新視野大學英語NewHorizonCollegeEnglish讀寫譯教程3UNIT7SectionA–BillGatesObjectivesGetsomeculturalknowledgeaboutValentine'sDay.2.Enlargevocabulary.3.Learntoscanapassage.4.Conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunitTimeallotment1stperiod2ndperiod3rdperiod4thperiodWarming-upactivitiesBackgroundinformationandTextanalysisLanguagestudyExercises,writingandassignmentTeachingPlanWarming-upquestions(teamwork)TextAnalysis(discourseanalysisapproach)Languagestudy(functionalapproach)Autonomouslearningonline(task-basedapproach)TeachingmethodsTeachingstepsPre-readingtasks:1)warming-upquestions-answers2)backgroundinformationWhile-readingtasks:1)textanalysis2)languagestudy3)writingskillPost-readingtasks:1)exercisesafterthesectionA2)comprehensionofsectionB3)testonlineTeachingPlanWarming-upActivitiesBackgroundInformationTextUnderstandingLanguageStudyWritingAssignmentsContentsWarming-upActivities1.Whoarethey?2.Whatcontributestotheirhugesuccess?Warming-upActivities(December11,1918

–August3,2008)wasaRussiannovelist,dramatistandhistorian.ThroughhiswritingshemadetheworldawareoftheGulag,theSovietUnion'sforcedlaborcampsystem

—particularlyTheGulagArchipelago

andOneDayintheLifeofIvanDenisovich,histwobest-knownworks.FortheseeffortsSolzhenitsynwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1970,andexiledfromtheSovietUnionin1974.HereturnedtoRussiain1994.WhoIsHe?

AleksandrSolzhenitsynWarming-upActivitiesShewasanAlbanianRomanCatholicnunwhofoundedtheMissionariesofCharityinKolkata(Calcutta),Indiain1950.Foroverfortyyearssheministered(服侍)tothepoor,sick,orphaned,anddying.ShewontheNobelPeacePrizein1979forherhumanitarianwork.Shepassedawayon5Sept.,1997.

WhoIsShe?

MotherTeresaWarming-upActivitiesAttheageof71,hewona￥

5,000,000StateSupremeScienceandTechnologyAward,knownastheNobelPrizeinChina,forhisoutstandingachievements.Heisthemostfamous“farmer”inChinaandistermedas“father

of

hybrid

rice”.WhoIsHe?

YuanLongpingWarming-upActivitiesSheisaBritishwriterandtheauthorofaworld-famousfantasyseries,theideaforwhichwasconceivedwhileshe’sonatraintripfromManchestertoLondonin1990.Releasedin1997,herfirstnovelHarryPotterandthePhilosopher'sStonegainedimmensepopularityandcommercialsuccess.Shewasranked

byForbesasthe48thmostpowerfulcelebrityof2007.WhoIsShe?

J.K.RowlingWarming-upActivities(2October1869

–30January1948)wasaprominentpoliticalandspiritualleaderofIndiaandtheIndianindependencemovement.Hewasthepioneerofsatyagraha['s?tj?.gr?h?]—resistancetotyranny['tir?ni]暴政throughmasscivildisobedience,firmlyfoundeduponahimsaortotalnon-violence—whichledIndiatoindependenceandinspiredmovementsforcivilrightsandfreedomacrosstheworld.HeisofficiallyhonouredinIndiaastheFatheroftheNation;hisbirthday,2October,iscommemoratedthereasanationalholiday,andworldwideastheInternationalDayofNon-Violence.WhoIsHe?

MahatmaGandhiWarming-upActivities(November8,1923-June20,2005)wasaNobelPrizelaureateinphysicsin2000forhisinventionoftheintegratedcircuitin1958whileworkingatTexasInstruments(TI).Heisalsotheinventorofthehandheldcalculatorandthermal

['θ?:m?l]

printer熱敏打印機

.WhoIsHe?JackKilbyWarming-upActivities2.Whatcontributestotheirhugesuccess?1)Theirkeeninsightsintothefuture.

2)Theirtotalcommitmenttotheirpursuits.

3)Their

greatskillsinmanaging…

4)Their

competitiveabilityin…

5)brilliance/energy/persistance/focus…

TextUnderstanding

PartI(Para.1)Introductiontherichestbusinessmanintheworld,BillGates.PartII(Para.2-6)BillGates’personaltraitsresultinginhissuccess1.blendofhigh-voltagebrilliance,driveandcompetitiveness2.Gatesstyle:timemanagementskills3.knownforsavingmoneyandtimewhenhetravels.4.another

trait:

“multitasking”ability.5.runshiscompanyefficientlythroughthreemethodsand

everydecisionhemakesisbasedonhisknowledgeofthemerits.TextUnderstanding

PartIII(Paras.7-11)BillGates’personaldevelopmentInthesixthgrade,hisparentssenthimtoseeapsychologist,thepsychologistreachedhisconclusion.“You’regoingtolose,”In1975:GatesandPaulAllenwroteaninterpreterfortheprogramminglanguageusedbyMITSAltair.In1976:GatesbeganlicensingMicrosoft’ssoftwareproductsdirectlytocomputermanufacturers.In1980:IBMinvitedMicrosofttowriteprogramminglanguagesforIBMPC.In1981:TheIBMPCandMS-DOSwerebundledtogetherandannouncedtothepublic.TextUnderstandingPartIV(Para.12Conclusion:Gates’futureplanBy1995:Roughly85%oftheworld’spersonalcomputerswereusingaMicrosoftoperatingsystem.In1997:Gateswasworthanestimated$40billion.TextUnderstandingSummaryBillGates,chairmanandCEOofMicrosoft,isthe_______businessmanintheworld.Whenhewasstillacollegestudentat________University,heandhisfriend,PaulAllenwrotean_________fortheprogramminglanguageusedbyMITSAltair,whichlaidthefirstbrickinthe_________ofMicrosoft.Intheearly1980s,Microsoftproducedthe________systems(MS-DOS),whichdominatedthe_______platformuntilthe1990s.By1995,about85%oftheworld’s________computerswereusingaMicrosoftoperatingsystem.In1997,Gateswasworthanestimated$40______.

richestHarvardinterpreterfoundationoperatingsoftwarepersonalbillionTextUnderstandingSummaryGates’extraordinarysuccessstemsfromhisunusual________—ablendofbrilliance,driveand_____________.It’scommonforhimtowork16hoursaday.Andheisgoodattime___________,alwaysgettingthe_________amountofworkpossibleoutofeveryminuteandbeingabletodo_________.Gateshopestobe_______Microsoftforanother10yearsandthenhepromisesto_____onhisfamilyand______hismoney_____.Butonecanonlywonderwhathewilldointhenearfuture.personalitycompetitivenessmanagementmaximummultitasksrunningfocusgiveawayLanguageStudyturnout

v.

①provetobe,happentobeAsitturnedout,therewasnoneedtoworry.

后來證明原本沒有必要擔心。②

comeoutsidetodosomethingThewholevillageturnedouttowelcometheforeignfriends.全村的人都出來歡迎外國朋友們。③

becomeIt'sturnedoutcoldtoday.今天變冷了。

Thefactorycanturnout100carsaday④produceLanguageStudyunderstatev.(L6)反義詞saythatsomethingislessimportant,serious,etc.thanitreallyisThereportunderstates

theseriousnessofthesituation.overstate這個報告沒有充分體現形勢的嚴峻性。LanguageStudystemfrom(L8)becausedbysomethingordevelopasaresultofsomething事故起因是粗心大意。Theaccidentstemsfrom

carelessness.Success

stemsfrom1%inspirationand99%perspiration.成功源自1%的靈感和99%的汗水。LanguageStudyattimes:sometimes(L8)atatime:oneachoccasionatonetime:atatimeinthepastatthistime:nowatthetime:ataparticularmomentorperiodinthepast1.Manywriters___________holdpositiveattitudetowardit.2.__________400peoplelivedinthevillage.3.Theliftcanhold13people_________.4.Iagreed__________butlaterchangedmymind.5.Hewentonlisteningtoher,__________impatientand_________fascinated.atthistimeAtonetimeatatimeatthetimeattimesattimesLanguageStudyconservationn.(L17)①[U]thecarefuluseofenergy,time,orotherresourcesThegovernmenthopesthatthepublicwillrealizetheimportanceofunderwaterconservation.conservation

offuel節約燃料政府希望公眾意識到節約地下水非常重要。②[U]theprotectionofsomething他們關心的主要是野生動物保護。Theirmainconcerniswildlifeconservation.LanguageStudyinhighgear(L21)doingsomethingwithgreateffortorenergyEverytimeyouseeheratwork,sheisinhighgear.每次在工作場合見到她，她都在努力工作。我國正全力進行著地震災區的重建工作。Chinaisworkinginhighgeartorebuildthequake-hitarea.LanguageStudyonthesubjectof:intalkingabout;about(L26)He'snotverytalkativeexceptonthesubjectofhisplans.他只有談論他的計劃時才滔滔不絕。既然我們談到了錢，你記得欠我10美元嗎?Nowthatwe‘reonthesubjectofmoney,doyourememberyouoweme$10？Onthesubjectofsalaryincrease,weneedtomakeourdecisionbasedonyourrealperformance.關于加薪問題，我們要依據你的實際表現來決定。LanguageStudyintheinterestof:inordertoachieveorprotectsomething(L27-28)Imustspeakthetruthintheinterestofjustice.為了維護正義，我必須說實話。為安全起見，請系上安全帶。Intheinterestofsafety,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.為了我們的后代，請務必節約不可再生資源。Intheinterestofourfuturegenerations,pleaseseetoitthatyouwouldsaveonnon-renewableresources.LanguageStudy他惟恐與女朋友約會遲到，便匆匆寫好老板交代的報告，連第二遍都來不及看。bat

out:dosth.quickly(L37)

Forfearofbeinglateforthedatewithhisgirlfriend,hebattedoutthereportassignedbythebosswithouteventakingasecondglance.LanguageStudy有很多人幫助了我，多得我說不出他們的名字紅十字會給無家可歸的人發放醫藥和帳篷。Therearemanypeoplewho’vehelpedme–toomanytomentionbyname.(L41)TheRedCrosshandedoutmedicineandtentstothehomelesspeople.(L42)對著灑掉的牛奶哭泣是沒有用的（覆水難收）。Itisnousecrying

overspiltmilk.(L51)LanguageStudyHisinjuryforcedhimtodropoutofthecompetition.(L52)Inthenextsevenyears,heclawedhiswayuptheladderuntilheemergedasadeanin2000.(L54)他受了傷，不得不退出比賽。在接下來的七年中，他努力往上爬，到2000年的時候他當了院長。他準備不惜一切代價爬到職業生涯的頂峰。Heisreadytoclawhisway,atanyprice,tothetopofthecareerladder.LanguageStudyexportv.(L70)sellgoodstoanothercountryFrenchcheesesareexportedtomanydifferentcountries.Theislandsexportsugarandfruit.反義詞importexportn.

①[U]

thebusinessofsellinggoodstoanothercountry②[C]aproductthatissoldtoanothercountry

①

Theexportofivoryisnowstrictlycontrolled.

②

CoffeeisoneofBrazil’smainexports.ChinesetoEnglishCheckYourself1.結果證明是對的2.屬于同一行列3.淡化他對世界的影響4.充電5.樹立榜樣6.扮演······角色7.用白天點滴空閑······8.作指名道姓的談話9.給予太多的表揚10.把不清楚地方弄清toturnouttohavebeenrighttobelonginthesameclasstounderstatehisimpactontheworldtobechargedwithelectricitytosettheexampletoplaytheroleoftoleavethecracksinthedayfortoaddressanyonebynametohandouttoomuchpraisetomakeclearavaguestatementChinesetoEnglishCheckYourself11.依賴個人權術12.得出結論13.做······不管用。14.去攻克······的世界15.是競爭對手的死敵16.和······捆綁在一起17.穩定發展18.新思想的“家園”19.承諾做某事20.將主要精力致力于torelyonpersonalpoliticstoreachone’sconclusionThere’snousedoingsth..toconquertheworldoftobedeadlyforcompetitorstobebundledtogetherwithtomovesteadilyupwardtobea“home”fornewideastopromisetodosth.tofocusintenselyonCheckYourself1.Thecompanywent____owingmillionsofpounds.A.eruptedB.interruptedC.bankruptD.interfered2.That___thedelayofthetrain.A.countsonB.encountersC.accountsforD.explainsfor3.Themanspentthreemonthsinjailbeforebeing____.A.believedB.relievedC.conceivedD.releasedCheckYourself4.Thisbookwillcontinueto___excitementforalongtime.A.generateB.launchC.crushD.decline5.Itisnotconsidered____tolitterinpublic.A.respectiveB.respectfulC.respectableD.respected6.Metalmustbehammeredandcooledrapidlyto______internalstresscausedbyheating.A.retainB.replaceC.releaseD.relievedCheckYourself7.Mother____pillowswithcotton.A.fullB.staffed

C.sufferedD.stuffed8.Thelocalclub____foreignersfromjoiningit.A.excludedB.refusedC.includedD.departed9.Assoonastheconferencewasover,alltheparticipantswenttheir____ways.A.perspectiveB.relative

C.sensitiveD.respectiveWritingGeneralStatementParticularDetailsWritingDirections:

Writeacompositionofnolessthan120wordswithageneralstatementsupportedbydetailsononeofthefollowingtopics.Onetopichasbeengivenadetailedoutlinethatyoucanfollow.Generalstatement:

Computersworkwonders.

Details:●takingovermanyboringanddangerousjobs●savingpeopleformorecreativework●trackingdowncriminals●findingoutwhatishappeningattheotherendoftheworld●workingtirelessly24hoursaday●makingourlifemucheasierWritingThespeedandefficiencyoftoday’scomputersareworkingwondersforourage.

(Generalstatement)

Computer-controlledmachineryistakingovermanyboringanddangerousjobs.(Detail1)Computersareworkingmorereliablyandefficientlyandsavingalotoftimeformorecreativework!

(Detail2)Bysharinginformationwithpeopleallovertheworld,peoplearetrackingdowncriminalswithoutlosingasecond.

(Detail3)Inaddition,computersinstantlysendmessagesthousandsofmilesawaysothatwecanhearorseewhatishappeningattheotherendoftheworld.

(Detail4)Computersnevergettiredandtheycanwork24hoursaday.(Detail5)Computersaremakingourlivesmucheasierthanbefore.AllwehavetodoisjusttoCLICKandthecomputersdoeverythingforus.(Detail6)

Vocabulary:EX:III,P.179AssignmentsTheyneedmorefundsto___________thecountry'stelephonesystem.Threeinterpreterslookedthepassageoverforaboutthreeorfourminutesandfoundthattheycouldnot_________halfofit.Heispromotedtomanagerbecausehehasdoneaverygoodjobin___________videophonestothelocalcustomers.Participantsareexpectedtobeseatedby8:30a.m.sothatthemeetingcanbegin____________.InChina,asinmanypartsoftheworld,energy_____________isanissuewhichgetsalotofattentionthesedays.modernizeinterpretdistributingpunctuallyconservationVocabulary:EX:III,P.179Assignments6.AlthoughtheymighthaveIQsof10or50atthe___________,theyshouldnotbetreatedunfairly.7.Theproductsnotonlymeettheneedofthedomesticmarket,butalsoare__________tomanypartsoftheworld.8.Becauseofthehighinterestrateneededto_________inflation,Brazil'seconomyhasnotbeengrowingasfastasitcould.9.Jobevaluationand_____________isthebasisfordeterminingthesalaryforaposition.10.InChinanowmoreandmorepeoplearevisitingthecountrysideforholidays,dayexcursionsand__________onweekends.maximumexportedconquerclassificationrecreationAssignmentsVocabulary:EX:IX,P.184Back1.________