s?:f/favorite/'feiv?rit//v/very/'veri/five/faiv/fever/fi:v?/serve/s?:v/never/'nev?//0/bath/ba:0/（v洗澡）thick/Oik/mouth/mau0/breath/bre0/（n呼吸）/e/the/e?/they/eei/that/e?t/mother/'m?e?/thus/e?s/then/een//s/face/feis/mouse/maus/cakes/keiks/caps/k?ps/likes/laiks//z/close/kl?uz/keys/ki:z/boys/b?iz/pens/penz/halves/ha:vz//t?/catch/k?t?/cheep/t?i:p/rich/rit?/watch/wt?/child/t?aild//d?/orange/'?rid?/large/la:d?/juice/d?u:s/job/d??b//tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/true/tru:/trouble/traubl/track/tr?k//dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/dri?k/hundred/'h?ndrid//?/she/?i:/sharp/?a:p/fish/fi?/shock/??k/shoe/?u://?/pleasure/'ple??/measure/'me??/television/'telivi??n//ts/let's/lets/sports/sp?:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts//dz/hands/h?ndz/birds/b?:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz//h/he/hi:/hard/ha:d/him/him/heard/h/l/like/laik/late/leit/learn/l?:n/lead/li:d/light/lait//m/my/mai/more/m?:/seem/si:m/meat/mi:t/mind/maind/men/men//n/nice/nais/wind/waind/mind/maind//?rain/rein/fine/:fai^^ia:^/sing/si?/sing/si?/wing/wi?/ring/ri/j/you/ju://long/l??/beautiful/bju:t?fl/'mju:zik/few/fju:/yard/ja:d/music//w/work/w?:k/student/'stju:dnt/way/wei/well/wel/what/w?t/few/fju:/yard/ja:d/music//w/work/w?:k/student/'stju:dnt/way/wei/well/wel/what/w?t/twelve/twelv/twin/twin//r/red/red/road/r?ud/write/rait/wrong/r /problem/pr?bl?m/附：常見的字母與字母組合發音規則元音字母及元音字母組合拼讀規則元音字母的發音元音字母a重讀開音節［ei］paper;late;make;lake;face重讀閉音節［?］bag;fat;cat;ladder;mass（*例外：any一些［e］;many許多［e］）非重讀音節［?］或［i］即：［?］ ago;along;among;above;aloud［i］comrade;village;manager；palace;private necklace*連續相同的輔音（字母），一般只發一個音，而且歸屬后一個音節段。如上的ladder,village.4.在字母w或wh后面，發［?］was;wash;what;want;（*例外：water水［?:］）在諸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath組合里，重讀時均發［a：］即：dance;France;chanceask;mask;task;basketclass;grass;glass;pass; （*例外：mass［?］）fast;cast;past;last;master;father;path;bath; （*例夕卜：maths［?］）（二） 元音字母e重讀開音節［i:］me;he;she;these;evening重讀閉音節［e］hen;get;set;tell;echo非重讀音節［i］useless;ticket;basket;pocket;before;below;（三） 元音字母i或y重讀開音節［ai］China;try;my;hi;time;guide;重讀閉音節［i］sit;hit;ill;little;system;非重讀音節［i］unit;study（四） 元音字母o重讀開音節［?u］no;so;go;home;photo;重讀閉音節［?］not;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;非重讀音節［?］purpose;concern在字母m,n,v或th之前，均發［?］son;month;come;ton;（* 例夕卜：Tom［?］）love;dove;glove;above;anothermother;brother;become;some5.兩個單詞：woman‘［wu-m?n］女人（單數）；women［‘wi-min］女人（復數）（五） 元音字母u重讀開音節［ju:］pupil;student;use;cube重讀閉音節［?］或［u］即：［?］ cut;luck;umbrella;us［u］ put;full;pull非重讀音節［?］autumn;August;support元音字母組合的拼讀規則（―）元音字母a的字母組合或ay在重讀音節中［ei］rain;train;brain;painday;may;play;stay;lay*ay在非重讀音里［i］或［ei］Sunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday+絕大多數輔音字母［?:］small;wall;call;talk;walk ;chalk或[?:l]also;always*al后面是k時，只發[?:]al+f或m時，al發[a:]half;calm-al在詞尾非重讀[(?)l]medal;metal;(例外canal運河，重音在后[?l])在重讀時[a:ns]chance;dance;France在非重讀時[?ns]importance;performance;ambulance非重讀[?nt]assistant;important ;peasant一般[eind?]change;danger;strange;(*但orange[ind?])一般[id?]village;carriage;marriage一般重讀時[a:sk]ask;mask;task;basket—般重讀時[a:s]class;glass;grass;pass;(* 但mass[?])一般重讀時[a:st]last;past;fast;cast-aste 一般殳[eist]waste;paste;taste一般[a:0]bath;path;(*但maths[?0])或[a:e]father;rather;(*但gather[?e])一般[?:]cause;autumn;August;(*但because[?])-augh(t)[ ?:(t)]caught;taught;daughter(*例外：laugh[la:f])[?:]draw;saw;law;awful在字母w或wh后面，a發[?]was;wash;want;what;(* 但water[?:])重讀音時[a:]party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;star在字母w或音卬]后面時[?:]war;warm;warn;towards;*quarter在非重讀音時[-?]beggar;dollar;solar—般[-￡?]hare;bare;dare;stare;rare;care;parent一般[-￡?]chair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair一般[eibl]able;cable;table;stable（二）元音字母e的組合重讀音節有四個音，分別是下列：-ea[i:]team;meat;lead;teach;read;mean;please;steal-ea[e]threat;bread;meant;read（ 過去式和過去分詞）;peasant-ea[i?]real;really-ea[ei]great;break[i:]feel;week;keep;three;steel;street;sweep;see*但是一個例外：coffee[i][i?]deer;pioneer;engineer;volunteer重讀音節[?:]her;term;service;Germany非重讀[?]worker;paper;western;teacher特殊讀法[a:]clerk[i?]here;mere-ere 或者發[s?]there;where有三種音，分別是：-ear[i?]ear;dear;near;clear;tear（n.）;beard-ear[?:]early;earth;learn;heard-ear[a:]heart*tear作為動詞時，發[￡?][ei]eight;weigh;weight-ei[ai]height-ei[i:]receive重讀[ei]they;hey;survey-ey重讀[i:]key-ey非重讀[i]monkey;donkey;valley;volleyball*-et非重讀[it]pocket;ticket;rocket一般[ju:]new;few;knew-ew或者發[u:]grew;threw-ew還可以發[?u]sew[id?]college[ist]biggest;modest;happiest;12.詞尾的-ed在濁音后[d]lived;studied-ed在清音后[t]worked;finished-ed在字母t或d后[id]wanted;needed(三)元音字母i或y的組合在重讀音節中，或在輔音字母前，發[i:]field;piece;achieve-ie在詞尾[ai]lie;die;tie(t)在重讀音節[ai(t)]high;night;light;bright在重讀音節[?:]girl;firm;circle;first;third在重讀音節[‘ai?]fire;tired;hire;retired;wire[aild]child;wild[aind]find;kind;mind;wind;(* 但window[ind])[i?]king;wing;sing;doing;making(a)tion[(ei) ?n]nation;pronunciation;information ；composition-stion[t?n]question-sion[?n]或[?n]mission使命；precision精密在詞尾[ai]good-bye;bye-bye[ist]list;fist;（四）元音字母o的組合在重音時[?u]boat;coat;road;goat;toad-oar在重音時[?:]blackboard;aboard,-oy在重音時[?i]boiler;point;join;oilboy;toy;joy;loyal—般[u:]soon;too;zoo;room;noon;food;mood;boot;moon*單詞room和其他名詞構成合成詞時，常發短音。如classroom[u]等等在字母k或有時在t，d之前時[u]cook;look;book;took;foot;good在重音時[?:]for;horse;important;morning;born-or在字母w后面[?:]work;word;world;worse;worth（*但是wore,worn例外，均發[?:]）-or在非重音時[?]monitor;doctor;professor;forget;forwards;forgive;conductor一般[?:]board;aboard;blackboard一般[?:]或在美式英語里發[??]door;floor-oor還發[u?]poor在重音時[?:]snore;more;before;foreign;forest—般[au]shout;loud;round;found-ou還發[?]country;countryside;trouble-ou還發[u:]wound;wounded（t）發[?:（t）]ought;brought;bought;fought;thought（*例外：cough[k?f]）[?u]toe;hoe;Joe[?uld]old;hold;cold;told[?ust]post;most;host;ghost（*例外cost[?st]）在重音時[au]sour;our;hour;還發[?:]four;course;pour還發[u?]tour;gourd-our在詞尾（非重音）[?]colour;neighbour;favourite在重音時[au]now;cow;down;how;town-ow在重音或非重音中[?u]low;yellow;below;follow;growtomorrow;window;widow;know;show（五）元音字母u的組合在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均發[u]如：full;bull;pull;push;bush字母l,r或j+u構成的開音節，u發[u:]rule;true;blue;June在詞尾[ju:]argue;continue在字母j或r后面時，發[u:]fruit;juice-ui在字母b或g后面，或者緊接重音節后面的一個音節時發[i]如：build;guilty;biscuit（* 即就是說字母u不發音）在重音時[?:]turn;return;Thursday;nurse;purse在非重音時[?]surprise;Saturday-ure在重音時[（j）u?]pure[ju?];manure[ju?];sure[u?]-ture發[t??]picture;future;mixture(II)輔音字母及輔音字母組合的拼讀規則 輔音字母一般都發字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面試列舉如下：在一般情況下[b]back；big;lab;brotherb和u在一起，u常發[i]building;b和u在一起，-bt一般[t]debt;doubt在字母e,i或y前面時[s]city;Bruce;juice;bicycle ;face;centralc在字母a,o或u,或者在輔音字母前[k]cup;cold;cattle;duck;bicycle;cap;cut;class;c在詞尾時也發[k]，但后面有e,那還發[s]gymnastic[k];music[k]grace[s];Bruce[s]-cc在元音字母a,o,u和輔音字母之前[k]occasion;according;occupy;acclaim在元音字母e和i之前[ks]accent;success-ci有時發[?]social-ch有三種音[t?][k]或[?]如下：[t?]China;rich;chick;chalk[k]school;chemist;chemistry;chemical;ache;technology[ ?]machine;parachute;moustache-tch[t?]catch;match;fetch;hatch;butcher-ck[k]duck;luck;ticket;pocket;black;cock在一般情況下[d]did;made;desk;duck;doubt;damage-ds發[dz]birds;handsdr在元音字母前[dr]dry;dress;driver;drill-dge一般[d?]bridge;fridge;judge;edge在一般情況下[f]five;flag;life;leaf在字母e,i或y前面[d?]large;general;gymnastics;age;energy* 例夕卜：give;forgive;get;forget等,g都發[g]在字母a,o或u,或者在輔音字母前[g]goat;game;guard;ghost;glass在詞尾也發[g]big;egg;fig;flag-gn[n]，即g不發音foreign;sign;gnaw-gh發[f]或[-]（*既不發音）[-]high;thought;light;brought[f]laugh;cough-dge發[d?]bridge;knowledge;judge*gue-,gua-和gui-在詞首時一般u都不發音guess;guest;guard;guide而-gue在詞尾發[g]league;colleague在一般情況下[h]help;behave;hello;hit;hurryh在字母r或x后面不發音rhino;exhibition在一般情況下[d?]joy;judge;injure;journey;January;jar;just在一般情況下[k]king;milk;kick;kiss;lock;knockk后面是n時，k不發音，即kn發[n]knock;knee;know;knowledge;knife在元音字母前發[l]（*即“勒”音，供參考）light；look;let;lab;livel在輔音字母或詞尾時發[l]（*即“爾”音，供參考）cold；sell;chalk在一般4'情況下[m]meet;meat;mother;come;make;Tomm后面是b時,b不發音,即-mb發[m]comb;tomb;climb;bomber在一般情況下[n]in;now;next;ton;nestn在m后面時，n常不發音，即-mn發[m]autumn;column但后面有后綴或構成合成詞，則n還要發音的autumnal;columnist-ng常發[?]或[?g]發[?]sing;king;English;young發[?g]finger;younger;language-nk常發[?k]bank;sink;sank;sunk;ink;thank在一般情況下[p]map;cap;people;pest-ph[f]photo;phantom;philosophy;physics;phrase在—般情況下[k]unique;chequequ一般發[kw]quarter;quick;quilt;quiet;quite;queen在元音字母前才發音[r]（*即音同“略”供參考）room;read;rest;aroundr在輔音字母或詞尾前，一般不發音car;star;jarrh在元音字母前只發［r］rhyme;rhino;rhetoric在詞首和詞尾、清輔音之前或之后,或者在詞尾同時在短元音之后，一般發［s］如：see;some;set;sister;works;lips;newspaper;yes;this注：一條發音習慣，歐美人在發［s］音后面的清輔音時，習慣上把該清輔音發成相對應的濁輔音（而書寫音標的時候，還是寫成清輔音），試舉例如下：如：school---音標［sku:l］，而習慣念成［sgu:l］street---音標［stri:t］,而習慣念成［sdri:t］stubborn---音標［‘st?bn］,而習慣念成［‘sd?bn］student---音標［‘stju:d?n