心之所向，所向披靡

1998年1月大學英語四級考試試題及參考答案

PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendof

eachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththe

conversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestion

therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthe

correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Example:

Youwillhear:

Youwillread:

A)2hours.

B)3hours.

C)4hours.

D)5hours.

Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworkthey

willstartat9o’clockinthemorningandhavetofinishat2intheafternoon.

Therefore,D)“5hours”isthecorrectanswer.Youshouldchoose[D]onthe

AnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]

1.

A)Themanwantstoattendtomorrow’sshow.

B)Therearen’tanyticketsleftfortonight’sshow.

C)Therearen’tanyticketsleftfortomorrow’sshow.

D)Themandoesn’twanttoattendtomorrow’sshow.

2.

A)Detectivestories.

B)Storiesaboutjailescapes.

C)Lovestories.

D)Storiesaboutroyalfamilies.

3.

A)Itwasalonglecture,buteasytounderstand.

B)Itwasnotaseasyasshehadthought.

C)Itwasasdifficultasshehadexpected.

D)Itwasinterestingandeasytofollow.

4.

A)Toputhimthroughtothedirector.

B)Tohaveatalkwiththedirectorabouthiswork.

C)Toarrangeanappointmentforhimwiththedirector.

D)Togoandseeifthedirectorcanmeethimrightnow.

5.

A)Margaretwantedtoreturnsomemagazinestothewoman.

B)Margaretwantedtolendsomemagazinestothewoman.

C)Margaretwantedtoborrowsomemagazinesfromthewoman.

D)Margaretwantedtogetsomemagazinesbackfromthewoman.

6.

A)Hedoesn’tcaremuchaboutit.

B)Heenjoysitverymuch.

C)Hedoesn’tmindeventhoughit’stedious.

D)Hehatesworkingovertime.

7.

A)Thewomandoesn’tthinkitexcitingtotravelbyair.

B)They’llstayathomeduringtheholidays.

C)Theyareofferedsomeplaneticketsfortheirholidays.

D)They’llbeflyingsomewherefortheirvacation.

8.

A)Somethingwentwrongwiththebus.

B)Shetooksomebodytohospital.

C)Somethingpreventedherfromcatchingthebus.

D)Shecameonfootinsteadoftakingabus.

9.

A)Doherhomework.

B)Cleanthebackyard.

C)Washclothes.

D)Enjoythebeautifulday.

10.

A)Themanislookingforaplacetolivein.

B)Themanhasahouseforrent.

C)Thewomanisasecretary.

D)Thetwospeakersareoldfriends.

SectionBCompoundDictation

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthe

passageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.

Thenlistentothepassageagain.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,

youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfromS1toS7withtheexact

worksyouhavejustheard.ForblanksnumberedfromS8toS10youare

requiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactworks

youhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,

whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhave

written.

Veryfewpeoplecangetcollegedegreebefore11,butMichaelwasan

exception.Hestartedhighschoolwhenhewas5,finishinjustninemonths.He

becamethe(S1)___________youngestcollegegraduatewhenhewas10

yearsand4monthsold,earningan(S2)_____________degree.Nowat11

Michael’sworkingonamaster’sdegreein(S3)___________intelligence.

ButMichael’s(S4)___________hasn’talwayscomeeasy.(S5)

_________hisintelligence.Hestilllacksimportantlife(S6)

________________.

Inoneclass,hehadtostruggletounderstand(S7)____________novels,

because,hesays,“I’veneverbeeninlovebefore.”

Anotherchallengewashissize.

(S8)________________________________.

Helikescomputerssomuch(S9)

________________________________________.

Hewantstomakerobotsdoalltheheavytasks.(S10)

__________________________.

PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)

Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoices

markedA),B)C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechi’ldsacquisition

（學會）ofeachnewskill-thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,or

thebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechild

beyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingsof

failureandstatesofworryinthechild:Thismighthappenatanystage.Ababy

mightbeforcedtouseatoilettooearly,ayoungchildmightbeencouragedto

learntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheother

hand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearning

opportunities,heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindout

newthingsforhimself.

Patentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.

Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters.Othersareseverovertimesof

cominghomeatnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposed

representtheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchas

thechild’sownhappiness.

Asregardsthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,

consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayand

excuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality（道德）.Also,parentsshould

realizethat“exampleisbetterthanprecept”.Iftheyarenotsincereanddonot

practisewhattheypreach（說教）,theirchildrenmaygrowconfused,and

emotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkforthemselves,and

realizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.

Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents’

principlesandtheirmoralscanbeadangerousdisappointment.

11.Eagerlywatchingthechild’sacquisitionofnewskills_________.

A)shouldbeavoided

B)isuniversalamongparents

C)setsupdangerousstatesofworryinthechild

D)willmakehimloseinterestinlearningnewthings

12.Intheprocessofchildren’slearningnewskillsparents______.

A)shouldencouragethemtoreadbeforetheyknowthemeaningofthewords

theyread

B)shouldnotexpecttoomuchofthem

C)shouldachieveabalancebetweenpushingthemtoohardandleavingthem

ontheirown

D)shouldcreateasmanylearningopportunitiesaspossible

13.Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusthat__________.

A)parentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildren

B)parentalcontrolsreflectonlytheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthe

community

C)parentalrestrictionsvary,andarenotalwaysenforcedforthebenefitofthe

childrenalone

D)parentsvaryintheirstrictnesstowardstheirchildrenaccordingtothe

situation

14.Theword“precept”(Line3,Para.3)probablymeans“_________”.

A)idea

B)punishment

C)behavior

D)instruction

15.Inmoralmatters,parentsshould__________.

A)observetherulesthemselves

B)beawareofthemarkeddifferencebetweenadultsandchildren

C)forbidthingswhichhavenofoundationinmorality

D)consistentlyensurethesecurityoftheirchildren

PassageTwo

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itis

remarkablefirstforwhatitcontains:therangeofnewsfromlocalcrimeto

internationalpolitics,fromsporttobusinesstofashiontoscience,andtherange

ofcommentandspecialfeatures（特寫）aswell,fromeditorialpagetofeature

articlesandinterviewstocriticismofbooks,art,theatreandmusic.A

newspaperisevenmoreremarkableforthewayonereadsit:nevercompletely,

neverstraightthrough,butalwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandnot

glancingatonepiece,readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjust

afewparagraphsofthenext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersvarietyto

attractmanydifferentreaders,butfarmorethannayonereaderisinterestedin.

Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality（時事性）,its

immediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyourlocalitynow.but

immediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitmeanalsothatmuchof

whatpapersinanewspaperhasnomorethantransient（短暫的）value.Forall

thesereasons,notwopeoplereallyreadthesamepaper:whateachperson

doesistoputtogetheroutofthepagesofthatday’spaper,hisownselection

andsequence,hisownnewspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapers

efficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissing

thingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessas

youmodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.

16.Amodernnewspaperisremarkableforallthefollowingexceptits

_________.

A)widecoverage

B)uniformstyle

C)speedinreportingnews

D)popularity

17.Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhynotwopeoplereallyreadthe

“same”newspaperisthat________.

A)peoplescanforthenewstheyareinterestedin

B)differentpeoplepreferdifferentnewspapers

C)peoplearerarelyinterestedinthesamekindofnews

D)peoplehavedifferentviewsaboutwhatagoodnewspaperis

18.Itcanbeconcludefromthepassagethatnewspaperreaders________.

A)applyreadingtechniquesskillfully

B)jumpfromonenewspapertoanother

C)appreciatethevarietyofanewspaper

D)usuallyreadanewspaperselectively

19.Agoodnewspaperoffers“avariety”toreadersbecause_________.

A)ittriestoservedifferentreaders

B)ithastocoverthingsthathappeninacertainlocality

C)readersaredifficulttoplease

D)readersliketoreaddifferentnewspapers

20.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe“__________”.

A)TheImportanceofNewspaperTopicality

B)TheCharacteristicsofaGoodNewspaper

C)TheVarietyofaGoodNewspaper

D)SomeSuggestionsonHowtoReadaNewspaper

PassageThree

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Americansocietyisnotnap（午睡）friendly.Infact,saysDavidDinges,a

sleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine.“There’s

evenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep.”Nobodywantstobecaught

nappingorfoundasleepatwork.Toquoteproverb:“Somesleepfivehours,

naturerequiresseven,lazinessnineandwickednesseleven.”

Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneed

them.“Wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnapping”,saysDr.William

DementofStanfordUniversity,thegodfatherofsleepresearch.

LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedan“American

sleepdebt”whichonemembersaidwasasimportantasthenationaldebt,the

commissionwasconcernedaboutthedangersofsleepiness:peoplecausing

industrialaccidentsorfallingasleepwhiledriving.Thismaybewhywehavea

newsleeppolicyintheWhiteHouse.Accordingtorecentreports,president

Clintonistryingtotakeahalf-hoursnooze（打瞌睡）everyafternoon.

About60percentofAmericanadultsnapwhengiventheopportunity.We

seemtohave“amidafternoonquietphase”alsocalled“asecondarysleep

gate.”Sleeping15minutestotwohoursintheearlyafternooncanreducestress

andmakeusrefreshed.Clearly,wewereborntonap.

WeSuperstarsofSnoozedon’tnaptoreplacelostshut-eyeortoprepare

foranightshift.Rather,we“snack”onsleep,whenever,whereverandat

whatevertimewefeellikeit.Imyselfhavenappedinbuses,cars,planesandon

boats;onfloorsandbeds;andinlibraries,officesandmuseums.

21.ItiscommonlyacceptedinAmericansocietythattoomuchsleepis

_______.

A)unreasonable

B)criminal

C)harmful

D)costly

22.TheresearchdonebytheDementcommissionshowsthatAmericans

________.

A)don’tliketotakenaps

B)areterriblyworriedabouttheirnationaldebt

C)sleeplessthanisgoodforthem

D)havecausedmanyindustrialandtrafficaccidents

23.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto___________.

A)warnusofthewickednessofnapping

B)explainthedangerofsleepiness

C)discussthesideeffectsofnapping

D)convincethereaderofthenecessityofnapping

24.The“Americansleepdebt”(Line1,Para.3)istheresultof_________.

A)thetraditionalmisconceptiontheAmericanshaveaboutsleep

B)thenewsleeppolicyoftheClintonAdministration

C)therapiddevelopmentofAmericanindustry

D)theAmericans’worryaboutthedangerofsleepiness

25.Thesecondsentenceofthelastparagraphtellsusthatitis__________.

A)preferabletohaveasoundsleepbeforeanightshift

B)goodpracticetoeatsomethinglightbeforewegotobed

C)essentialtomakeupforcostsleep

D)naturaltotakeanapwheneverwefeeltheneedforit

PassageFour

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Violinprodigies（神童）,Ilearned,havecomeindistinctwavesfromdistinct

regions.Mostofthegreatperformersifthelate19thandearly20thcenturies

werebornandbroughtupinRussiaandEasternEurope.IaskedIsaacStern,

oneoftheworld’sgreatestvioliniststhereasonforthisphenomenon.“Itisvery

clear,”hetoldme.“TheywereallJews（猶太人）andJewsatthetimewere

severelyoppressedandill-treatedinthatpartoftheworld.Theywerenot

allowedintotheprofessionalfields,buttheywereallowedtoachieveexcellence

onaconcertstage.”Asaresult,everyJewishparent’sdreamwastohaveachild

inthemusicschoolbecauseitwasapassporttotheWest.

Anotherelementintheemergenceofprodigies,Ifound,isasocietythat

valuesexcellenceinacertainfieldtonurtur（e培育）talent.Nowadays,themost

nurturingsocietiesseemtobeintheFarEast.“InJapan,amostcompetitive

society,withstrongerdisciplinethanours,”saysIsaacStem,childrenareready

totesttheirlimitseverydayinmanyfields,includingmusic.WhenWestern

musiccametoJapanafterWorldWarII,thatmusicnotonlybecamepartof

theirdailylives,butitbecameadisciplineaswell.TheKoreansandChineseas

weknow,arejustashighlymotivatedastheJapanese.

That’sagoodthing,becauseevenprodigiesmustworkhard.Nexttohard

work,biologicalinheritanceplaysanimportantroleinthemakingofaprodigy.J.

S.Bach,forexample,wasthetopofseveralgenerationsofmusicians,andfour

ofhissonshadsignificantcareersinmusic.

26.JewishparentsinEasternEuropelongedfortheirchildrentoattendmusic

schoolbecause_________.

A)itwouldallowthemaccesstoabetterlifeintheWest

B)Jewishchildrenarebornwithexcellentmusicaltalent

C)theywantedtheirchildrentoenterintotheprofessionalfield

D)itwouldenablethefamilytogetbettertreatmentintheirowncountry

27.Nurturingsocietiesasmentionedinthepassagerefertosocietiesthat,

_________.

A)enforcestrongdisciplineonstudentswhowanttoachieveexcellence

B)treasuretalentandprovideopportunitiesforitsfulldevelopment

C)encouragepeopletocompetewitheachother

D)promisetalentedchildrenhighpositions

28.Japanisdescribedinthepassageasacountrythatattachesimportanceto

_________.

A)all-rounddevelopment

B)thelearningofWesternmusic

C)stricttrainingofchildren

D)varietyinacademicstudies

29.Whichofthefollowingcontributestotheemergenceofmusicalprodigies

accordingtothepassage?

A)Anaturalgift.

B)Extensiveknowledgeofmusic.

C)Veryearlytraining.

D)Aprejudice-freesociety.

30.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarisesthemainideaofthepassage?

A)JewishContributiontoMusic.

B)TrainingofMusiciansintheWorld

C)MusicandSociety

D)TheMakingofProdigies

PartIIIVocabularyandStructure(20minutes)

Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentence

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbest

completesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswer

Sheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

31Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquite________usedlatefor

hislecture.

A)tohavestudents

B)forstudents’being

C)forstudentstobe

D)tostudents’being

32Youshouldhavebeenmorepatient________thatcustomer;I’msurethat

sellinghimthewatchwasapossibility.

A)of

B)with

C)for

D)at

33Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadappliedforapositionintheuniversity

_______.

A)hasbeenaccepted

B)havebeenaccepted

C)wasaccepted

D)wereaccepted

34Thisboxistooheavy,________givemeahand?

A)wouldyoumind

B)wouldyouplease

C)willyouliketo

D)willyoupleaseto

35__________heworkshard,Idon’tmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.

A)Assoonas

B)Aswellas

C)Sofaras

D)Solongas

36Asearlyas1647Ohiomadeadecisionthatfree,tax-supportedschoolsmust

beestablishedineverytown__________50householdsormore.

A)having

B)tohave

C)tohavehad

D)havinghad

37Peopleappreciate__________withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseof

humor.

A)towork

B)tohaveworked

C)working

D)havingworked

38Themanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe_______himself.

A)injure

B)hadinjured

C)injured

D)wouldinjure

39Welovepeace,yetwearenotthekindofpeopletoyield________any

militarythreat.

A)up

B)to

C)in

D)at

40Althoughheknewlittleaboutthelargeamountofworkdoneinthefield,he

succeeded__________othermorewell-informedexperimentersfailed.

A)which

B)that

C)what

D)where

41Iftapwaterwereasdangerousassomepeoplethink,________wouldbe

gettingsick.

A)alotofmoreus

B)morealotofus

C)alotofusmore

D)alotmoreofus

42LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems._________

obtainingwaterisnottheleast.

A)forwhich

B)towhich

C)ofwhich

D)inwhich

43Whichsporthasthemostexpenses_______trainingequipment,players’

personalequipmentanduniforms?

A)inplaceof

B)intermsof

C)bymeansof

D)bywayof

44Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_________anelectricfaninthe

officetomorrow.

A)install

B)toinstall

C)tobeinstalled

D)installed

45I’msureheisuptothejob__________hewouldgivehismindtoit.

A)ifonly

B)incase

C)until

D)unless

46Thecar_______halfwayfornoreason.

A)brokeoff

B)brokedown

C)brokeup

D)brokeout

47Thenewcomersfounditimpossibleto______themselvestotheclimate

sufficientlytomakepermanenthomesinthenewcountry.

A)suit

B)adapt

C)regulate

D)coordinate

48A__________tothisproblemisexpectedtobefoundbeforelong.

A)result

B)response

C)settlement

D)solution

49Youhavenothingto__________byrefusingtolistentoouradvice.

A)gain

B)grasp

C)seize

D)earn

50Asaresultofcarelesswashingthejacket________toachild’ssize.

A)compressed

B)shrank

C)dropped

D)decreased

51Hehopedthefirmwould_________himtotheParisbranch.

A)exchange

B)transmit

C)transfer

D)remove

52Havingdecidedtorentaflat,we__________contactingallthe

accommodationagenciesinthecity.

A)setabout

B)setdown

C)setout

D)setup

53Therelationshipbetweenemployersandemployeeshasbeenstudied

________.

A)originally

B)extremely

C)violently

D)intensively

54__________theirdifferences.Thecoupleweredevelopinganobviousand

genuineaffectionforeachother.

A)Butfor

B)Forall

C)Aboveall

D)Exceptfor

55OnedayI_________anewspaperarticleabouttheretirementofanEnglish

professoratanearbystatecollege.

A)cameacross

B)cameabout

C)cameafter

D)cameat

56Shewascomplainingthatthedoctorwas________toomuchforthe

treatmenthewasgivingher.

A)expending

B)offering

C)costing

D)charging

57Themanagerspokehighlyofsuch_______asloyalty,courageand

truthfulnessshownbyhisemployees.

A)virtues

B)features

C)properties

D)characteristics

58Sincethematterwasextremely_______,wedealtwithitimmediately.

A)tough

B)tense

C)urgent

D)instant

59Youdon’thavetobeinsuchahurry,Iwouldratheryou_______on

businessfirst.

A)wouldgo

B)willgo

C)went

D)havegone

60WhenItrytounderstand________thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrom

beingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethattherearetwocauses.

A)whyitdoes

B)whatitdoes

C)whatitis

D)whyitis

PartIVCloze(15minutes)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblankthere

arefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.You

shouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Thenmarkthe

correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Duringrecentyearswehaveheardmuchabou“trace”:howthisracedoes

certainthingsandthatracebelievescertainthingsandsoon.Yet,the

___61___phenomenonofraceconsistsofafewsurfaceindications.

Wejudgeraceusually___62___thecolouringoftheskin:awhiterace,a

brownrace,ayellowraceandablackrace.But___63___youweretoremove

theskinyoucouldnot___64___anythingabouttheracetowhichtheindividual

belonged.Thereis___65___inphysicalstructure,thebrainortheinternal

organsto___66___adifference.

Therearefourtypesofblood.___67___typesarefoundineveryrace,and

notypeisdistincttoanyrace.Humanbrainsarethe___68___.Noscientists

couldexamineabrainandtellyoutheracetowhichtheindividualbelonged.

Brainswill___69___insize,butthisoccurswithineveryrace.___70___does

sizehaveanythingtodowithintelligence.Thelargestbrain___71___

examinedbelongedtoapersonofweak___72___.Ontheotherhand,someof

ourmostdistinguished,peoplehavehad___73___brains.

Mentaltestswhicharereasonably___74___shownodifferencesin

intelligencebetweenraces.Highandlowtestresultsbothcanberecordedby

differentmembersofanyrace.___75___equaleducationaladvantages,there

willb