八年級上冊

Units3、4

FacetheChallengesRichandpoor,youngandold,weallhaveproblems.Weshouldlearnwhattodowithourproblems.Herearesomeways.First,weshouldlearntoforget.Sometimesweareangrywithourfriends.Goodfriendshipsmaybelost.Sometimeschildrenhavedisagreementsanddecidenottotalktoeachother.However,thisusuallydoesnotlastforlong.Thisisanimportantlessonforus:wecansolveaproblembylearningtoforget.Second,weshouldregardproblemsaschallenges.Manystudentsoftencomplainaboutschool.Theyhavetoomuchhomeworktodo.Theythinktherulesaretoostrict.Educationisanimportantpartofourdevelopment.Asyoungpeople,itisourdutytotryourbesttodowitheachchallengewiththehelpofourteachers.Don’tworryaboutourproblems.Let’sfacethechallenges.

【日積月累】單詞:①challenge

n.挑戰②complain v.抱怨演練:1.短語互譯①dowith

②把……當成……

2.試譯Thisisanimportantlessonforus:wecansolveaproblembylearningtoforget.

3.判斷正(T)誤(F)(

)①Weshouldbeangrywithourfriendsifheorshedoesn’tagreewithus.(

)②Educationisanimportantpartofourdevelopment.答案:1.①處理②regard...as...2.對我們來說這是一個重要的教訓:我們可以通過學會忘記來解決問題。3.①F②TⅠ.核心速記1.____

n.&v.計劃;規劃2._________ pron.某物;某事3._____ v.離開;出發4.________ num.一百plansomethingleavehundredⅡ.聯想串記1.Europe(n.)→_________(adj.)歐洲的2.nature(n.)→_______(adj.)自然的3.quick(adj.)→_______(adv.)快地→____(同義詞adj.)迅速的→____(反義詞adj.)慢的4.worry(v.)→_______(adj.)擔心的→________(adj.)令人擔憂的EuropeannaturalquicklyfastslowworriedworryingⅢ.語境妙記1.我找不到一個保姆照看我的嬰兒。(babysit)Ican’tfinda_________to_______mybaby.2.曲阜因教育家孔子而出名。(famous)Qufu____________Confuciuswho_____________aneducationalist.3.你同意我們本周末去三亞度假的計劃嗎?(plan)Doyouagreetoour____thatwe’re_________ourvacationtoSanyathisweekend?babysitterbabysitisfamousforwasfamousasplanplanning1.多久 how____2.回來 get_____3.去野營 go________4.乘公交車/乘小船 by________5.動身去 leave___6.視……而定,決定于 depend___7.少數的 asmall_______of8.多于 more____longbackcampingbus/boatforonnumberthan1.這次我想做一些不同的事情。ThistimeIwanttodo_________________.2.我迫不及待了!I_________!3.你怎么到學校?_____doyou_____school?somethingdifferentcan’twaitHowgetto4.你家離學校多遠?________isitfromyourhometoschool?5.從家到學校花費你多長時間?___________________youtogetfromhometoschool?6.那一定比乘坐公交車更有趣!That________alot____________takingabus!HowfarHowlongdoesittakemustbemorefunthan現在進行時表示將來1.ThistimeIwanttodosomethingdifferent.這次我想做一些不同的事情。somethingpron.某事;某物【自主探究】There’ssomethingstrangeinthesky.(改為否定句)Thereisnot

strangeinthesky.=There’s

strangeinthesky.答案:anything;nothing【考點歸納】something/anything/nothing/everything用法辨析共同點(1)都是不定代詞,后面可以接形容詞或不定式作定語(2)作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式不同點(1)表示請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句中常用something;而anything可以用于肯定句中表示“任何事物”(2)something一般用于肯定句中,而anything用于否定句或疑問句(3)nothing相當于notanything(4)everything表示“一切;每件事”,強調整體【真題鏈接】(2013·廣安中考)—Wouldyoulike

toeat?—No,thanks.A.something

B.anything

C.nothing2.HeisleavingthefirstweekinJuneandstayinguntilSeptember.他打算六月第一周離開,一直待到九月。leavev.離開;出發【自主探究】他們下周日將動身去倫敦。Theyare

LondonnextSunday.答案:leavingfor【考點歸納】leave的兩種含義(1)離開。常見用法:①leaveA離開A地;②leaveforA動身去A地。例如:MygrandfatherhasleftforBeijingalready.我祖父已經動身去北京了。③leaveAforB離開A地去B地(2)遺留,遺忘。leavesth.at/in...把某物遺忘在……。例如:IleftmyEnglishbookathomeagain.我又一次把英語書遺忘在家里。【真題鏈接】(2013·襄陽中考)—Showmeyourhomework,Dave?—Sorry,Mrs.Brown.I’ve

itathome.A.missed B.forgotten C.lost D.left3.onehundredandfive一百零五hundredn.一百num.百,百個【自主探究】There’reaboutfive

(hundred)teachersandstudentsintheschool.答案:hundred【考點歸納】hundred的用法(1)數字+hundred。例如:threehundred三百。(2)hundredsof數百的;成百上千的,可以用some,many,several等詞修飾:severalhundredsofbirds數百只鳥。【真題鏈接】(2013·廣安中考)—Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?—Aboutfour

.A.hundredsof

B.hundred

C.hundreds4.Asmallnumberofstudentstakethesubwaytoschool.少數學生乘地鐵去上學。asmallnumberof少數【自主探究】Alargenumberoftourists

(come)toMountTaieveryday.答案:come【考點歸納】anumberof/thenumberof用法辨析(1)anumberof=many意為“許多的;大量的”,句中主語是后接的名詞,謂語動詞用復數形式。(2)thenumberof...意為“……的數量”,句中主語中心詞是number,謂語動詞使用單數形式。【真題鏈接】(2013·安順中考)Inourschoollibrarythere

anumberofbooksonscience,andintheseyearsthenumberofthem

growinglargerandlarger.A.are;is B.is;areC.have;are

D.has;is1.CanIaskyouafewquestionsaboutyourvacationplans?我可以問你一些有關你的假期計劃的問題嗎?plann.&v.計劃;規劃【自主探究】①他計劃過一個非常輕松的假期。He

takeaveryrelaxingvacation.②主任對這個工作擬定了一項計劃。Thedirectordrewupa

forthework.答案:①plansto②plan【考點歸納】plan的兩種詞性(1)作動詞,常用于以下短語:①plantodosth.計劃去做某事;②planon/forsth.計劃某事。(2)作名詞,常用短語:makeplanstodosth.制訂計劃做某事。2.Howlongdoesittakeyoutogetfromhometoschool?從你家到學校要用多長時間?takev.花費(時間)【自主探究】①Hespent15minutescleaninghisroomyesterday.(改為同義句)It

him15minutes

hisroom.②在星期天我爸爸經常帶我去公園。Myfatheroften

metotheparkonSunday.

答案:①took;toclean②takes【考點歸納】“take”的一詞多義【真題鏈接】(2012·貴陽中考)IttookJanetthreehours

readingthisinterestingstory.A.tofinish

B.finished

C.finishing3.InNorthAmerica,notallstudentstakethebustoschool.在北美,并非所有的學生都乘公交車去上學。notall...并非所有……(表示部分否定)【自主探究】①并非一切都可以用金錢來衡量。

canbemeasuredbymoney.②AllofhispenpalsarefromHongKong.(改為全部否定句)

hispenpalsarefromHongKong.答案:①Notall②Noneof【考點歸納】(1)notall表示部分否定,意為“并非所有……”,not可以在句首,也可與句中系動詞、助動詞、情態動詞連用。(2)表示全部否定用none,neither,nobody,noone,nothing,never等。【真題鏈接】(2012·天津中考)Theywereallverytired,but

ofthemtookarest.A.none B.all C.both D.either4.Don’tworry.Letmelookatyourmap.別擔心。讓我看一下你的地圖。worryv.擔心;擔憂;焦慮【自主探究】①你不必為孩子們擔心。Youneedn’t

thechildren.②Manypeopleworryaboutlosingtheirjobs.(改為同義句)Manypeople

losingtheirjobs.答案:①worryabout②areworriedabout【考點歸納】(1)worriedadj.擔心的;worryingadj.令人擔憂的(2)worryabout=beworriedabout擔心……(3)Don’tworry.別擔心。常用于勸慰對方。【真題鏈接】(2012·山西中考)—Everytimetheexamisover,Iwill

theresult.—Takeiteasy!Gradesarenotourwholelife.A.beworriedabout B.bepleasedwithC.begoodatⅠ.根據句意及漢語或首字母提示完成單詞Idon’tlikelivinginthebusycitybutenjoylivinginthe

(鄉村).2.Iliketobeoutin

(大自然)morethaninahouse.3.—Howmanym

arethereinanhour?—Sixty.答案:1.countryside

2.nature

3.minutes4.—There’sar

infrontofmyhouse.Let’sgoswimming.—Soundsgood.5.Hehasaq

breakfast,thenhewalkstoworkinahurry.答案:

4.river5.quickⅡ.單項選擇1.Whynot

yourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan’tfinish

itbyyourself?A.ask;do

B.ask;doingC.ask;todo D.toask;doing【解析】選B。考查固定句式。Whynotdosth.?固定句式,finish后接動詞-ing形式。故選B。2.Theoldmandidn’tlook

again.Don’t

abouthimnow.A.worried;worried B.worried;worryC.worry;worry

D.worry;worried【解析】選B。考查形近詞辨析。worried形容詞,焦急的;憂慮的。lookworried看上去很憂慮;worryabout為……而擔心,為動詞短語。故選B。3.—Hey,Tom.

doyougotoschooleveryday?—Iusuallytakethesubway.A.When

B.How

C.Where

D.Why【解析】選B。考查特殊疑問詞辨析。根據答語Iusuallytakethesubway.可知應用how。故選B。4.—

isitfromyourhometotheshoppingmall?—Aboutfifteenminutes’ride.A.Howlong B.HowfarC.Howoften

D.Howmuch【解析】選B。考查疑問詞辨析。答語Aboutfifteenminutes’ride.意為“大約乘車15分鐘的路程”表示距離,故選B。5.

ofourworkersis800,and

ofthemarewomen.A.Anumber;anumberB.Thenumber;thenumberC.Anumber;thenumberD.Thenumber;anumber【解析】選D。考查主謂一致。“thenumberof+復數名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數;“anumberof+復數名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。故選D。Ⅲ.補全對話從方框中選擇最佳選項完成對話,有兩項多余。A.Thankyoufortalkingtometoday.B.Anythingelse?C.Whereareyougoingforyournextvacation?D.Andit’salwayssunnyandwarm.E.HowdoyoulikeItaly?F.Forthreeweeks.G.Whenareyougoingthere?(AreporterisinterviewingAndrew,apopstar.)Reporter:Hi,Andrew!I’mNancyfromLivesoftheVeryFamousmagazine.

1

Andrew:You’rewelcome.It’snicetomeetyou,Nancy.Reporter:Ourreaderswanttoknowwhatfamouspeopledoforvacation.

2

Andrew:Well,I’mgoingtothesouthofItaly.Reporter:What’stheweatherlikethere?Andrew:It’sbeautiful...

3

Reporter:Really?Whatareyoudoingthere?Andrew:Oh,goingtothebeach.Maybeplayingvolleyball...Reporter:

4

Andrew:Oh,yes,goingsightseeing,goingshopping,youknow,theusual...Reporter:Andhowlongareyoustaying?Andrew:

5

Reporter:Well,thatsoundswonderful!1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

答案:1~5.ACDBF1.(2013·雅安中考)Weplanted

treeslastyear.A.hundredsof B.hundredofC.fivehundreds D.fivehundredof【解析】選A。考查數詞的用法。hundred、thousand、million等數詞與具體數字連用時,用單數形式,后面不加-s;若與of連用表示約數時,后面必須加-s,且不可與數詞連用。hundredsof意為“成百上千的”,所以選A。2.(2013·雅安中考)—Canyoufinish

thesebooksbefore10o’clock?—Yes,Ican.A.toread B.readC.reads

D.reading【解析】選D。考查固定結構。finish后面要跟名詞或動名詞作賓語,所以選D。3.(2013·濱州中考)—

doyouknowsomuchabouttheUFO?—IusuallygettheinformationbysurfingtheInternet.A.How B.What C.Which D.Where【解析】選A。考查疑問詞辨析。由答語“我通常通過上網獲取信息。”可知詢問的是方式,所以選A。4.(2013·廣東中考)—

isitfromthevillagetoyourfarm?—About10minutes’walk.A.Howoften B.HowsoonC.Howlong

D.Howfar【解析】選D。考查疑問詞辨析。由答語“大約步行10分鐘的路程”可知問距離,故選D。5.(2012·嘉興中考)—Oh,we’vemissedthe6o’clockfilm.—

.It’llbeonagainintwohours.A.Havefun B.Don’tworryC.Soundsgreat D.You’rewelcome【解析】選B。考查情景交際。havefun玩得高興;don’tworry不要擔心;soundsgreat聽起來很好;you’rewelcome不用客氣。根據It’llbeonagainintwohours.可知所填部分應為“不用擔心”。故選B。如何寫邀請函邀請函是近幾年中考書面表達題目的新類型,其中多以生日為由邀請自己的親朋好友參加要舉行的生日聚會。此類題目多有具體的要點提示。在寫作此類話題作文過程中可以在原有提示內容的基礎上結合身邊現實情況加以拓展補充。

高分句型:1.I’mhappybecausemybirthdayiscoming.因為我的生日要到了,我很高興。

2.Iwillhaveabirthdaypartyat...我將在……舉行一個生日聚會。

3.Welcometo...歡迎來……【典題示例】(2012·湘潭中考)

假如你是Lisa,6月22日是你的生日,請根據以下表格的內容,向你的好朋友群發一封邀請信。(信的開頭和結尾已給出)Hi,friends,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________