2010年中南大學211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解TestofEnglishforMTICandidatesPartIDiction(15%)Directions:ChoosetheONEwordorphrasewhichwouldbestkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartineachofthefollowing.YoushouldwriteyourchoicesontheAnswerSheet.1．Isvanityoneofthesevendeadlysins?A.foolishnessB.sanityC.prideD.selfishness【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：虛榮心是七宗罪之一嗎？vanity虛榮心。pride驕傲；自尊心。二者意思相近，可相互替換。foolishness愚蠢。sanity明智，頭腦清楚。selfishness自私。因此，本題的正確答案為C。2．Thechildwasuncomfortableunderthescrutinyofhisgrandfather.A.examinationB.weightC.gazeD.attention【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：那個小孩在感到不舒服。題目中劃線詞scrutiny意為“監視”。examination考試；檢查，在這里引申為“監察”的意思。weight壓力。gaze盯。attention關心，注意。3．ProfessorBrightlikestorambleduringherlectures.A.mumbleB.ruminateC.wonderD.wander【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：布萊特教授喜歡在她的課堂上走來走去。ramble漫步。wander徘徊；游蕩。二者意思相近，可相互替換。mumble咕噥，含糊地說。ruminate沉思。wonder想知道；懷疑。因此，本題的正確答案為D。4．Theteacherisveryexactingabouthisstudents’penmanship.A.lenientB.demandingC.carefulD.meticulous【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：這位老師對他的學生在書法上的要求十分嚴格。exacting嚴苛的。demanding苛刻的，要求高的。二者意思相近，可相互替換。lenient仁慈的。careful細心的；仔細的。meticulous一絲不茍的。因此，本題的正確答案為B。5．Therearerumorsofaneconomicmenacefromthedairycooperatives.A.problemB.ultimatumC.disasterD.threat【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：有謠言稱奶制品合作社正面臨著一場經濟上的威脅。menace威脅。threat威脅,恐嚇。二者意思相近，可相互替換。problem問題；難題。ultimatum最后通牒；最后結論。disaster災難，不幸。因此，本題的正確答案為D。6．Thedriverwasbaffledwhenhisturnsignalwouldn’twork.A.confusedB.surprisedC.angeredD.dismayed【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：這位司機發現自己的方向燈壞了，困惑不已。baffled困惑的。confused困惑的,疑惑的。二者意思相近，可相互替換。surprised感到驚訝的，出人意料的。angered生氣的，憤怒的。dismayed驚愕的；恐慌的。因此，本題的正確答案為A。7．Thefarthergavehissonahorse,whichwasconsideredextravagantbytherestofthefamily.A.exorbitantB.crazyC.unwiseD.generous【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：這位父親送了兒子一匹馬，對于家里其他人來說這可是十分奢侈的禮物。extravagant奢侈的。exorbitant（價格）過高的；（要求）過分的。二者意思相近，可相互替換。crazy瘋狂的。unwise不明智的；輕率的。generous慷慨的；大方的。因此，本題的正確答案為A。8．Aftertheboywashitonthehead,hehadnorecollectionofanythingthathadhappenedbefore.A.memoirB.memberC.memoryD.memento【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：這個男孩自從頭部受到撞擊之后，完全不記得之前發生的事情。recollection記憶。memory作名詞，意為“記憶”，havenomemoryof意為“完全不記得……”。二者意思相近，可相互替換。memoir回憶錄；自傳。member成員，組員。memento紀念品。因此，本題的正確答案為C。9．Thelittlegirlswerecommendedfortheirwonderfuldancepresentation.A.recommendedB.respectedC.pleasedD.praised【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：這些小女孩因為她們出色的舞蹈演出受到了表揚。commend贊賞。praise稱贊，表揚。二者意思相近，可相互替換。recommend推薦；介紹。respect尊重，尊敬。please作動詞，意為“使高興”。因此，本題的正確答案為D。l0.Itwouldbeablessingforthehumanraceifthemosquitocouldbeeradicated.A.wipedupB.wipedawayC.wipedoffD.wipedout【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：如果蚊蟲能被消滅掉，這對人類來講將是個福音。eradicate消滅。wipeout消滅，徹底摧毀。二者意思相近，可相互替換。wipeup擦干凈。wipeaway擦去。wipeoff擦掉；還清（債務等）。因此，本題的正確答案為D。11．Theclamorousgroupofchildrenenjoyedtheparkallafternoon.A.nosyB.noxiousC.noisyD.noisome【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：這群吵鬧的兒童整個下午都在公園里開心地玩耍。clamorous嘈雜的。noisy嘈雜的，喧鬧的。二者意思相近，可相互替換。nosy好管閑事的；愛追問的。noxious有毒的，有害的。noisome惡臭的。因此，本題的正確答案為C。12．Thefloodwatersbegantoabateassoonastherainceased.A.diminishB.dimC.deemD.dilute【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：雨一停，洪水就減退了。abate減少。diminish、dim、dilute都有“程度減輕”的意思，但描述的對象不一樣。diminish使減少，使變少，常指規模或影響力的減少。與abate意思相近，可相互替換。dim作動詞，意為“使暗淡”，通常描述光線的減弱。dilute作動詞，意為“稀釋”，通常指化學成分濃度的下降。deem認為，相信。因此，本題的正確答案是A。13．NewYorkCity’sBrooklynareaholds2.2milliondiverseanddisputatiouspeople.A.disputableB.argumentativeC.arbitraryD.ardent【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：紐約布魯克林地區居住著220萬形形色色、好爭辯的人。disputatious好爭辯的。argumentative好辯的，爭辯的。二者意思相近，可相互替換。disputable有爭議的。arbitrary武斷的；專制的。ardent熱情的；激烈的。因此，本題的正確答案為B。14．Fewvisitorscarethattheneighborhoodisdominatedbyhighrisesandskyscrapers.A.overlookedB.overthrownC.overpassedD.overshadowed【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：幾乎沒有參觀者在意高樓大廈俯瞰著這片街區。dominated為dominate的過去分詞，意為“俯瞰，俯視”，一般用于描述高的建筑物或山峰。overlooked為overlook的過去分詞，意為“俯瞰”。二者意思相近，可相互替換。overthrown為overthrow的過去分詞，意為“推翻，顛覆（政權）”。overpassed為overpass的過去分詞，意為“超越；忽略”。overshadowed為overshadow的過去分詞，意為“遮陰，使陰暗”。因此，本題的正確答案為A。15．Withthenewleadershiptherecamesweepingchange.A.uprootingB.wide-reachingC.reachingD.specific【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：新的領導人上任后，這個地方發生了廣泛的變化。sweeping廣泛的。wide-reaching涉及面廣的；影響深遠的。二者意思相近，可相互替換。uprooting是動詞uproot的現在分詞，不是形容詞。reaching是動詞reach的現在分詞，不是形容詞。specific具體的；特別的。因此，本題的正確答案是B。PartIIStructureandRhetoric(10%)Directions:ChoosetheOneanswerthatbestcompleteseachofthefollowingsentences.16．Thesuddenbankruptcyofthesefinancialgiantsthrewtheinvestors_____andcausedthemto_____.A.inapanic,stampedeB.inapanic,panicC.inconfusion,holdtheirstocksD.indespair,withdrawgradually【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：這些金融巨頭的突然破產讓投資者們陷入絕望，許多投資人紛紛撤股。indespair陷入絕望。inapanic陷入恐慌。inconfusion陷入困惑。四個選項的第一項均符合題意。withdraw撤回，抽身。stampede（人群或獸群的）狂奔。panic作動詞，意為“恐慌”。holdone’sstocks持有股票。因此，本題的正確答案為D。17．Duringthefloodof1927,theRedCross,_____outofemergencyheadquartersinMississippi,setuptemporarysheltersforthehomeless.A.operatesB.isoperatingC.hasoperatedD.operating【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：1927年大洪水期間，密西西比緊急指揮部的紅十字會為無家可歸的人搭建臨時避難所。本句的謂語為“setup”，動詞“operate”為非謂語，因此采用現在分詞operating。因此，本題的正確答案為D。18．Thequantum-theorystates_____,suchaslight,isgivenoffandabsorbedintinydefiniteunits calledquantaorphotons.A.energythatB.thatitisenergycitisenergyD.thatenergy【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：量子論闡明能量，如光是由無數個細小單位的光子和量子發出和吸收的。本句中state后接以that引導的賓語從句，構成動賓結構，且that不可以省略。賓語從句中缺少主語，主語一般為名詞，故用名詞energy。因此，本題的正確答案是D。19．ThebestknownofalltheArcticbirds,_____.A.birdwatchersfavorptarmigansB.beingptarmigans’andbirdwatchers’favoritesC.favoredbybothptarmigansandbirdwatchersD.ptarmigansareafavoriteofbirdwatchers【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：雷鳥是所有北極圈鳥類中最為出名的，也是觀鳥者的最愛。本句中前半句的名詞詞組為主語補足語，后半句須為一個完整的句子，只有A、D項符合要求。且前后主語一致，因此主語為鳥類ptarmigans。因此，本題的正確答案為D。20．Geysersareroundnearriversandlakes,wherewaterdrainsthroughthesoil_____.A.surfacebelowthedeepB.deepbelowthesurfaceC.thedeepbelowsurfaceD.thedeepsurfacebelow【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：間歇泉在河流和湖泊周圍，那兒的水穿過地表深層下的土壤排出。形容詞詞組做soil的后置定語。因此，本題的正確答案為B。21．“Yesterdayhehadablueheartandcoat.”Thatisanexampleof_____.A.punB.metonymyC.zeugmaD.syllepsis【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：“昨天他心情差，穿了件藍色的外套。”在原句中。blue分別搭配了heartandcoat，且含義不一樣。Zeugma軛式搭配法是用一個詞（動詞、形容詞或介詞）與兩個以上的在意義上不相干的名詞搭配。pun雙關語。metonymy轉喻。syllepsis一語雙敘法。因此，本題的正確答案為C。22．“Byday’send,Ihaddrilled4216holestoadepthof18inches,andIhadlostninepoundsmyhearing,feelinginbothhandsandtheabilitytoliftanythingheavierthantheeveningpaper.”Thatisanexampleof_____.A.pun"B.syllepsisC.anticlimaxD.allusion【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：“今天一天，我鉆了4216個洞，深至18英尺，但是我瘦了9磅，我的聽覺和雙手的知覺減退了，連舉起比餐巾紙重的東西的力氣都沒有了。”anticlimax突降法。pun雙關法。syllepsis一語雙敘法。allusion典故。因此，本題的正確答案為C。23．“Britanniarulesthewaves,Mussoliniwaivestherules.”Thatisanexampleof_____.A.paregmenonB.regressionC.paradoxD.zeugma【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：“不列顛女神統馭四海，墨索里尼無法無天。”regression回環，回文。paregmenon同源詞并列。paradox自相矛盾。zeugma軛式修飾法。因此，本題的正確答案為B。24．“Clearly,whenitcomestomarriage,practicingbeforehanddoesn’tmakeperfect.”Thatisanexampleof_____.A.oxymoronB.transferredepithetC.malapropismD.parody【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：很明顯，在婚姻里，熟不一定能生巧。“practicingbeforehanddoesn’tmakeperfect”是模仿英語中的名言“practicemakesperfect.”。parody仿擬。oxymoron矛盾修飾法。transferredepithet移就。malapropism可笑的用詞錯誤（尤指用發音相似而意義全非的詞）。因此，本題的正確答案為D。25．"Theoneinthebrownsuitgapedather.Bluesuitgrinned,mightevenhavewinked.Thebignoseingreysuitstillstared—andhehadsmallangryeyesanddidnotevensmile."Thatisanexampleof_____.A.hyperboleB.transferredepithetC.metonymyD.oxymoron【答案】C查看答案【解析】原文中“Bluesuitgrinned,mightevenhavewinked.”“suit”不可能grin或wink，這里“suit”指的是“suit”里頭的人。因此，運用的修辭手法是轉喻。metonymy轉喻。hyperbole夸張。transferredepithet移就，轉移修飾。oxymoron矛盾修飾法。因此，本題的正確答案為C。PartIIIReadingComprehension(15%)Directions:Thereare5passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldwriteyourchoicesontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Foryears,millionsofAmericansandpeoplefromaroundtheworldhavecrowdedintothewell-knownmajorparks.Theyhavereadthetravelliteratureorheardfirsthandreportsaboutthesewonders,andnaturallythey’vehadtoseeforthemselves.Attimes,visitingsomeofourparkshasbecomemorelikerubbingelbowsatajam-packedMajorLeaguebaseballgamethansensingthesolitudeofthewilderness.Wehavetriedtoseethemostandthebestintheleastamountoftime.Wehavejumpedintocarsandcampersandrushedofftocoveradozenparksinaweekortwo—madlysnappingphotographsaswego.26．Accordingtothepassage,manyAmericansvisitthemajorparksbecause_____A.theylikethewell-knownmajorparks.B.theywanttogainthesameknowledgeasothers.C.theywanttoshowthepicturesofthoseparkstotheirfriends.D.theydon’tcareforthehistoricparks.27．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____A.peopleshouldnotvisitseveralparkssuperficially.B.peopleshouldnotspendmoretimethinkingabouttheparkitself.C.peopleshouldvisitthefamousparksinAmerica.D.peopleshoulddrivearoundtheparks.【答案與解析】26．A文章第一段最后一句提到“theyhavereadthetravelliteratureorheardfirsthandreportsaboutthesewonders,andnaturallythey’vehadtoseeforthemselves.”由此可推測，吸引游客的主要原因是他們對名氣大的公園的喜愛。故選A。27．A文章第二段提到公園里時常擠滿了參觀者，參觀者總是抱著花最少的時間參觀最多的公園的心態，由此可推測作者是在建議參觀者在參觀公園時不應流于表面。故選A。Passage2Full-timefacultyandstaffontheUniversitypayroll,whenapplyingforanannualpermit,mayauthorizepaymentoftheirparkingfeesbypayrolldeduction.Thefirstdeductionwillincludetheregularmonthlydeductionof$15.00plusaone-timedeductiontocoverallparkingchargesaccruingpriortothefirstdeductionperiod.28．TheseinstructionsapplytoA.anyonewhoisapplyingforaparkingpermit.B.allpeoplewhowanttoparkattheUniversity.C.peoplewhoworkfull-timeattheUniversity.D.peoplewhoareapplyingtoworkattheUniversity.29．YoumayhaveyourparkingfeesdeductedfromyourpayifyouA.areapplyingforanannualpermit.B.havepaidallpriorparkingcharges.C.applybeforethefirstdeductionperiod.D.parkattheUniversityregularly.【答案與解析】28．C文章開頭介紹了整篇短文的對象“full-timefacultyandstaff”。故選c。29．A文章第一句提到“Full-timefacultyandstaffontheUniversitypayroll,whenapplyingforanannualpermit,mayauthorizepaymentoftheirparkingfeesbypayrolldeduction.”條件是“applyingforanannualpermit”。故選A。Passage3ThescienceoflinguisticshashelpedtoreconstructthelongroadtheancestorsofmoderndayIndianstraveledinNorthAmerica.AtthetimeofthediscoveryoftheNewWorld,theexplorersfoundababeloftongues.InNorthandSouthAmericamorelanguageswerespoken—about2,200ofthem—thanallofEuropeandAsiaatthattime.DespitewhatsomeearlyexplorersandEuropeanscholarsbelieved,thereneverwassuchalanguageas“AmericanIndian”—meaning,presumably,onecommonlanguagewithonlylocaldialects.RatherthanonecommonlanguagethatlinkedtileIndiansofNorthAmerica,about550distinctlanguageswerespoken,andnearlyeverylanguagecomprisednumerousdialects.Asecondmisconceptionwasthatalanguagehadtobewrittentorankasafull-fledgedlanguage.InNorthAmerica,atrulywrittenlanguagedevelopedonlyinMexico,yetmostIndiangroupswereabletocommunicatearichunwrittentraditionofpoetry,oratory,anddrama.30．WhenexplorersdiscoveredNorthAmerica,____.A.therewasonecommonlanguagespokenthroughouttheland.B.theydiscoveredaplacedcalledBabel.C.writtenlanguagewasanimportantmeansofcommunication.D.thereweremanylanguagesspoken,mostwithmanydialects.31．Anincorrectbeliefofsomeearlyscholarswasthat____.A.550distinctlanguageswerespokeninNorthAmerica.B.theAmericanIndianlanguagehadmanydialects.C.morelanguageswerespokeninNorthAmericathaninEurope.D.tobeareallanguage,alanguagehadtobewritten.32．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.OnlyMexicanIndianscommunicatedthroughpoetry,drama,andoration.B.MostIndianlanguageswererichinpoetry,oratoryariddrama.C.OnlywrittenIndianlanguageswererichinpoetry,oratory,anddrama.D.NorthAmericanIndiansdidnotdevelopatrulywrittenlanguage.【答案與解析】30．D文章中第二句提到“AtthetimeofthediscoveryoftheNewWorld,theexplorersfoundababeloftongues.”緊接著第三句提到在北美和南美發現的語言更多，大約有2200種語言。由此可知，新大陸剛被發現時，當地有許多種的語言。故選D。31．D文章中間部分提到“Asecondmisconceptionwasthatalanguagehadtobewrittentorankasafull-fledgedlanguage.”早期學者的一個錯誤觀念是語言必須有其書寫形式才稱得上是成熟的語言。對應選項D。選項A、B、C反映的都是真實存在的事實，并非學者的錯誤觀念。故選D。32．B定位至文章中最后一句：“InNorthAmerica,atrulywrittenlanguagedevelopedonlyinMexico,yetmostIndiangroupswereabletocommunicatearichunwrittentraditionofpoetry,oratory,anddrama.”A項錯在主題范圍縮小至MexicanIndians，應為mostIndians，故B正確。C錯在writtenlanguage，應為unwrittenlanguage。D錯在全盤否定，MexicanIndians發展了書面語。故選B。Passage4Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human–relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain—bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow—competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise“capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.33．By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery“theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis____.A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual’sfunctionisnegligibleB.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesocietyC.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesocietyD.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly34．Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat____.A.theyarelikelytolosetheirhobsB.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlifeC.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceD.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence35．Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose_____.A.whoareatthebottomofthesocietyB.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatusC.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitorsD.whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld36．Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorputsforwardasuggestionthatweshould______.A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestorsB.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployeesC.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialitiesD.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted【答案與解析】33．D定位至文章的第一段第一句，作者緊接著補充“yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit”，隨后又把人比喻為“economicpuppets”（經濟傀儡），根據這些關鍵詞可知把人比喻成機器中的齒輪是暗示人受社會的牽引，失去了主動性。故選D。34．B文章第二段第一句解釋了員工焦慮的兩大原因，一是失業的擔憂，二是沒有在工作中獲得滿足感和挖掘出樂趣。選項A對應第一個原因，選項B對應第二個原因。原文采用的是“notonly…butalso…”結構，強調的是后半部分。故選第二個原因B。35．D文章第三段開頭提到“Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.”，由此可知處于社會底層和高層的人都十分焦慮，故排除A、B。第三段最后一句提到不斷的競爭是不快樂的根源，故排除C。故選D。36．C文章最后一段倒數第二句提到“Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemform…intoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities”,由此可知作者的建議是社會制度應朝著開發人的工作潛能方面發展。故選C。Passage5Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,pure,unprejudiced,objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthesedaysthecomplexnewsitmustprovidemore;itmustsupplyexplanation,themeaningofthefacts.ThisisthemostimportantassignmentfacingAmericanjournalism―tomakecleartothereadertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsunderstandableascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereisnolongeranysuchthing（withthepossibleexceptionofsocietynews）as“local”news,becauseanyeventintheinternationalareahaslocalreactioninthefinancialmarket,politicalcircles,indeed,ofourverywayoflife.Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyouconsidergivinganexplanation,youareenteringdangerouswater,theswirlingtidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.Theopponentsofexplanationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshallconfinehimselftothe“facts”.Thisinsistenceraisestwoquestions.Whatarethefacts?Andarethebarefactsenough?Asforthefirstquestion,considerhowaso-called“factual”storycomesabout.Thereportercollects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspacebeingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectsthetenthatheconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshallconstitutethebeginningofthearticle.(thisisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph)ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordecideswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalargeinfluence,oronpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.Thusintheshowofaso-called“factual”of“objective”story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlikethoseinvolvedinexplanation,inwhichreporterandeditor,callingupontheirresearchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir“newsneutralism”,arriveataconclusionastotheimportanceofthenews.Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationofthenewsanditsexplanation,arebothobjectiveratherthansubjectiveprocesses―asobjective,thatis,asanyhumanbeingcanbe.(Noteinpassing;eventhoughcompleteobjectivitycanneverbeachieved,neverthelesstheidealmustalwaysbethelightinthemurkynewschannels)Ifaneditorisinternongivingaprejudicedviewofthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyexplanation.Hecandoitbytheselectionofthosefactsthatsupporthisparticularviewpoint.Orhecandoitbytheplayhegivesastorypromotingittopageoneorputtingitonpagethirty.60．Thebesttitleforthispassageis_____.A.FunctionoftheNightEditorB.ExplainingtheNewsC.SubjectiveversusobjectiveProcessesD.ChoosingFacts61．Theauthorimpliesthat_____.A.inwritingafactualstory,thewritermustusejudgmentB.thewritershouldlimithimselftothefactsC.reportersgiveaprejudicedviewofthefactsD.editorscontrolwhatthereporterswrite62．Thebeginningsentenceshouldpresentthemostimportantfactbecause_____.A.itwillinfluencethereadertocontinueB.mostreadersdon’tadvancebeyondthefirstparagraphC.itisthebestwaytowriteaccordingtotheschoolsofjournalismD.itdetailsthegeneralattitudeofthewriter63．Readersarejustifiedinthinkingthatthemostimportantaspectofthenewsreportedinthenewspaperisthatitshouldbe_____.A.explainedindetailB.editedproperlyC.objectivelyreportedD.impartial【答案與解析】60．B文章開頭以新聞越發復雜的現狀開始，隨后就是否為新聞事實進行解釋引出兩方對立的觀點。然后描述了新聞中甄選事實依據的三大標準，分析呈現事實和解釋事實的主客觀性。由此可知，本文主要還是圍繞“解釋新聞”這一點展開討論的。故選B。61．B文章第五段開頭提到“Thusintheshowofaso-called“factual”of“objective”story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.”，對應選項A。B文章未提及作者的態度。C屬于斷章取義，定位至最后一段可知這僅是作者的一個假設。D屬于夸大說辭，最后一段提到editors有除開解釋之外的其他方式表達觀點，但沒有提到控制reporters。故選A。62．B文章第四段中間部分提到“thisisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph”，由此可知原因是多數讀者只讀第一段，故選B。63．A文章主要是講述解釋新聞，A項最符合題意。B項排版問題文章未做重點講，C、D項意思相同，故選A。PartIVTranslation(30%)Directions:YourtranslationmustbewrittenontheAnswerSheet.SectionA(FromEnglishintoChinese;15%)1．Intheearlystageofourlife,ourparentsaretheoneswhoshowuswithunconditionalloveandcare,theyteachusaboutwhatisrightandwrong,goodandbad.Butwealwaystendtotakethisforgranted.Itisonlyaftermarriageandhavingkidsthatapersonunderstandsandbecomessensitivetoothersfeelings.Kidsmakeapersonresponsibleandmatureandhelpustounderstandlifebetter.【參考譯文】在我們的人生早期，我們的父母給予我們無條件的關心和照顧，他們教會我們什么是對與錯，什么是好與壞。然而，我們總認為這是理所當然的。只有當我們結婚并有了孩子之后，一個人才會懂得并關注別人的感受。孩子讓人變得有責任感，變得成熟，并幫助我們更好地理解生活。2．Materialistichappinessisshort-lived,buthappinessachievedbybringingasmileonothersfacegivesacertainleveloffulfillment.Peaceofmindisthemainlinktohappiness.Nomindishappywithoutpeace.Werealizethetrueworthofhappinesswhenweareinsorrow.Sorrowisbasicallyduetodeathofalovedone,failureanddespair.Butthesethingsaretemporaryandpassaway.【參考譯文】物質上的快樂往往是短暫的，然而給別人帶來歡樂而帶來的快樂，那種滿足是無與倫比的。內心的平靜與快樂密切相關。沒有寧靜，內心無法幸福。悲傷的時候，我們往往能夠體會到快樂的真諦。悲傷基本上是由于愛人的離去，失敗和絕望而產生的。但這樣的事情總是短暫的，終究會過去的。3．Failureisthepathtosuccess.Ithelpsustotouchthesky,teachesustosurviveandshowsusaspecificway.Successbringsinmoney,fame,prideandself-respect.Hereitbecomesveryimportanttokeepourheadonourshoulder.TheonlywaytoshowourgratitudetoGodforbestowingsuccessonusisbybeinghumble,modest,courteousandrespectfultothelessfortunateones.【參考譯文】失敗是成功的必經之路。它讓我們觸及藍天，教會我們如何生存，為我們指引一條特別的路。成功給予我們金錢，名譽，驕傲，自尊。此刻，保持頭腦清醒尤為重要。感謝上帝給予我們成功的唯一方法是對那些不幸的人保持謙卑、禮貌和尊敬的態度。4．Hopeiswhatkeepslifegoing.Parentsalwayshopetheirchildrenwilldowell.Hopemakesusdream.Hopebuildsinpatience.Lifeteachesusnottodespaireveninthedarkesthour,becauseaftereverynightthereisaday.Nothingremainsthesame.Wehaveonlyonechoicekeepmovingoninlifeandbehopeful.【參考譯文】希望是人生活動力之源。父母總是希望孩子做得好。希望使我們擁有夢想，希望使我們變得有耐心。生命教育我們即使在最黑暗的時刻也不要絕望，因為黑暗過后終將是黎明。我們惟有充滿希望繼續前行。5．Lifeteachesusnottoregretoveryesterday,forithaspassedandisbeyondourcontrol.Tomorrowisunknown,foritcouldeitherbebrightordull.Sotheonlyalternativeisworkhardtoday,sothatwewillenjoyabettertomorrow.【參考譯文】生命教導我們不要后悔昨天。因為昨天已經過去并且我們無法控制。明天是未知的，因為它有可能是光明的，也有可能是黑暗的。所以唯一的選擇就是今天好好工作，這樣我們才可以享受更好的明天。SectionB(FromChineseintoEnglish;15%)從我居室的窗口望出去，可以看到一株高高的芙蓉樹。在那煙樹參差的春日里花紅點點，煞是迷人。它牽動我的靈感，撩撥我的文思，久而久之，我竟視這位隔窗而立的“鄰居”為知己了。可是，有一個早晨，我推窗而望，驀然發現昨夜的一場風雨已將它剝蝕得面目全非。立時，一種“繁花落盡”的悲涼掠過了我的心頭！我不由感慨系之：在人生道路上磕磕絆絆，幾經周折，幾度滄桑，又一次次地失落了許多至愛的朋友，生命不正如同這隨風而逝的繁花么？！這件事過了些時日，也就漸漸地淡忘了。一次，我下鄉歸來，感覺到室內空氣有些沉悶，就不經意地打開了窗戶，頓覺眼前一亮：一樹火紅的三角梅映入眼簾，它在夕陽的背景下定格。意外的驚喜使我幾乎不能自制，我詫異，當初在落英的背后，為什么竟沒有發現這萌動著的不屈的生命呢？是的，芙蓉的最后一葉花瓣凋落了，人們對它的嘉許也遺忘在往昔的記憶里，可是三角梅卻成長了，那火焰般燦爛耀眼的紅色向人們昭示著生命的更迭與延續。誰能說，失去與獲得不是一曲交響樂呢？【參考譯文】FrommybedroomwindowcouldIseeatallhibiscustree.Inspring,plentyofflowersweresocharminginthemist.Itaffectedmyinspirationandtricksmythoughtsinwriting.Astimewenton,Ishouldtreatthis“neighbor”standingbymywindowasmyintimatefriends.Butonemorning,Iopenedthewindowonlytofinditbeyondrecognition,denudatedbythewindandrainlastnight.Immediatelythesadnessof“glorygone”crossedmymind!Ican’thelpsighingthatlife,fullofsetbacks,rises,falls,frequentlossesofbelovedfriendsissobumpythatitisexactlythesameastheprosperitygonewiththewinD.Afterseveraldays,Igraduallyforgetit.Once,whenIturnedbackfromthecounty,feelingtheairheavyintheroom,Iopenedthewindowcasually.Allofasudden,itwassuchaspecularsceneryinfrontofme：afiery-redbougainvilleacameintomysight,anditfrizzedinthebackgroundofsunset.Suchapleasantsurprisemademeoutofcontrol,IwonderedwhyIhadhadnoideaofsuchunyieldinglifesproutingoverthefallenpetals.Asthelastwitheredpetaldropped,people’spraiseofitwasleftintheoldmemories.However,bougainvilleagrowsanditsflaminganddazzlingredshowedtopeoplethealternationandcontinuityoflife.Can’titbesaidthatlifeisactuallyasymphonyoflossandgain？PartVClozeTest(10%)Directions:ProvideonlyONEwordforeachspaceinthefollowingpassage.YoushouldwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.TheNetisnolongeranovelty,aninterestingwaytopassthetime.Itsadventhasbroughtaboutarevolutioninpeople’swayofdoingbusiness.Bygoingonline,companiescancommunicateinstantlyanddirectlywithpotentialcustomers.TodaytheInternetistransformingpromotion.WhetheryourWebsite’sgoalisto(1)____products,provideaservice,ortoincreasebrandaw