Unit3Lifeinthefuture第1頁基礎知識自測第2頁一、單詞拼寫根據讀音、詞性和詞義寫出單詞。1._____________['k?rid?]n.四輪馬車,車廂2._____________

['praivit]a.私人n.士兵3._____________[im'pre??n]n.印象4._____________[ri'maind]v.提醒vt.提醒5._____________['pri:vj?s]a.在...之前,此前6._____________[l?k]n.缺乏,v.缺乏,不足7._____________[bend]v.彎曲,屈服8._____________[pres]n.新聞界,壓力v.按,壓9._____________[swift]a.快ad.迅速地10.____________['mɑ:st?]n.主人a.主人v.征服mastercarriageprivateimpressionremindpreviouslackbendpressswift第3頁11._____________[sait]n.景觀,眼界v.看見12._____________[le?θ]

n.長度13._____________[?’sist]n.幫助,幫助v.幫助14._____________[ri’kwai?]v.需要,要求15._____________['setlm?nt]n.處理,殖民(地),居留地16._____________[l?u'kei??n]n.地點,位置17._____________['k?nst?nt]a.經常n.常數18.______________[s?'raundi?]a.周圍n.環境19.______________[iks'tr?:din?ri]a.非常,尤其20._____________[swit?]n.開關,轉換v.轉變,擺動switchsightlengthassistrequiresettlementlocationconstantsurroundingextraordinary第4頁二、單詞利用根據句子構造和意義，在空格處填入一種恰當單詞，或者用括號中所給詞合適形式填空。1.Duetoanunexpectedemergency,wehadto___________(length)ourstayinBeijingbythreedays.2.Howexcitingitistoworkinaspacestationwhichisdividedintozoneswith___________________(extraordinary)differentatmospheresandgravities!3.Thesehoveringcarriagesfloatabovethegroundandbybendingandpressingdownonthedrivingstickstronglyonecanmove______________(swift).lengthenextraordinarilyswiftly第5頁4.Asiswellknown,thekeytoprotectingthewildlifeistoprotectthenatural_______________(surround)inwhichtheylive.5.Ihaveto______________(constant)rubmyeyestoremindmyselfthatIhavetraveledtotheyearAD3005.6.Thehotelremindedme__________theonewherewestayedlastwinter.7.Thenewteachermadegoodimpression_______thestudentsbyherrichknowledgeandhumoroustalk.surroundingsconstantlyofon第6頁8.Ithinkfatherwouldliketoknow__________I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.9.Havingrecoveredfromtheterriblecaraccidentwiththedevotedcareofthenurse,sheis___________(bend)onreturningtoworkassoonaspossible.10.Withallgifts___________(wrap)beautifullyand___________(place)undertheChristmastree,Motherandfathersmiledwithsatisfactionateachother.whatbentplacedwrapped第7頁三、詞語派生用括號中所給詞合適形式填空。1.Ourcarbrokedownhalfwaydownthehighway,butthankstothe____________(assist)ofanunknowntruckdriverwewerenotdelayedtoolong.2.Thepathbecomesvery___________(mud)onrainydaysandmakesitdifficultforpeopletogoinorout.3.Thecompanyisunderincreasing_____________(press)toimprovepayandworkingconditions.assistancemuddypressure第8頁4.Astrikewascalledbecauselaborandmanagementcouldnotagreeupona___________(settle).5.BelievingthatImetthe_______________(require)listedintheadvertisement,Iwrotealettertoapplyforaninterview.6.Witheightstudentslivinginonesmalldormitoryroom,youdon’thavetoomuch__________(private).7.You'llhavedirectaccesstoallavailablehotels,includingdetaileddescriptions;photosand_____________(locate)information.settlementrequirementsprivacylocation第9頁8.Youmaywanttosaywhat______________(impress)thebookleftyouwith,oremphasizewhatyouwantyourreadertoknowaboutit.9.ABluetoothwirelessconnectionforanMP3headset（頭戴式耳機）isvery______________(believe).10.Peoplearoundhimareusuallyinfectedbyhis____________(optimistic).impressionbelievableoptimism第10頁四、詞組互譯將下列詞組或短語譯成漢字或英語。1.__________________占據（空間、時間）；從事2.__________________看不見3.__________________________給某人留下好印象4.__________________朝各個方向5.__________________成果；由于6.__________________橫掃，掠過；掃掉7.__________________加速8.__________________遭受9.__________________瞥見catchsightoftakeuplosesightofmakeagoodimpressiononsb.inalldirectionsasaresult(of)sweepup/awayspeedupsufferfrom第11頁10.getbackonone’sfeet__________________11.assistsb.indoingsth.__________________12.remindsb.ofsth.__________________13.underrepair__________________14.haveanopportunitytodosth._______________________________________15.innotime____________________完全恢復，振作起來幫助某人做某事使某人想起在維修中有機會做某事立即，立即第12頁五、詞組利用根據句子提供語境，從第四大題中選一種合適詞組并用其適用形式填空。1.Theflight,intendedtohavearrivedat8o’clock,wasdelayedfortwohours_________________fog.2.Ittookhim3yearsto__________________________afterhismother’sdeath,duringwhichtimehedidnothingbutworkandburyhimselfinhismemoriesofher.3.Thestory__________me____myownchildhoodwhenIhadto___________anumberofoddjobsto________mymother________keepingthewholefamilytogether.Luckily,withthefinancialsupportofadistantrelative,Ifinally______________________toenterateacher’scollegeandlaterfoundajobinaprimaryschool.hadanopportunityasaresultofgetbackonone’sfeetremindedoftakeupassistin第13頁4.Hiscalmnessandwisdom____________________________________________histeammatessotheychosehimtobetheteamleader.5.Thechild________________hismotherinthesuppermarket,worried,cryingbitterly.6.Pleasedon’trushmeagainandagain;I’llfinishit________________.7.AstheSpringFestivalwasdrawingnear,thefactory______________production,requiringalltheworkerstoworkovertime,inthehopeoffulfillingtheordersbeforetheholiday.spedupmadeagoodimpressiononlostsightofinnotime第14頁8.Igotlostwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseofthepeopleflyingby______________.9.Withasigh,shebentdown,pickedupthetoysonthefloor,andthen______________alltherubbish.10.Trafficwillbedivertedwhiletheroadis______________.underrepairinalldirectionssweptup第15頁LanguageDataBank第16頁Firstimpressions.第一印象.impressions:n.[c]印象;感想impressvt.我對他印象較好.Ihadaverygoodimpressionofhim.givesb.afavourableimpressionmakeanimpressiononsb.

給某人以好印象給某人留下印象這演說給我們留下了深刻印象.Thespeechmadeastrongimpressiononus.Theteacherimpresseduswithhissenseofhumour.第17頁IstillcannotbelievethatIamtakingup…..(1)接收(提議或挑戰)(2)對…..產生愛好Tomhastakenuppottery(陶藝).(3)開始從事…,開始承當(4)著手處理,著手進行(5)占去(時間或空間)Hetookupchallengewithcourage.Hedecidedto~~photographashiscareer.I’mgoingtotakethismatterupwithmylawyer.Writingthepapertookupmostoftheweekend.第18頁takeofftakeontakeouttakeovertakedowntakeintakeholdoftakesthbysurprisetakesthforsthtakeback脫下,起飛,成功雇傭,展現,接收拿出,去掉,扣除接管,接任,占據取下,記下,拆卸接納,吸取;領會,理解;欺騙第19頁IhavetoremindmyselfconstantlythatIamreallyinAD3008(1)constantlyadv.經常地，反復地

constantadj.經常，不變，忠貞老人手不停顫動.Theoldman’shandsshookconstantly.Heisconstantlydisturbingme.IamJay’sconstantfanandsupporter.Hehasbeenconstantinhisscientificresearch.第20頁(2)remindvt.使記住,提醒;使想起;使記起使某人想起某人/某事提醒某人做某事提醒某人….請提醒他遲些吃藥這部影片使他回憶起在中國所看到一切.Pleaseremindhimtotakethismedicinelater.ThefilmremindedhimofwhathehadseeninChina.He~edmethatIhadn’twrittentoMother.remindsb.ofsb./sth.remindsb.todosth.remindsb.that/what/how…第21頁Asaresult,Isufferedfrom“timelag”.(1)asaresult因此,成果asaresultofresultfromresultin由于起因于…造成(=leadto)天下雪,因此她遲到了.Itsnowed,asaresult,shewaslate.(2)sufferfrom①患(病)②因….受困擾她為貧困所擾.Shesuffersfrompoverty.Shesuffersfromheadache第22頁Thisissimilartothe“jetlag”yougetfromflying,butitseemsyoukeepgettingflashbacksfromyourprevioustimeperiod.這就與你乘坐飛機會產生時差反應相同，所不一樣是，在你腦子里似乎不停地閃現此前時光。flashback閃回；倒敘。Theeventsinhishappyfamilylifewereshowninflashback.他幸福家庭生活是用倒敘法來體現。“jetlag”噴氣機飛行時差綜合癥。第23頁tolerate容忍，忍受.(2)surroundings專指自然環境,從周圍事物這一客體著眼.用復數.

environment可指自然環境,也可指精神環境,均從環境對人感受,道德觀念影響著眼.用單數.eg:Theboygrewupinbeautifulsurroundingsbutnotinahappyhomeenvironment.Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate.Wesimplycannottoleratecheatinginexams.我們就是不能允許考試作弊行為第24頁(3)lack

n.缺乏,不足,沒有他擅長于自己工作,但似乎缺乏信心.Heisgoodathisjobbutheseemstolackconfidence.Ihaven’tfinishedthepaintingfor___oftime.A.lackB.shortC.needD.wantAshortof是形容詞短語.They~edthemoneytosendhimtouniversity.v.缺乏,不足,沒有I~swordswithwhichtoexpressmythanks.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。第25頁lackforlackofbelackinginhavenolackofHelackscourage=Heislackingincourage.Theplantsdiedforlackofwater.Theylackedfornothing,butmoney.第26頁achevi.&n.疼痛爬山后來,他全身疼痛.我背有點疼.Afterclimbingthemountain,heachedallover.Ihaveabitofanacheinmyback.辨析:ache指較輕微,局部連續疼痛;pain泛指多種程度疼痛,并常用來指精神上痛苦.Mybodyisallachesandpains.第27頁Ifeltbetterinnotime.innotimeatnotime他們立即就回來.Theywillbebackinnotime.atoncenot…atallallthetimeatalltimesattimesforatimeforthetimebeingatatimeatonetime始終隨時,永遠有時暫且,短時間內暫且依次,逐一,每次從前第28頁SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagain…bebackonone’sfeet東山再起I’mbackonmyfeet.我已經好了（痊愈了）。Hecan’twaittogetbackonhisfeet.他實在按耐不住了，想重振旗鼓。Isshebackonherfeet?她好了嗎？第29頁Thesecarriagesfloatabovethegroundandby

bendingorpressingdowninyourseat,youcanmoveswiftly.(1)bydoing常表方式,辦法或伎倆.她靠賣報紙掙錢.Sheearnedmoneybysellingnewspapers.(2)bend①使彎曲,屈身她彎下腰撿起一塊石頭Shebentdownandpickedupastone.Touchyourtoeswithoutbendingyourknees.第30頁②集中(全力)于她用心致志于這項工作.Shebenthermindtothejob.(3)press

v./n.按,壓,擠;新聞;強迫Hisheadwasbentoverabook.Ipressedthebuttonbutnobodyansweredthedoor.Theshoeispressingmytoe.Timepresses.Makeupyourmind.TheEnglish-ChineseDictionaryisin~now.第31頁(4)swiftlyadv.迅速,敏捷swiftadj.他沿著黑暗街道迅速地走回家去.辨析:swift側重動作輕快,順利;rapid側重事物進展迅速,表達動作快可與swift交換;quick側重動作快,與swift可交換;fast側重速度快.Hewalkedswiftlytowardshomedownthedarkstreet.第32頁IlosesightofWangPing…inalldirectionslosesightof:看不見,忽視,失去聯系我和他完全失掉了聯系.Ihavelostsightofhimentirely.catchsightofatfirstsightoutofsightin/withinsightatthesightof看見乍一看看不到,在視野外看見,在視野內一看見…..IcaughtsightofhergettingonthebuswhenIcameoutofthebookstore.我從書店出來時看見她上了公共汽車.第33頁(2)inalldirections

向四周八方敵人向四周八方逃竄.Theenemiesfledinalldirections.第34頁Hewassweptupinto…..sweepup掃除,清掃,橫掃Shewaslefttosweepupaftertheparty.Thestrongwindsweptuptheleavesintotheair.12.Exhausted,Islidintobedand…..exhausted此處是形容詞,作狀語,表原因.slidev.偷偷地移動;潛行;(使)滑動船滑入水中.Theshipslid(down)intothewater.第35頁1.Thiskindofplantwilldieincontinuouslyrainy____.conditionB.surroundingC.environmentsD.surroundings2.Isawpeoplecoming___alldirectionstoattendtheKiteFlyingFestival.toB.ofC.inD.out3.Thesecretaryremindedme___therewasameetingthatafternoon.A.ofB.aboutC.thatD.onDCCChoosethebestanswer第36頁4.Theywillbeastallasyousoonifthey___.keepongrowinglikethatB.keeptogrowlikeitC.keepgrowinglikethatD.willkeepgrowinglikethat

5.Farmerscanincreasetheircorncropsthreetimessimply___wateringtheirfields.throughB.withC.byD.in6.TheremustbenolifeontheMarsfor___ofairthere.lackB.lackingC.shortD.emptyCCA第37頁8.Catching__sightoftheirheadteachercoming,thestudentsfellsilencein___flash.the;theB./;aC.the;/D./;/9.Hegivespeopletheimpression___allhislifeabroad.ofhavingspentB.tohavespentC.ofbeingspentD.tospendBA7.Astherearecarsandbusespassingby,Icouldn’t___mymindtomystudy.A.bendB.putC.fixD.concentrateA第38頁Grammar第39頁Pastparticiple(3)

usedasAdverbial&Attribute第40頁過去分詞

過去分詞是非謂語動詞一種形式,表達完成和被動動作。它在句子中能夠充當狀語、定語等成份。第41頁過去分詞與目前分詞作狀語過去分詞表完成、被動,與主句主語之間是被動關系;目前分詞表進行,積極,與主句主語之間是積極關系。假如一種被動動作發生在謂語動詞之前,則可使用目前分詞完成被動式或過去分詞。attention第42頁過去分詞表完成、被動,作狀語時,其邏輯主語是主句主語,且與主語之間存在著被動關系。過去分詞作狀語可表時間,原因,讓步,成果,方式,條件等。第43頁觀測下列句子:Oncepublished,hisworks(=Once

hisworks

waspublished,)becamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeattheendofeachline.PP作時間狀語,相稱于一種時間狀語從句有時過去分詞前可加連詞when或while來強調時間概念。第44頁過去分詞作時間狀語1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.

Whenheated,

icewillbechangedintowater.第45頁2.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointed.

Seenunderamicroscope,

afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.第46頁過去分詞作原因狀語1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.

Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,

theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.第47頁2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.

Doneinahurry,

hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.第48頁過去分詞作條件或者假設狀語Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.

Givenmoreattention,

thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.第49頁2.IfIamcomparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.

Comparedwithyou,

westillhavealongwaytogo.第50頁作方式或伴隨情況狀語Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.Thehunterlefthishouse,and

hewasfollowedbyhisdog.第51頁2.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.Shesatbythewindow,and

shewaslostinthought.lost表達一種迷失心理狀態第52頁1)過去分詞在句子中能夠作時間狀語、原因狀語、伴隨狀語、條件狀語和讓步狀語等。2)過去分詞作狀語時,過去分詞邏輯主語與句子主語一致。Summary第53頁過去分詞作狀語:過去分詞有兩大特點：1.表達被動動作；2.表達已經完成動作,因此,當過去分詞作狀語時候一定要弄清楚分詞與主語邏輯關系－－被動,例如:第54頁Rewritewithproperconjunctions1.Unitedwestand,dividedwefail.

Ifweare

united,wewillstand,

butifweare

divided,wewillfail.Example:第55頁2.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.→Whenhewasasked

whathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.3.Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.→Becausehewas

wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.第56頁4.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

Ifwewere

givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

5.OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.

Once

itwas

translatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.第57頁6.Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.

Becauseshewas

deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.7.Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.

Althoughhewas

leftaloneathome，Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.第58頁用過去分詞作狀語來改寫句子。AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.→_______________________,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Worriedaboutthejourney第59頁2.Ifheisgiventime,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.→_________,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.3)AsIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.→______________________________,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.GiventimeConfusedbythenewsurroundings第60頁4)Whenhewasquestionedbythepoliceaboutthefire,hebecametense.

→________________________________,hebecametense.Questionedbythepoliceaboutthefire第61頁Findoutthesentenceswithsamemeaning.1.AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.第62頁2.WhileIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

Confusedbythenewsurrounding,

Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.3.AsIwasexhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.

Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.第63頁1.Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.—wefollowed(跟著那個老人,我們上去了)2.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.(wewere)(被那個老人跟著,我們上去了)Compare第64頁3.從上面看,體育場仿佛一種鳥巢。____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.從太空看,宇航員看不到長城。____fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen第65頁DifferencebetweenthePresentParticipleandthePastParticiple_____foralongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊.______

thebook,Ifindituseful.在使用過程中，我發覺這本書很有用.________

ather,

hejumpedwithjoy._______atbyher,hejumpedwithjoy.UsedUsingLookingLooked第66頁注意：選擇目前分詞還是過去分詞，關鍵看主句主語。如分詞動作是主句主語發出，分詞就選用目前分詞，反之就用過去分詞。第67頁CompleteeachsentenceusingthePastParticipleoftherightverb.1)_________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaretosleepinherroom.2)Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.frightentrapfollowshootFrightenedfollowed第68頁3)If_______inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.4)Although____intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.trappedshot第69頁過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語與其所修飾詞之間存在著邏輯上被動關系,且表達該動作已經完成。單個過去分詞作定語,一般置于被修飾詞前面,而分詞短語作定語,則須置于被修飾詞背面。Attention第70頁1.LastSundaywewentonanorganizedtriptotheforest.上星期我們組織了一次去森林旅行。2.Aletterpostedtodaywillreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.今天發出信后天就能收到。第71頁分詞作定語能夠轉換成定語從句:Heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads.(積極)

=Heworkedasaworkerwho/thatbuiltroads.Thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather.(被動)=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.第72頁Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在進行)=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.(已完成)=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.第73頁過去分詞短語有時亦可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupincountryvillages,hadneverseenatrain.他們當中有某些人,生長在農村，從未見過火車。第74頁過去分詞作定語有前置和后置兩種情況:單個過去分詞作定語,一般放在被修飾名詞之前,表達被動和完成意義。1.前置定語第75頁被動意義：anhonoredguest一位受尊敬客人

(受傷工人)arenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.B.完成意義aretiredteacher一位退休教師Theyarecleaning

(落葉)intheyard.Theinjuredworkersthefallenleaves第76頁2.后置定語過去分詞短語作定語時,一般放在被修飾名詞之后,它作用相稱于一種定語從句。Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.=Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=)toyourpartlastnight?thathaseverbeenwrittenwhohadbeeninvited第77頁

假如被修飾詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所組成復合代詞或批示代詞those等時，雖然一種單一分詞作形容詞用，也要放在被修飾詞背面。例如：Isthereanythingunsolved?ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.注意:第78頁1.TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.,didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying考點點撥第79頁簡析:首先,根據語法分析可知,待選部分是一種作定語、修飾TheOlympicGames后置分詞短語;再根據TheOlympicGames對于動詞play來說只能是被動承受,且已完成(in776B.C.)。因此,該題應選C。第80頁2.What’sthelanguage___inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak簡析:該題應選B。測試過去分詞作后置定語體現被動,等于定語從句whichisspoken。第81頁3.Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited簡析:該題應選A。測試過去分詞作后置定語體現被動,等于定語從句whowereinvited。第82頁4.Thecomputercentre,___lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsin