初中任務型閱讀解題技巧

任務型閱讀簡介

任務型閱讀是閱讀理解題的一部分，通過學生對閱讀材料進行歸納概括，尋找有用細節信息，進行推理判斷然后寫出最適當的答案。它要求學生能夠理解材料的主旨要義，理解文中具體信息，根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義，做出簡單判斷和推理，理解文章的基本結構以及理解作者的意圖和態度等。任務型閱讀主要考查考生是否能夠有效地運用語言“做事”的能力，體現了語言能力、智力能力和社會經驗等方面能力的有機結合。

任務型閱讀的指導策略任務型閱讀的命題形式大致有如下幾種：1.根據文章內容回答問題；對文章中的某一句或幾句進行英譯漢或漢譯英的翻譯；2.根據文章內容填入所缺單詞；3.給文章擬標題；4.用適當的詞替換目標單詞；5.舉出與文章主題相關的另一個例子等。下面就其中最常見的幾種命題形式簡單闡述一下指導方法：

題型一：根據文章內容回答問題這種命題形式是初中英語任務型閱讀最常見的形式。問題有針對全文大意的，也有針對細節內容的。具體指導策略:

（1）做題方法。針對這種形式，比較好的方法是先看問題，然后帶著問題讀文章，概括總結文章大意或把與問題相關的細節處劃出來，再通過閱讀上下文寫出答案。

（2）答案書寫的規范性。回答問題的形式有兩種：用完整句子回答和用關鍵字或詞回答。用完整的句子回答問題要注意句子的邏輯性和針對性，還要注意句子在語法上的準確性。

題型二：對文章中的某一句或幾句進行英譯漢或漢譯英的翻譯需要翻譯的句子不是孤立的，而是放在語境中的，有特定的上下文。因此，僅僅從語法角度去翻譯還不夠，要讓句子回歸文章。具體指導策略:

(l)通讀全文，了解主旨。

(2)細讀所需翻譯句子，再把它回歸文中去做充分的理解。

(3)解決句子中的關鍵詞，比如要把文章中“Heiskindandfriendlytothosewhoarepoorandweak.”這個句子翻譯成中文，搞清楚he指代的是什么最關鍵，這就要求學生充分閱讀上下文才能準確定位。

(4)注意中英文的不同表達習慣，不斷調整句子，使之符合語法規范。

題型三：給文章擬標題給文章擬標題要精練、準確、到位。比較常見的文章標題形式有:動詞短語、名詞短語和問題形式。具體指導策略:(l)把握文章主題，作者的寫作意圖，所要體現的精神或所要解決的問題。

(2)尋找文章中的概括性語言、或能體現文章精髓的中心句，特別是在首段和末段。

(3)對找到的句子進行加工和整合，概括出標題，注意標題形式。

題型四：根據課文內容填入所缺單詞它主要考察學生的單詞拼寫，詞形轉換，掌握人稱和數的變化，正確把握時態語態，運用固定搭配等能力。

Americanslovesports—theylovetoplaythem,towatchthemontelevision,andtotalkaboutthem.Butthishobbysometimeshasseriousresults—atleasttotheplayers.Forexample,whenpeopleplaytennis,sometimestheyhurttheirelbow（肘部）andinthiswaytheydevelop“tenniselbow”.Alsoitiseasytohurtakneeinafootballgame.Theseinjuries（損傷）happenwhiletheplayerishavingfun,buttheystillhurt.

Afewmonthsago,KathleenSimmons,wholovesplayingvolleyball,hurtherkneeinavolleyballgame.Herdoctortoldherthatsheneededaverydifficultoperation（手術）orshemightnotbeabletoplayagain.Shefeltverysadanddidn’tknowwhattodo.

ThenSimmonslearnedabout“videooperation”.Withthehelpofthisnewscienceinmedicine,doctorscannowrepairmanyinjuriesandgetpeoplebackontheplayingfieldandbacktotheirjobsmuchfaster.Simmonsfoundahospitalthatwasusingthisnewscienceandwenttoseethedoctorthere.Thedoctorstoldhertheoperationcouldhelp.

”

Forthisoperation,herdoctordidn’thavetoopenherknee.Insteadheputaverysmallcameralens（鏡頭）insideherknee.Thelenssentbackpictures,whichappearedonatelevisionscreen.Asheworked,hecouldseetheinsideofherkneeontheTV.Withthehelpofthelargepicturesonthescreen,thedoctorknewexactlywhattodowhenhewasmakingtherepairs.

Simmonsstartedwalkingfivedaysafterheroperation.“Mykneehurtalotthefirstfewdays,”shesaid.“ButIfeltbetterveryquickly.”Now,sixmonthsafterheroperation,Simmonscandoeverythingshedidbeforeherinjury.“Itfeelslikeanewknee,”shesaid.“Icanevenplayvolleyballagain.

1.DoAmericanslovesports?_____________________________________________2.WhatsportisSimmonsinterestedin?_____________________________________________3.WhatdidthedoctorputinsideSimmons’knee?_____________________________________________4.Whatproblemmaypeoplehavewhentheyplaysports?_____________________________________________5.What’stheadvantage（優點）ofthenewscience?_____________________________________________

1.Yes./Yes,theydo.

2.Volleyball.

3.Acameralens.

4.Theymaygethurt.

5.Doctorscandooperationsmoreeasilyandpatientscangetwellmorequickly.

Ifyougointotheforestswithfriends,staywiththem.Ifyoudon’t,youmaygetlost.Ifyoudogetlost,thisiswhatyoushoulddo.Sitdownandstaywhereyouare.Don’ttrytofindyourfriends.Letthemfindyou.Youcanhelpthemtofindyou(1)_____stayinginoneplace.Thereisanotherwaytohelpyourfriendsorotherpeopletofindyou.(2)Givethemasignal(信號)byshoutingorwhistling(吹口哨)threetimes.Stop.Thenshoutorwhistlethreetimesagain.Anysignalgiventhreetimesisacallforhelp.Keeponshoutingorwhistling,alwaysthreetimestogether.Whenpeoplehearyou,theywillgivetowshoutsortwowhistles.Whenasignalisgiventwice,itisananswertoacallforhelp.Ifyoudon’tthinkthatyouwillgethelpbeforenightcomes,trytomakeasmallroomwithbranches.(樹枝)(3)如果你餓了后需要喝水，你該怎么辦？Youwouldhavetoleaveyourlittlebranchroomtolookforsomethingtoeatanddrink.Don’tjustwalkaway.Sothatyoucanfindyourwayback.Themostimportantthingtodowhenyouarelost—stayinoneplace.1.將（1）處填入適當的詞，使句意完整，通順_______________________________.2.將第（2）句譯成漢語______________________________________________________.3.將第（3）句譯成英語_________________________________________________.4.找出文中與Whenyouaremarching,dropsomebranchesontheway.意思相近的句子。___________________________________________________________________________.5. 找出或寫出文中最能表達短文主題的句子。___________________________________________________________________________.

1.by2.通過三聲尖叫或是吹三次口哨給他們發信號3.Whatshouldyoudoifyougethungryorneedtodrinkwater4.Youwouldhavetoleaveyourlittlebranchroomtolookforsomethingtoeatanddrink.Don'tjustwalkaway5.Ifyoudogetlost,thisiswhatyoushoulddo.

Readingnewspapershasbecomeanimportantpartofeverydaylife.Somepeoplereadnewspapersasthefirstthingtodointhemorning,othersreadnewspapersassoonastheyhavefreetimeduringthedaysothattheylearnwhatishappeningintheworld.(1)有時侯，我們忙得沒有時間讀全部新聞。Sowejusttakeaquicklookatthefrontpage.Attheothertimes,wemaybeinsuchahurrythatweoftenhaveafewminutestolookatthenamesofthepassages.Newspaperscanbefoundaroundtheworld.Wecangetmanydifferentkindsofnewspapersinbigcities,butinsomemountainvillageswecanseefewnewspapers.Somenewspaperscomeoutonceaweek,butmostofthepapersarepublishedonceadaywithmanypages,someevenpublishedtwiceaday!Youknowdifferentpeopleenjoyreadingdifferentnewspapers,somelikeworldnews,andothersprefershortstories.Theyonlychoose(2)_____theylike.(3)TodaynewspapersinEnglishhavethelargestnumberofreadersintheworld.TheEnglishlanguageissopopularthatmanyChinesestudentsarereadingEnglishnewspaperssuchasChinaDailyor21stCentury.TheybringusmoreandmoremessagestogetherwiththeInternet1.將第（1）句譯成英語_______________________________________________.2.將（2）處填入適當的詞，使句意完整，通順_______________________________.3.將第（3）句譯成漢語_______________________________________________.4.找出文中與Therearenewspapersacrosstheworld.意思相近的句子。________________________________________________.5. 找出或寫出文中最能表達短文主題的句子。___________________________________________________________________________.

1.Sometimeswearetoobusytoreadallthenews2.what3.如今,英文報紙在世界上有數量最多的讀者4.Newspaperscanbefoundaroundtheworld.

5.Readingnewspapershasbecomeanimportantpartofeverydaylife.Theprogram“ChinaYearinRussia(俄羅斯)”hasended,buttheculturaltiesbetweenthetwocountriesgrowstronger.“Chinesefever(中國熱)”continuesinRussia.Fifty-year-oldWeiDehanhasbeenstudyingChinesecultureforthirtyyears.HewasamongthefirstRussianstoopenaChineseteahouseinMoscow.Thatwasin1995.HealsoteachesChineselanguageandTaiChi(太極).2)During“ChinaYearinRussia”,hesetupamagazineintroducingChineseculture.It’spopularwithlocalreaders.InRussia,youngpeoplewhocanspeakChinese1)_____________byeveryindustry.YoungpeoplewhoareabletospeakChineselanguagefindjobseasily.Some15-thousandpeopleattendChineselanguageclassesinRussia.TheConfuciusInstitute(孔子學院),theworld-wideChineselanguageandcultureeducationcenter,hasbeensetupinthirteenofRussia’suniversitiesandcolleges.Besidesthelanguage,Chinesewayoflifeisbecomingacommonfactor(因素)inthedailylivesofRussianpeople.3)綠茶，中國食品和太極變得越來越受歡迎。Russiannewspapersandmagaz