HemingwayTheKillerLifeborninasmalltowncalledOakParkinIllinoisnearChicagofather:asuccessfulphysician,middleclass,lovefishingandhunting;mother:musicteacherahappychildhood;aloverofbrutalsports,suchasboxingandfootballinmiddleschoolThoughhisfatherhopedhimtobeaphysician,Hemingwayrefusedtoenteruniversity.Hechosetobeareporter.DuringtheWWI,hewantedtojointhearmybutwasrefusedbecauseofhispooreyesight.ThenHemingwaycametoItalytoworkasanambulancedriver.Hewasseriouslywoundedinthebattlefield.Thenightmarishwarexperiencechangedhislife.Afterthewar,hestillworkedasareporter.HewassenttoParisandknewPound,GertrudeStein,SherwoodAndersonandsomeotherfamouswriterswhoencouragedhimtowrite.HealsoworkedasawarreporterintheSpanishCivilWarandtheWWII.Heisatoughguywithrathermasculinemanner.Inallhislife,helovedtoughgames,suchasboxing,hunting,deep-seafishingandsoon.Hewasinjuredmanytimes.Inalltheoperations,237steelfragmentsweretakenoutfromHemingway’sbody.Healsosuffered3caraccidentsand2aircrushes.Hewasadmiredasaherobylotsofpeopleandhislifestylewasimitated.(9)In1961,Hemingwayshothimselfwithguninhishome.ElizabethHadleyRichardson"Throughhisliteraryfriends,hemetandfellinlovewithanothertall,lovelyyoungwoman,HadleyRichardson.ShewaseightyearsolderthanHemingway..."PaulineMariePfeiffer"Paulinewasawell-educated,devoutCatholicwithagreatjob,ahugetrustfund,andcountless,moresuitable,admirers."MarthaEllisGellhorn"Gellhorn'smarriagetohemingwaylastedfiveyears,endingwhenGellhornleftHemingway,theonlyofhiswivestodoso."MaryWelsh"...astunningblondjournalistfromMinnesota..."Works1926“TheSunAlsoRises”DeepillusionofthewholegenerationaftertheWWI;thecharactersindulgedthemselvesindepravedlifetomakethemselvesnumb1927MenWithoutWomen1928“AFarewelltoArms”atragicstoryaboutwarandlove1933WinnerTakeNothing1940“ForWhomtheBellTolls”Spanishcivilwaralsoastoryaboutwarandlove1942

MenatWarThebestWarStoriesofAllTime

;editedandwithintroductionbyHemingway1952"TheOldManandtheSea”In1954,HemingwaygottheNobelPrizetheimportanceoflifeliesintheprocessofsearchingandresistanceHistoricalContext"TheKillers"waswritteninthe1920swhenorganizedcrimewasatitsprimeduringprohibitionChicagowasthehomeofalcapone.HemingwayhimselfhadspenttimeinChicagoasayoungman.WhenthingsbecametoodangerousforthemobtheywouldretreattothesuburbofSummit,where"TheKillers"takesplace.DespiteHemingway'sknowledgeoforganizedcrimeheomittedmuchofthatbackgroundfromthestory.Hemingwayhimselfsaid,"ThatstoryprobablyhadmoreleftoutofitthananythingIeverwrote.IleftoutallChicago,whichishardtodoin2951words."Conclusion

FromHemingway’snovelsacleardevelopingprocesscanbefound.Fromtheloststateatthebeginning,hegraduallyfoundoutthesignificanceoflifeandtheprincipleshumanshouldholdinameaninglessworld.“TheOldManandtheSea”canbetakenasaconclusionofhisideas.Commonthemeofhisnovels:“graceunderpressure”Hemingwayheroes:anoblebuttragichero;fightingwiththeoverwhelmingforce;thoughheknowsthathewillbedefeatedatlast,hedecidestoactlikeahero

Significanceof“Hemingwayheroes”:restoringthehumandignityinthe20thcenturyPrizePulitzerPrize(1953)

PrizeforFiction

TheOldManandtheSeaTheNobelPrizeinLiterature1954"forhismasteryoftheartofnarrative,mostrecentlydemonstratedinTheOldManandtheSea,andfortheinfluencethathehasexertedoncontemporarystyle"Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated.Thedignityofmovementofanicebergisduetoonlyone-eighthofitbeingabovewater.SummaryTheKillerstellsusanattemptedmurderstory.Twokillers,AlandMaxwenttoHenry’slunch-roomandsaidtheywillkillthemannamedAndresonwhowasaboxer.TheyarrangedthesceneofthecrimeskillfullyandcontrolledtheCountermanGeorge,NickandthecookSam.However,Andresondidn’tappear.Afterthetwokillersleaving,NickwenttoAndreson’shomeandtoldhimwhatwouldhappen.ItseemedthatAndresonhadknowneverything,hedidn’ttakeanyaction,onthecontrary,hewaswaitingtodie.Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_Section1"TheKillers"beginswithtwomenwalkingintoHenry'slunchroomanddiscussingwhattheywanttoeat.MaxandAlbickeroverwhatmenuitemsareavailablewithGeorge,thecountermanwhohadbeentalkingwithNickAdams,theonlyothercustomer.AlandMaxorderGeorgetotellthecook,Sam,tocomeoutofthekitchen,andthenAltakesNickandSambackintothekitchen.MaxannouncesthattheyareatthelunchroomtokillOleAndreson,aSwedewhousuallyeatsdinnerthereatsixo'clock.Atfiveminutespastseven,thetwomenleave,shotgunsbulgingfromtheirovercoats.Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_Section2Georgewatchesthemenleave.NickandSamcomeoutfromthekitchen,andNickremovesthetowelthathadbeenstuffedinhismouth.GeorgetellsNickthathe’dbettergototellOleAndresonthatthetwomenarelookingforhim,butSamwarnshimto"stayoutofit."AfterNicksaysheisgoingtotellOle,Samremarks,"Littleboysalwaysknowwhattheywanttodo."ThisremarkunderscoresNick'syouthandhisinnocence.Inthissection,itbecomesclearthatNickhasbecometheprotagonistofthestory.Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_Section3Inthissection,NickvisitsHirsch'sroominghouse,whereOlelives.Mrs.Bell,theroominghousemanager,letsNickin.Oleislyingonthebed,dressed,staringatthewall.NicktellsOleaboutthetwomen,butOlesays,"Thereisn'tanythingIcandoaboutit."HerefusesNick'soffertotellthepolice,remarking,"I'mthroughwithallthatrunningaround."Olespeakswitha"flat"voice,meaningthatheshowsnoemotion.OlethanksNickforcoming.Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_Section4Inthislastsection,NickwalksbacktoHenry'sandtellsGeorgeaboutOle:"He'sinhisroomandhewon'tgoout."Samopensthekitchendoor,says,"Idon'tevenlistentoit,"andshutsitagain.HenrysaysthatOle"musthavegotmixedupinsomethinginChicago."Chicagowasahotbedofcrimeandgangsteractivityinthe1920s,soitisconceivablethat,asGeorgetellsNick,Ole"double-crossedsomebody.That'swhattheykillthemfor."Nickisshockedatwhathappensandsayshecan'tbeartothinkofOlewaitinginhisroomtogetkilled.Hevowsto"getoutofthistown."Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_thekillers,AlandMax―hewearaderbyhatandablackovercoatbuttonedacrossthechest…(P364)―announcingtheirplanstokillOle…(P368)―theirmockingonthemasculinityofGeorge,Sam,andNick…(P369,370)NichAdams―believeshecandosomethingtochangethesituationbytellingOleaboutthemen.(P372)OleAndreson―hewasverysilence…(Page373)

Part1Part1MasculinityHemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_thetwokillerskillingapersonjustforafriend…(369)GeorgeandSam'sresponsetothecrime…(P372)OleAndreson'sreactiontotheevents…criticizingthelawjustthefewpeople'slawPart1Part2CrimeHemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_Henry'slunch-roomwasinchargeofGeroge.thekillersdidn'tknowthenameofthetownHirsch'sroominghousewaslookedafterbyMrsBell.theprizefightershouldbestrongbutinthestoryveryweakanddefeated.Part3chaosHemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_Becauseofthedarknessandignoranceoftheworld,NickAdams,inhiscomingageasaman,amaincharacterinthestory,experiencesevilintheworldandisadifferentpersonattheclosethanhewasatthestart.Hewantedtoescapefromtheevents,butthesocietyatthattimewerethesame,andhecannotchangeit.AndNick,intheendwillbecomethetypeofsophisticatedman.Thisshortstorydescribedthesocietyof1920s.AfterWorldWar1,evrythinginthesocietyhasbeenoutoforder.Thissituationhasinfluencedalotofpeople.Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_TheKillersEvil&Cruel&BrutalHeartless&merciless&ruthlessRude&coldbloody&violent∝Beinghitmen

”Heneverhadachancetodoanythingtous.Heneverevenseenus.”“Andhe’sonlygoingtoseeusonce.”(P369)∝Rudelanguage(aggressivesatire)∝appearancesanddressings(P364)

Al◆theonewiththegun◆

tiesupNickandSaminthekitchen◆“heknewI’dblowhisheadoff."(370)◆

Afterwards“It’ssloppy”(371)

Max◆

Notmention◆

Keepbrightboyamused(369)◆“Heisaniceboy”◆“Theyareallright”Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_TheKillers2.foppishfools?competentassassins?

▼behaviors▼Dressedliketwinswearingovercoattootightforthem

Lookedlikeavaudevilleteam(P371)▼languagerepetition(Max)@AlasksthesecondtimeforNick’sname

(366)@MealsHamsandeggsBaconandeggsAl’sMax’sclassicvaudevilleduo3.ProfessinalmirrorHemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_OleAndresonHeisatoughguy?Heisn’tatoughguy?That’saquestion."Hemingwayhero’scode,"

1.

physicallyprizefighter2.calmness3.

thefutilityofaction.“I’mthroughtwithallthatrunningaround”(tobecontinued)lyinginhisbedandstaringatthewall.Weak?Coward?Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_*Thekillersdon’tknow*"What’sitallabout?"

"Hey,Al,"Maxcalled,"brightboywantstoknowwhatit’sallabout."

[…]

"Whatdoyouthinkit’sallabout?"

[…]

Whatdoyouthink?[…]

"Hey,Al,brightboysayshewouldn’tsaywhathethinksit’sallabout."

*

"Didyoutellhimaboutit?"Georgeasked.

"Sure.Itoldhimbutheknowswhatit’sallabout."

OleAndresonFightingisuseless,runningisuseless,soit’sallaboutgivinginandacceptingthewaythingsare.

Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_NickAdams1.

1.amicableheanswerswithouthasslewhenthekillersstartgivinghimahardtime2.earnestandhelpfulLovingandcaringnotify3.Unsophisticatednaiveinnocent◆

gettingtiedupandgaggedinthekitchen

hetriedto"swagger[that]off"backinthefirstscene

(372)◆“It’sanawfulthing”“I’mgiongtogetoutofthistown”(end)transformationfrominnocencetoexperienceHemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_George1experiencedcalmcleverharassaboutthedinnermenu

“JustthoseIsaid”(365)☆Taunting“brightboy”(365)Whatareyoulookingat?(366)☆“Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”(367)Gettheintentionofthekillers(368-369)2.Callousindifferent“don’tgoifyoudon’twantto”(372)It’sahellofathing.(375)Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_Sam◎Indifferent“Youbetterstaywayoutofit”(372)“Idon’tevenlistentoit.”(375)◎helplessisrepeatedlycalled"thenigger"(366)Hecan’tchangecertainthingsaboutsociety–evenifthosethingsareillogicalanddownrightawful(likeracism).Hemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_MrsBellOrdinaryPeacefulIncontrastwiththeoutsideworldHemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_styleIfawriterofproseknowsenoughofwhatheiswritingabouthemayomitthingsthatheknowsandthereader,ifthewriteriswritingtrulyenough,willhaveafeelingofthosethingsasstronglyasthoughthewriterhadstatedthem.Thedignityofmovementofanice-bergisduetoonlyone-eighthofitbeingabovewater.Awriterwhoomitsthingsbecausehedoesnotknowthemonlymakeshollowplacesinhiswriting.—ErnestHemingway

IcebergtheorybriefnessrefinenessomissionHemingway__the_killers__美國(guó)文學(xué)_BriefnessStativeadj.靜態(tài)形容詞colloquialismDisylla