Period6Grammar(2)

Differentpartsofasentence1/31

Revision

QuestionsforthereadingpassageHowmanydifferentstarsignsisayeardividedinto?Whatdecidesyourstarsigns?Ayearisdividedinto12

differentstarsigns.Thetimeofourbirthday

decidesourstarsigns.2/31Whatkindofpeoplesharesimilarcharacteristics?

Somepeoplebornunderthesame

starsign

sharesimilarcharacteristics.

Mainidea

Somepeoplesharesimilarcharacteristics.

3/31一個句子能夠分成不一樣句子成份,我們能夠

增加或降低句子成份,方便說句清楚子意思.每個句子成份都有自己名稱。一個句子基本成份主要是主語和謂語,有時也會是賓語。為了豐富句子含義，我們能夠加上表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語成份。4/312.China’sShenzhouVIlandedsuccessfullyonthemorningofOct.17th.5.TheChinesepeoplefeelproud.GrammarCDifferentpartsofasentenceSubject主語Predicate謂語Object賓語Attributive定語Adverbial狀語Objectcomplement賓語補(bǔ)足語Predicative表語4.

Thenewsmadeusexcited.3.Manypeoplegavethetwospacemenflowers.1.Wegottheexcitingnewstwoweeksago.DirectobjectObject

直接賓語

賓語

Indirectobject

間接賓語Manypeoplethetwospacemenflowers.Thenewsusexcited.excitingChina’sMany5/31ThesecondperiodDifferentpartsofasentence6/31Differentpartsofasentence

Asentencecanbedividedintodifferentparts.Hereisabriefoverviewofthedifferentparts.7/31

MeaningExampleSubjectAsubjectcanbeanoun,Inanactivesentence,itshowswhoorwhatdoestheaction.Inapassivesentence,itshowswhoorwhatisaffectedbytheaction.Youworrytoomuchattimes.Ayearisdividedinto12differentstarsigns.PredicateItconsistsoftheverbandotherelementswhichdescribethesubject.You

liketodreamabouteverything.PredicativeItisanadjectivethatcomesafterthelinkingverb.Youarestrong.8/31

MeaningExampleObject(directorIndirect)Adirectobjectcanbeanounphraseorapronoun.Itreferstoapersonorthingthatisdirectlyaffectedbytheactionoftheverb.Youenjoylife.Youhavemanyfriends.Canyouhearme?Anindirectobjectreferstoapersonoragroupofpeoplethattheactionoftheverbisdonetoorfor.Yourfriendisshowingyouanarticle.Youbuyyour

friendsnicegifts.9/31

MeaningExampleAttributiveItisanounoradjectivethatcomesbeforeanounanddescribesit.Millieisreadingtheschoolnewsletter.Youareahard-workingperson.AdverbialAnadverbialcanbeanadverbphrase,aprepositionalphraseoranounphrase.Itgivesusextrainformation,forexample,how,whenorwhereorwheretheactionhappens,Youdonotgiveupeasily.Youareselfishattimes.Hewantedtogethome.10/31名稱意義詞性Subject（S）主語主動句中：表示誰或什么執(zhí)行了動作被動句中,表示誰或什么受到動作影響通常由名詞、名詞短語或代詞來擔(dān)任Predicate謂語對主語進(jìn)行描述由動詞及其它描述主語相關(guān)成份組成Object賓語（O）Directobject（DO）直接賓語直接收動作影響人或物通常由名詞、名詞短語或代詞來擔(dān)任Indirectobject(I0）間接賓語間接收動作影響人（動作是為/向誰做）Differentpartsofasentence(1)11/31名稱意義詞性Predicative（P）表語接在連系動詞后組成系表結(jié)構(gòu)通常由形容詞等擔(dān)任Objectcomplement(OC)賓補(bǔ)位于賓語之后,與賓語相關(guān)連并對其進(jìn)行描述通常由名詞或形容詞（短語）等擔(dān)任Attributive定語位于名詞前并起到修飾名詞作用通常由名詞或形容詞等擔(dān)任Adverbial狀語提供關(guān)于動作額外信息,如：動作發(fā)生時間、地點、方式、程度等能夠由副詞（短語）、介詞短語或名詞短語等擔(dān)任Differentpartsofasentence（2）12/31Thethirdperiod13/31

A.表語及系動詞跟在系動詞后面形容詞或名詞等就是表語,表示人身份、特征、狀態(tài)等。學(xué)過系動詞有:tobe“變得…”“….起來”其它

能夠和形容詞連用動詞bebecome

lookseem

keephealthy

get

soundappear

fallill

turnsmellremain

gohungry/bad

growtastebreak/blowopen

feel

staywarm

standquiet14/31B.能夠帶雙賓語動詞

能夠帶雙賓語動詞有兩類：

give/pass/show/throw/leave/bring/take/lend/send/return/tell/teach/read/write…sb

sth.=give/pass/show/throw/leave/bring/take/lend/send/return/tell/teach/read/write…sth.

tosb.

buy/get/fetch/make/do/mend/play/find/save/cook/sing/dance/…sb.sth.

=buy/get/fetch/make/do/mend/play/find/save/cook/sing/dance/…sth.

forsb.15/31

C.雙賓語與復(fù)合賓語區(qū)分雙賓語是由間接賓語（用來強(qiáng)調(diào)動作受益者）+直接賓語(指是動作所包括人或物）組成，兩個賓語之間沒有邏輯上主謂關(guān)系，而復(fù)合賓語中兩個賓語之間有邏輯上主謂關(guān)系。比如：

Hegaveme（sb.）anewcomicbook(sth.).

間接賓語(sb.)+直接賓語(sth.)=雙賓語

Hecalled

me

LaoWangbefore.(賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語=復(fù)合賓語）16/31Fredisverystrong

.Thepig

looks

cute

.Theflowers

turn

red

.subjectpredicativelinkingverb17/31Johnisbeatingadrum.Peter

gives

Mary

a

bunch

of

flowers.Beckhamshowshisfans

hisT-shirt.objectindirectobjectdirect

objectdirect

objectindirectobject18/31Exercise19/31Differentpartsofasentence

1.Thisbookisaninterestingbook.2.Heisahard-workingperson.1.Weenjoyedourselves

inthepark.2.Hegoestoschool

at6everyday.3.Wedothisjob

easily.4.Theyhavethisparty

inthepark.attributivepredicateadverbial20/31Makethesentencesusingthewordsgivenandtelltheclassthenameofeachofthesentenceelements.1.Sam/book/read/a2.Sue/beautiful/lookSamisreadingabook.Suelooksbeautiful.____subject_________predicate______object____subject_____linkingv.________predictivepredicate21/313.Eddie/eat4.Simon/a/boy/beEddieiseating.Simonisaboy._____subject_________predicate_____subject__linkingv.______predictivepredicate22/31ReadandcompletepartC1(page12)1.Amywantstotravelaroundtheworld.a.predicateb.predicativec.adverbial.2.Anenergeticpersonhaslotsofenergy.a.directobjectb.indirectobjectc.predicate3.Peteralwaysbuyshisfriendsnicegifts.a.indirectobjectb.subjectc.directobject4.Sandyhasherblackhairinaponytail.a.predicativeb.adverbialc.attributive○○○○23/315.Simonlovesplayingfootball.a.predicateb.subjectc.adverbial6.Suzylookstired.a.predicativeb.adverbialc.directobject7.Kittydanceseveryday.a.predicateb.predicativec.adverbial8.AndyboughtMillieanicecream.a.indirectobjectb.predicativec.directobject○○○○24/31

CompleteandreadpartC2(page13)Andyforhourshard-workinghungryispackingherschoolbagthefootball

1.Simonispassing____________(directobject,indirectobject)toPeter.2.Sandyhasbeenonthephone_________(predicate,adverbial).3.______(adverbial,subject)isplanningtogoout.thefootballforhoursAndy________________25/314.Kitty_______________________(predicate,adverbial).5.Eddieis___________(attributive,predicative).6.Danielisa____________(attributive,predicative).ispackingherschoolbag_____hungry______hard-working______Wecanaddsomemoresentenceelementstoeachsentence.Andyforhourshard-workinghungryispackingherschoolbagthefootball

26/31

Usefulexpressions1.inactive/passivesentence2.beaffectedbytheaction

3.consistoftheverbandotherelements4.anadjectivethatcomesafterthelinkingverb

5.adirect/anindirectobject6.refertoapersonorthing

27/317.giveusextrawork8.forexample9.sentenceelements10.theseunderlinedparts11.haveone’sblackhairinaponytail12.passthefootball13.beonthephoneforhours

14.plantogoout15.packone’sschoolbag28/311.Amywantstotravelaroundtheworld.2.MrLiisangrynow.3.Anenergeticpersonhasalotofenergy.4.Hisjokesmademehappy.5.Mymotherboughtmeanewbike

inthesupermarketyesterday.Exercises:I.指出以下劃線部分在句中擔(dān)任成份Subject

(S)Verb

(V)