2021年上海高三高考模擬英語試卷(第一輯-模擬與提高九)-學生用

卷

一、GmammarandVocabulary(本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分)

1、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬(第一輯-模擬與提高九)第21~30題10分

TheXFactor

Tensofmillionsoftelevisionviewersaroundtheworldhavebecomefamiliarwiththemusicaltalent

showTheXFactor,whichhasbecomeaninternationalbrandIitoriginated

inBritainin2004.

TheBritishversionoftheshowhasbeenenormously

successful.2(broadcast)onSaturdayeveningsbetweenAugustand

December,itiswatchedbyanaverageofaround13millionpeople-morethanafifthofthepopulation.

Thestudioaudienceisextremelyenthusiasticandthefourjudges,3givetheir

opinionsimmediatelyaftereachperformance,areusuallylaughedatiftheymakenegativecomments.The

TVaudiencevotesbytelephone4theirfavouriteact.OnSundayeveningthe

results5(announce)inafollow-upshow.Thetwoactswhoreceivethefewest

votesfromthepublicnormallyhavetoperformagaininthefollow-up

show,6(leave)theirfateinthehandsofthejudges:theonethejudgesthink

hassung7(well)staysinthecompetition,buttheloseriseliminated.

InBritain,winningTheXFactorenablesasingerorgroup8(make)alot

ofmoneyfromtheirmusic,atleastintheshortterm.Inmostyears,forexample,thefirstsinglebythe

winner,releasedinDecember,hasreachedthetopofthesingleschartsbyChristmas.

Somepeople,however,thinktheprogrammehastoomuchinfluenceonthemusicbuyingpublic,

whichis9in2009therewasasuccessfulcampaigntoencouragepeopleto

buyanalternativesingleandthereforeensurethesongbyTheXFactor's

winnerH)(be)numberoneatChristmas.

2、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（第一輯-模擬與提高九）第31?40題10分

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.

Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.deniesB.domesticC.economicallyD.employment

E.handfulElargelyG.notesH.political

[.proportionJ.remainsK.unthinkable

InternationalWomen'sDay

On8thMarchthisyear,eventsmarkingInternationalWomen'sDay(IWD)wereheldinmany

countriesaroundtheworld.IthasbeenmorethanahundredyearssincetheveryfirstIWDwasheld,in

a(n)IofEuropeancountries,in1911.

Backthen,thefirstIWDeventsinAustria,Denmark,GermanyandSwitzerlandwere

certainly2.Theywereprotestsbywomenagainstformsofgender

discrimination(性另U歧視)thatwouldnowbe3inmostpartsofthe

world:almostnowherewerewomenallowedtovote(Australia,FinlandandNewZealandweretheonly

countrieswherewomenvotedinnationalelections),andFinlandwastheonlycountrywithanyfemale

membersofanationalparliament(議會).Thegeneralexpectationworldwide,acrossdifferent

continentsandcultures,wasthatwomenwouldspendtheirlives4inthe

home,devotingthemselvestolookingaftertheirhusbandsandchildren.

The5ofwomenwhohadpaidemploymentwasfarlowerthantoday,

andwhenwomendidgoouttoworktheytypicallyearnedverylittle,meaningthey

were6dependentonmen.

Acenturylater,genderinequalityin7—particularlypay

inequality-isstilloneoftheissuesIWDtriestodrawattentionto:

it8common,ofcourse,forwomentoearnlessthanmenfordoing

exactlythesamejob.

Limitededucationalopportunities(therearemanycountriesinwhichgirlsgenerallystayfeweryears

inschoolthanboys)and9violencetowardswomenhavealsobeen

highlightedbyeventssurroundingIWDinrecentyears.

Andyet,astheIWDwebsite[0,alongsidethe"negatives*'thereare

plentyof"positives'*.Asjustoneexample,toreturntotheissueofwomenelectedtooffice,thechange

overthelasthundredyearshasbeensignificant.Since1911,whenthesmallgroupofwomeninthe

Finnishparliamentweretheonlyfemalesinpublicofficeworldwide,thegovernmentsofmorethanfifty

differentcountrieshavebeenledbywomen.

二、ReadingComprehension（本大題共30小題，共45分）

3、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（第一輯-模擬與提高九）第41~55題15分

First,itwaslowemissionzones——lawsrestrictingwherepollutingvehiclescangowithinatownor

city.InEuropemorethan200suchzoneshavebeen1.Now,national

governmentsaredeterminedtotakethenextstepinthefightagainstair

pollution:2onthesalesofgasanddiesel（柴油）vehicles.

IntheNetherlands,thegovernmentis3aplantoendthesalesof

gasanddieselvehiclesby2030.4,FranceandBritainhaveannounced

suchplansfor2040.InNorway,whichhasstrongtargetsforgettinggasanddieselcarsofftheroad,2017

wasthefirstyearinwhichelectricandhybrid（￥昆合的）vehiclesalesaccountedforover50percentof

totalsales.Indiasaysitwillelectrifyallnewvehiclesassoonas2030.

Thepushtogetgasanddieselvehiclesofftheroadisthe5of

continuingconcernsaboutcarbonemissionsandairpollution.TheWorldHealthOrganizationidentifies

airpollutionasthelargestenvironmentalhealthrisk,blaming3milliondeathsonoutdoorairpollution

eachyear."Manyofthesecountriesare6byclimatepolicygoalsand

reducinggreenhousegasemissions,*'saysJessikaTrancik,anassociateprofessorattheInstituteforData,

Systems,andSocietyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinCambridge.Choosing

to7anelectricvehicleinsteadofagas-fueledcartendstoreduce

greenhousegasemissions,saysDr.Trancik.Shenotesthatemissionssavingsdependonhowcleanthe

electricitysourceis,butinthemajorityoflocationsthesavingsare8.

Arecentdropinbatterypriceshasraisedenthusiasmforelectricvehiclesas

a（n）9togasanddieselmodels."Alotoftheexcitementaroundtheworld

regardingbanninggas-poweredvehiclesisdrivenbytheexcitementaroundtheelectricvehicle,"says

RolandHwang,managingdirectorfortheClimateandCleanEnergyProgramattheNaturalResources

DefenseCouncilinSanFrancisco.Thisexcitement"isreallydrivenbytheexcitementaroundtheprogress

of10technology0.

EvenifcountriesfulfilltheirpromisestoHtheproductionofgas

anddieselvehicles,gas-poweredcarswon'tdisappearfromroadwaysovernight,ascarspurchased

before12kickinwillstillbeallowedontheroad.However,some

nationshopetospeedthetransition（過渡）processbyfollowingtheproductionbanswitha

（n>13banofgasanddieselvehicles.Britainexpectsallcarsonitsroadsto

bezero-emissionby2050.

"Theincreasingnumberofvehicleemissionsrulesisplacing

the14industryonnotice,"saysMr.Hwang.HWhentalkingabout

banningthegas-poweredvehicle,it'snotreallyanimpracticalscheme.It'sactually

veryI5,and,?,howfasttheycandoitisreallythequestion."

A.establishedB.abandonedC.approachedD.surrounded

A.lossesB.discussionsC.commentsD.limits

A.pushingforwardB.makingupC.callingoffD.respondingto

A.ThereforeB.SimilarlyC.HoweverD.Contrarily

A.forceB.causeC.resultD.rule

A.motivatedB.frustratedC.characterizedD.spoiled

A.designB.purchaseC.identifyD.promote

A.vagueB.insignificantC.economicalD.substantial

A.appealB.alternativeC.solutionD.obstacle

A.batteryB.engineC.emissionD.gas

A.monitorB.encourageC.estimateD.eliminate

A.competitionsB.productionsC.regulationsD.influences

A.lastingB.temporaryC.overallD.partial

A.commerceB.serviceC.manufacture!）,auto

A.revolutionaryB.feasibleC.disputableD.rewarding

4、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（A篇）第56?59題8分

TheNewYorksubwaysystemisoneofthelargestintheworld,fenyingnearlyeightandahalf

millionpeoplearoundthecityeveryweek.Ridersfindmorethantransportationbelowthestreets;among

thedirtandthescreech（嘎吱聲）ofthetrains,thereisalsomusic.Thesubwaysystemislikeafree

concerthall,offeringalmosteverykindofmusic.

Youneverknowwhatyoumightencounter,dependingonthedayoftheweekandtheparticular

station.AtasubwayplatformbelowPennsylvaniaStationoneafternoonrecently,RawlMitchell,an

immigrantfromTrinidadandTobago,wasplayingthesteeldrums.Hesaidhe'sbeenperforminginthe

subwaysincethemid-1990s.'Thepeopledoappreciatethemusic,nhesaid."Theystandaroundlistening,

andifitpleasesthem,theyapplaudandputtheirmoneyinthecaseorwhatever.Theyusuallyclapandsay

thingslike'It'snice.1Theyoffermesomepositivefeedback."

Singer-songwriterRosateresa,whooftensingsonastationat14thStreet,hasbeenatitalmostaslong.

ShemovedfromPuertoRicotostudyclassicalvoiceseveraldecadesago."Mymissionistosinglikethe

jilguero,aPuertoRicanbird,whichwakesupthesun,usaidRosateresa.

MitchellandRosateresabothperformindependently,outsidethetransitauthority*sofficialnMusic

UnderNewYork"program,whichsponsor150performanceseachweek,bymorethan200individuals

andgroups.

LikeRosateresaandMitchell,musicianswhoparticipatein"MusicUnderNewYork"earnonly

whateverpeoplechoosetogive.OperasingersTomMcNicholsandPatriciaVital,partofagroupcalled

"OperaCollective",saidtheyloveperfbnninginthesubways,thoughitisn'tlucrative."Musicingeneralis

notaboutmoney,and'MusicUnderNewYork1isdefinitelymoreaboutmakingoperaaccessiblethanitis

aboutmakingaliving,"McNicholssaid.

(1)Accordingtothepassage,whatCANNOTbefoundintheNewYorksubwaysystem?

A.Alargenumberofpassengers.

B.Amateurorprofessionalmusicians.

C.Dirtandnoisemadebytrains.

D.Stagesliketheonesinconcerthalls.

(2)Whatisprobablythereasonwhypeopleareattractedbymusicunderthesubway?

A.Theycanenjoyfreemusicwhileontheirwayaround.

B.Theycanenjoyexoticperformancesfromforeigncountries.

C.Theycanencounteranykindofmusicatunexpectedplaces.

D.Theycanencounterprofessionalmusiciansoutofconcerthalls.

(3)WhatdoMitchellandRosateresahaveincommon?

A.TheybothcametotheUSAtofurthertheirstudyinmusic.

B.Theybothearnwhatpeoplechoosetogivethem.

C.Theybothworkforanofficialprogram.

D.Theybothwanttopromotethemusicfromtheirhomecountries.

(4)Theword"lucrative0inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.

A.veryworthwhile

B.veryprofitable

C.veryinfluential

D.verypopular

5、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（B篇）第60~62題6分

1CMED

WelcometotheofficialsiteofWICKED,playingonBroadwayattheGershwinTheatreinNewYork

CityandontourthroughoutNorthAmerica.Getindividualtickets,grouptickets,andpremiumticketsfor

themusicalTheNewYorkTimescalls"Broadway'sbiggestblockbuster',.

Winnerofover50majorawardsincludingtheGrammyAwardandthreeTonyAwards,WICKEDis

theuntoldstoryofthewitchesofOz.LongbeforeDorothydropsin,twoothergirlsmeetinthelandofOz.

One,bornwithemerald-greenskin,issmartfiery(脾氣暴躁的)andmisunderstood.Theotheris

beautiful,ambitiousandverypopular.WICKEDtellsthestoryoftheirremarkableadventurousjourney—

howthesetwounlikelyfriendsgrowtobecometheWickedWitchoftheWestandGlindatheGood.

NOTE:Recommendedageforchildrenis8andup.Nochildrenunder5admittedRunningtimefor

theshowis2hoursand30minutes,plusa15-minuteintermission.

GreatseatsalgreatpricesSeeWICKEDthis

sprlngl

StudentspecialshowyourcollegeIDatthe

boxofficetoget$67tickets(selectperfs4/29-

5/29)

BestavailabilityatTuesdayandWednesday

eveningperformances

(1)WhatisWICKED?

A.Anaward-winningmusical.

B.ABroadwaytheatre.

C.Acharacterinaplay.

D.Apopularfilm.

(2)WhatdoesthestoryofWICKEDtell?

A.HowDorothycomesintothelandofOz.

B.Howtwodifferentgirlsbecomeunlikelyfriends.

C.HowDorothymeetsthetwoothergirlsofOz.

D.HowtwogirlsbecomeimportantwitchesofOz.

（3）Whichofthefollowingisamostappropriatetipforcollegestudentsgoingtotheboxoffice?

A.ArrivingattheboxofficeonSundayafternoons.

B.Gettingaticketthisspringo

C.BringingthestudentIDcards.

D.Checkingonlinefirst.

6、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（C篇）第63?66題8分

IfsomeonehadsuggestedsixyearsagothatthetimewouldcomewhenTheHuffingtonPostwona

PulitzerPrizeandTheWashingtonPostdidn't,fewintherelativelyconservative（保守的）worldofthe

U.S.presswouldhavebelievedit.

ButTheHuffingtonPostwasindeedonthelistwhenthisyear'swinnerswereannouncedafewweeks

ago.TheAmericannewswebsite,contentaggregator（內容聚合類網站）andblogwonagreatlydesired

PulitzerfornationalreportingfortheworkofitsmilitaryjournalistDavidWood.

Sixyearsago,thePulitzerPrizes,journalism'smostadmiredawards,firstdippedatoeinthedigital

waterbysuggestingthatelementsofonlinematerialmightbeacceptablefornewspaperentries.Itwasn't

until2009thattherequirementfortheretobeanewspaperattachedtotheentrywasdropped,with"online

newssites"allowedtoenter.

SigGissler,Administeroftheprizes,pointsthatwhatisconsideredasPulitzer-qualifiedhasextended

andnowreads,"EntriesmustbebasedonmaterialcomingfromaUnitedStatesnewspaperornewssite

thatpublishesatleastweeklyduringtheveryyearandthatfollowsthehighestjournalistic

principles."However,Gisslersaysthatastheawardswerecreated"veryfirmlyfbrnewspaper

journalism",theredrawingofthisdefinitionisunavoidable-thoughclearlyachallengingtask—asthe

newspaperdisappears.

Acloserexaminationofthe2012listshowswhatawidespreadtransformationhastakenplaceina

shorttime.Forexample,thebreakingnewscategorywinner,TuscaloosaNews,enteredtenarticlesfrom

itspaper,butdemonstrateditsfacilityinthecategorylargelythroughsocialmediawebsites,posting

dozensofupdatesandlivereportsincoveringadestructivetornadowhichhadrippedthroughthetown.

Ifthereisanyoneleftwhothinksthewidespreadadoptionofbreakingnewstechniques,platformsand

web-firstreportingisleadingtoadeclineinquality,thisyear*slistofPulitzerisastrongcounter-argument,

butitislikelytobeonlythebeginningofafarfastertransformation.

（1）WhichofthefollowingisaproofthattheworldoftheU.S.pressiskindofconservative?

A.TheHuffingtonPostwinsaPulitzerPrize.

B.TheWashingtonPostfailstowinaPulitzerPrize.

C.PeopleareshockedwhenTheHuffingtonPostisoneofthewinners.

D.PeopleareshockedwhenTheWashingtonPostfailstobeawinner.

(2)WhichofthefollowingistrueofTheHuffingtonPostaccordingtothepassage?

A.Itisoneofthetraditionalnot-so-famousnewspapersoftheU.S.

B.ItisawebsiteandblogthatcollectsnewsreportsaroundtheU.S.

C.ItisamajorcompetitorofTheWashingtonPostformanyyears.

D.Itisamilitarynewswebsitethathiresfamousindependentreporters.

(3)WhichofthefollowingentriesmayNOTbeacceptedbythePulitzerPrizesAdminister?

A.MaterialscomingfromaU.S.magazinethatpublishestwiceamonth.

B.Articlespublishedonadailynewspaperofasmalldistributionamount.

C.Postsonapopularnewswebsitethatdoesn'thaveaprintedversion.

D.Onlinelivereportscoveringaneventthatisofsignificantinfluence.

(4)Whathasthisyear'slistofPulitzerdemonstratedaboutthefutureofthepress?

A.ThePulitzer-qualifiedpointswillneedtobefurtherextended.

B.Morebreakingnewstechniquesandplatformsareboundtoappear.

C.Onlinenewswebsitesandweb-firstreportingwillcontinuetobloom.

D.AfastertransformationoftheworldoftheU.S.pressisabouttocome.

7、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬(第一輯-模擬與提高九)第67?70題8分

NoiseofOpenOfficeContributestoEmployee

Stress

Themodernopenofficewasdesignedforteambuilding,butismostlydistinguishedbyitshighnoise

levels,lackofprivacyandsufferingsofbothdigitalandhumandistractions.Andindeed,severaldecades

ofresearchhaveconfirmedthatopen-planofficesaregenerallyassociatedwithgreateremployeestress,

poorerco-workingrelationsandreducedsatisfactionwiththephysicalenvironment.Buttherearesome

waystocombatthoseeffectsandstillbeproductive.

Thenoiseoftheopenofficeisoneofemployees*chiefcomplaintsaboutit,andresearchshowsthat

thecontinualnoisecanactuallyweakenourmotivation.1Althoughwedon*t

yethaveresearchevidenceontheuseofprivatemusicintheoffice—expertssaythatthisapproachcould

beeffective.

2Designersandmanagersbelievedthatoncethewallscamedown,

workerswouldbemorelikelytohavethekindofcasualconversationsthatcaninspirenewideas.

However,researchshowsthatwhileconversationsareindeedfrequentamongemployeesinopenoffices,

theytendtobeshortandsuperficial-preciselybecausetherearesomanyotherearsaroundto

listen.3Goonawalkaroundtheblockoratriptothecoffeeshot,orslipinto

anemptyconferenceroom.

Theoriginalpromotersofopen-planofficesalsohopedthatthesettingwouldmakeco-workers

availabletohelponeanother.4InastudyreleasedbyagroupofGermanand

Swissresearchers,participantswhorequestedhelpwithataskperformedbetter,whilethosewhosupplied

assistancedidworse.Inordertominimizetheinterference,theyrecommendthatworkerssetasideablock

oftimeeachdaywhentheyarenottobedisturbed.

A.Anotherfrequentcomplaintisthelackofprivacyinanopenoffice.

B.Findthesourceofthenoisemaynotbeaseasyasonemaythink.

C.Lookaroundandyou，11seethatmanyworkersdealwiththisproblembywearing

headphones.

D.So,findprivatespacestotalktoyourcolleagues.

E.That*sgreatforthehelpseeker,notsogreatforthehelpgiverwhohashisown

worktodo.

F.Usingthetelephoneonyourdeskisagoodwayofpreventingaprivate

conversationfrombeingheard.

三、SummaryWriting（本大題共1小題，共10分）

8、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（第一輯-模擬與提高九）第71題10分

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaandthemain

point（s）ofthepassage.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

WhatHappenstoLanguageasPopulationsGrow?

Languageswithlotsofspeakers,suchasEnglishandChinese,havelargevocabularieswithrelatively

simplegrammar.Yettheoppositeisalsotrue:Languageswithfewerspeakershavefewerwordsbut

complexgrammar.

Throughcomputersimulations,aCornellUniversitycognitivescientistandhiscolleagueshave

shownthateaseoflearningmayexplainwhythenumberofspeakershasoppositeeffectsonvocabulary

andgrammar.

"Wewereabletoshowthatwhethersomethingiseasytolearn—likewords—orhardtolearn—like

complexgrammar—canexplaintheseopposingtendencies,usaidco-authorMortenChristiansen,

professorofpsychologyatCornellUniversityandco-directoroftheCognitiveScienceProgram.

Theresearcherssupposedthatwordsareeasiertolearnthanaspectsofgrammar.uYouonlyneeda

fewexposurestoawordtolearnit,soit'seasierforwordstopropagate,nhesaid."Butlearninganew

grammaticalinnovationrequiresalengthierlearningprocess.Andthat*sgoingtohappenmorereadilyina

smallerspeechcommunity,becauseeachpersonislikelytointeractwithalargeproportionofthe

community,"hesaid."Ifyouhavetohavemultipleexposuresto,say,acomplexgrammarrule,insmaller

communitiesit*seasierforittospreadandbemaintainedinthepopulation."

"Conversely,inalargecommunity,likeabigcity,onepersonwilltalkonlytoasmallproportionof

thepopulation.Thismeansthatonlyafewpeoplemightbeexposedtothatcomplexgrammarrule,making

itharderforittosurvive,Mhesaid.

"Thesimulationssuggestthatlanguage,andpossiblyotheraspectsofculture,maybecomesimpleras

ourworldbecomesincreasinglyinterconnected,MChristiansensaid.nThisdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatall

culturewillbecomeoverlysimple.Butperhapsthemainstreampartswillbecomesimplerovertime."

"Notallhopeislostforthosewhowanttomaintaincomplexculturaltraditions,nhesaid."Peoplecan

self-organizeintosmallercommunitiestocounteractthatdrivetowardsimplification.n

四、Translation（本大題共4小題，共15分）

9、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（第一輯-模擬與提高九）第72題

翻譯

最近你有什么煩心事嗎？（mind）

10、【來源】2021年上海高三高考模擬（第一輯-模擬與提高九）第73題

翻譯

有些人總是喜歡在公眾場合大聲討論自己的私事。（talk）

11、