UnitlTruly,thetonguespokenbackinthe1300sonlybythe"lowpeople"ofEnglandhascomealongway.Paraphrase:Indeed,thelanguagespokenasearlyas1300sbythenativepeopleinEnglandhasdevelopedforalongtimeButhoweveraccommodatingEnglishmightbetherealreasonforthelatterdaytriumphofEnglishisthetriumphoftheEnglish-speakingUnitedStatesasaworldpower.Paraphrase:Adaptable,asEnglishmightbe,theEnglishowesitssuccesstothevictoryoftheEnglish-speakingUnitedStatesasaworldpower.Asthe20thcenturydrewon,however,andEnglishcontinuedtoencroach,Frenchwasdrivenontothedefensive.Paraphrase:Asthe20thcenturywasapproaching,andEnglishkeptonexpandingbeyondlimits,Frenchwasputinacorneredposition,havingtofightforprotection.InIndiasomepeopleseeEnglishasanoppressivelegacyofcolonialismthatshouldbeexterminated.Paraphrase:IndiawasonceregardedastheJewelintheCrownoftheBritishEmpire.PeopleinIndiawouldthinktheEnglishlanguageremindsthemoftheperiodofcolonialism,whichshouldbewipedout.ButformanypeoplesthetriumphofEnglishisthedefeat,ifnotoutrightdestruction,oftheirownlanguage.Paraphrase:Butformanypeoples,thesuccessorthewidespreadofEnglishmeansthedefeat,perhapsevenacompleteextinction,oftheirownlanguage.ThusthetriumphofEnglishnotonlydestroysthetonguesofothers;italsoisolatesnativeEnglish-speakersfromtheliterature,historyandideasofotherpeoples.Paraphrase:Therefore,thesuccessofEnglishnotonlydefeatsotherlanguages,butseparatesnativeEnglishspeakersfromtheliterature,historyandideasofotherethnicgroups.Unit2SometimesitseemsasifatidalwaveoftheworstWesterncultureiscreepingacrosstheglobelikeagiantstrawberrymilkshakeoozingovertheplanet,withaflavorthatisdistinctlysweet,sicklyandmanifestlyhomogenousParaphrase:SometimestheWesterncultureseemstopermeatethewholeworldlikespiltmilkshake,withastrongsmell,sweetbutobviouslydevoidofdiversity.Productionandconsumptionofculturalgoodsandserviceshavebecomecommodities,alongwiththeessentialsofsociallife(marriageandfamilylife,religion,workandleisure),thatarethecruciblesofculturalcreation.Paraphrase:Culturalcreationisfacinggreatchallengeposedbythecommercializationofculture.3.Obviously,itwouldbeanexcessiveformofculturalfundamentalismtosuggestthatAfricansshouldtrytokeepeverythingexactlyasitis,ratherthanallowingculturetodevelop.Paraphrase:Obviously,itwouldbetooculturallyradicaltosuggestthatAfricansshouldconductrigidadherencetotheircurrentlifeandrefusetoallowculturetodevelop.Justifiedinitiallyasacivilizingmissionandsubsequentlydubbedmodernization,inpracticeitwaswholesaleWesternizationwithverylittleroomforanyviablemiddleground.Paraphrase:Inthebeginningitjustifieditselfasacivilizingmissionandlateronithonoreditselfasmodernization.However,infactitwasaprocessofextensiveandcompleteWesternizationwhichleftothercountriesnootherchoice.Sucharadicalunderminingofpeople'sexistingvaluesandcultureshasacorrosiveimpactontheirsenseofwhotheyare,whattheywantandwhattheyrespect.Paraphrase:Theseveredamageofpeople'sexistingvaluesandcultureshasadestructiveeffect.Itmakesthosepeopleconfusedaboutwhotheyare,whattheywantandwhattheyrespect.Onemajorreasonisthestructuralchangeintheworldeconomy:globalizationandthefloodofgoodsdumpedinpoorcountriesthataremarketedbymassseductiveadvertisingwhichisblatantlysuperficialbutnonethelesssuccessfulincreatingfreshdesiresinpeoplesoftraditionalsocieties.Paraphrase:Onemajorreasonofthisfastandlarge-scalewesternizationisthechangeofoverallstructureintheworldeconomy.Becauseofglobalization,westerncountriesusemarketingstrategiessuchasadvertisingtocreatefreshdesiresinconsumersfromlessdevelopedcountriesandgetridofproductsbysellingthematalowprice.However,thereisgenuinecauseforconcernabouttherateatwhichcultures(Africanandnon-African)arebeingunderminedinaworldthatisboundtogetherbyever-strongereconomicties.Paraphrase:However,peopleindeedhaveareasontoworrythatAfricanandnon-Africanculturesaregraduallyencroachedbywesterncultureduetotheever-growingstronginterdependenceoftradeandbusinessamongcountries.Moreimportantly,colonialismpavedthewayfortoday'sculturalglobalizationbyleavingthecolonizedinastateofculturaldisorientationandconsequentlyvulnerabletocontinuingculturalinvasion.Paraphrase:Moreimportantly,colonialismprovidedthenecessaryconditionfortoday'sculturalglobalizationsinceitleftthecolonizedcountriesunabletorecognizeitsownculturalheritage.Asaresult,thesecountriesareeasilysusceptibletolong-lastingculturalinvasion.Unit3Thetaskofauniversityistoweldtogetherimaginationandexperience.Paraphrase:Auniversityshouldaimatjoiningorintegratingimaginationandexperienceoftheteachersandstudentsintoasingle,meaningfulwhole.Weneednotflinchfromtheassertionthatthemainfunctionofsuchaschoolistoproducemenwithagreaterzestforbusiness.Paraphrase:Thereisnoshameinclaiming/declaringthatthefunctionofsuchaschoolistoproducebusinesspeoplewithgreatenthusiasm.Itrequiresanimaginativegraspoftheinterlockinginterestsofgreatorganizations,andofthereactionsofthewholecomplextoanychangeinoneofitselements.Paraphrase:Todayinordertorunabusinesssuccessfully,onehastodevelopagoodunderstandingoftheadaptationsmadebythelargecorporationasawholetomeetthenewconditionsinoneofitsbranches.Itrequiresthatdisciplineofcharacterwhichcansay"yes"and"no"toothermen,notbyreasonofblindobstinacy,butwithfirmnessderivedfromaconsciousevaluationofrelevantalternatives.Paraphrase:Thereisaneedforcharactertrainingsothatwhentheymakedecisions,theyhavedeterminationandstrongbeliefwhichcomefromasoberconsiderationofrelatedchoicesandpossibilities,andtheyarenotgivingconsentornegationsimplyoutofunreasonablestubbornness.TheconductofbusinessnowrequiresintellectualimaginationofthesametypeasthatwhichinformertimeshasmainlypassedintothoseotheroccupationsParaphrase:Themanagementofamodernbusinessdemandsitsemployeestoacquirethecapacitytoapplytheirknowledgeimaginatively,whichusedtobetheabilitycultivatedinotherprofessions.Thereisonegreatdifficultywhichhampersallthehighertypesofhumanendeavor.Paraphrase:Onegreatdifficultycanrestricthumanbeingsfrommakingprogress,orachievements.Therecanbenocriticismofthecustom,buttheremaybeanunfortunateeffect—prolongedroutineworkdullstheimagination.Paraphrase:Thecontinuingusualornormalwayofworkinginacorporationtendstoblunt,orsuffocatetheimaginativepower/maketheimaginationlesssharpandclear.Unit4Themodernvariationreads:"Manisbornfreeandiseverywhereinchainstores,"andperfectlysumsupthenegativelightinwhichsupermarketsareseenbythecommunity,environmentaland"smallisbeautiful"campsParaphrase:Themodifiedsentenceinmoderntimesdescribesperfectlythenegativeattitudetowardssupermarketsheldbythepublic,environmentalistsandthosewhoadvocate"smallisbeautiful".AndwhilesupermarketshavebeenaccusedbytheCompetitionCommissionofloss-leadingandsqueezingsuppliers,suchbehaviourisbullishratherthanillegalParaphrase:TheCompetitionCommissionaccusedsupermarketsofadoptinglowpricingtogaincompetitiveedgeandminimizingprofitsofsuppliers,butthesestrategiesareboostingtheirownprofitandarenotillegalcompetitionmeans.Thekeytodeliveringbothlowpricesandhighqualityaswellasthrivingandsustainablecommunitiesistoensurethatretailactivityispresentinallcommunitiesofanysizethatwantit,andforittobepresentinsufficientnumbersfortheretobeadegreeofcompetition.Paraphrase:Inordertomakesuregoodsareofhighqualityandaresoldatlowprices,andinordertomaintainawell-developedandsustainablecommunity,theimportantelementistoprovideretailservicestoallthecommunitiesinneed,whetherlargeorsmall.Torealizethis,asufficientnumberofretailshopsshouldbeopensothatthereissomecompetition.Inpoorareas,environmentalimprovementsandsecuritymeasurescanhelpleveltheplayingfieldwithwealthierareas,whileavoidingdirectsubsidytofirms.Paraphrase:Inpoorareas,therearemeasurestoimprovetheirenvironmentandsecuritysothattheyaremoreorlessthesameasthewealthierareastoattractcustomers.However,theshopsdonotreceiveanyfundtoaidtheircompetitionwiththoseinwealthierneighbourhoods.Inthepoorestareas,itmaynotbethatpeopledon'tvaluehavingalocalshop,butratherthattheysimplycannotaffordtoignorethelowerpricesavailablethroughashortbusridetoasupermarket.Paraphrase:Inthepoorestareas,peopleprefersupermarkettolocalshopnotbecausetheydon'tvaluehavingalocalshop,butbecausetheirfinancialsituationmakesthemchoosethelowerpricesavailablethroughashortbusridetoasupermarket.TescoispromisingbespokeshopfrontsfornewExpressconveniencestoresandtostepupitseffortstoconsultcommunitiesaboutnewoutlets.Paraphrase:TescoispromisingbespokeshopfrontsfornewExpressconveniencestoresandtotakemoreeffortstoconsultcommunitiesaboutnewoutlets.Unit5TheRenaissance"...wentfromColumbustoCopernicus,fromCopernicustoGalileo,fromthediscoveryoftheearthtothatoftheheavens.Manre-foundhimself",accordingtoMichelet.Paraphrase:AccordingtoMichelet,theRenaissancewentfromtheEuropeanexplorationintotheunknownworld—theAmericanContinent,Africa,andAsia—tothescientificfindingthattheearthwasnotthecenteroftheworld.ForBurckhardt,theRenaissancewasaspecificallyItalianphenomenon,nurturedinthecity-statesofthe15thcentury,wheretheartistictalentsofthelikesofLeonardo,Botticelli,MantegnaandBrunelleschiflourished.Paraphrase:ForBurckhardt,theRenaissancewasahistoricaleventoccurredinItalyinparticular,duringwhichmanytalentedpeoplesuchasLeonardo,Botticelli,MantegnaandBrunelleschibecamesuccessful.Untilveryrecently,thisinventionoftheEuropeanRenaissancehasremainedapowerfulandseductivemyth,whichhasignoredmuchofwhatwastrulyrevolutionaryaboutthisextraordinaryperiodinEuropeanhistory.Paraphrase:Tillnow,theideathattheEuropeanRenaissancewasmostlya"rebirth"oftheclassicalGreekandRomanvaluesofliterarypurityandaestheticbeauty,remainedsoinfluentialandattractivethatpeoplehavelongtakenitforgranted,ignoringthatitwasactuallytradeandfinancethatbroughtthegreatrevolutioninthisextraordinaryperiodinEuropeanhistory.Whatunderpinnedallthegreatartistic,literaryandarchitecturalachievementsthatwenowseeasquintessentially"Renaissance"wasanequallymomentousrevolutionintradeandfinance.Paraphrase:ThecommercialandfinancialdevelopmentsduringtheRenaissancelaidthefoundationfortheculturalaccomplishmentsinthisperiodandtheyhavebroughtaboutasequallysignificantchangestotheEuropeansocietyastheartsdid.Onlynow,inourmorecomplexandinterdependentglobalworld,hasitbecomepossibletopiecetogetheramuchmorecomplexanddynamicpictureofwhatreallydrovetheculturalaccomplishmentsofthisremarkableperiod.Paraphrase:Asthecontemporaryworldbecomesmoreglobalizedandcomplex,itisnowpossibletoformacomprehensiveandvividviewofthedrivingforceoftheculturaldevelopmentsduringtheRenaissance.Neitherofthesewritersexploredhowtrade,finance,scienceandexchangewithotherculturesdecisivelyshapedwhattheysawastheculturalfloweringoftheEuropeanRenaissance.Paraphrase:Bothofthesewritersneglectedthefactthattrade,finance,scienceandexchangewithothercultureshadsignificantlyinfluencedtheculturaldevelopmentoftheEuropeanRenaissance.7.TheresultofthisincreasinglyinternationaltraderevolutionisedtasteinEurope.Paraphrase:TheresultofthisincreasinglyinternationaltradecausedfundamentalchangesintheculturalstyleinEurope.Whatwe'releftwithisavisionoftheRenaissanceasamuchdirtier,moreworldlyplacethanMicheletandBurckhardtbelieved,butthisonlyaddstoitssingularimportanceinthehistoryofwesternculturallife.Paraphrase:QuitedifferentfromwhatMicheletandBurckhardtbelieved,wearenowpresentedwithamorematerialistic,lessidealizedvisionoftheRenaissance,butthisrealizationmakesitallthemoreimportantinthewesternculturalhistory.Unit8TicketscalpinghasbeenverygoodtoKevinThomas,andhemakesnoapologies.Paraphrase:Heconsidersscalpingadecentwaytomakealiving,sothereisnoneedtofeelguiltyaboutsellingathigherprices.Undercoverofficersareenforcingnewrestrictionsonresellingticketsatmarked-upprices,andtheattorneysgeneralofthetwostatesarepressingwell-publicizedcasesagainstmorethanadozenticketbrokers.Paraphrase:Policeinplainclothesarenowimplementingthenewrulestorestrictsellingticketsathigherpricesthanthefacevalue.Thecourtofthetwostates,NewYork(whereNewYorkCityislocated)andNewJersey,areundergoinglegalproceedingsagainstmorethan12ticketbrokers.Thecasesaremuchreportedbythemedia.It'salwaysgoodpoliticstoposeasthedefenderofthepoorbydeclaringhighpricesillegal.Paraphrase:Itisalwaysawisepoliticalstrategytodeclaresellingathigherpricesillegalwiththeexcuseofdefendingthepoorpeople.Buttheownershaveprofitedbyfindinganewclienteleforticketsthatwouldhavegoneunsold,anillustrationofthefree-markettenetthatbothbuyersandsellersultimatelybenefitwhenpriceisadjustedtomeetdemand.Paraphrase:Thebox-officeownersbenefitedfromthesuggestionbyDr.Baumolbecausethoseticketswon'tgetstuckintheirhands.Thisisagoodexampletoshowthebuyersandsellersareabletoadjusttheirpreferencessothateachwillsatisfytheirownneeds.Therestrictions,whichwerestrengthenedlastyear,havesentmostscalperstotworefuges:theblackmarketandthesuburbsbeyondthestateline.Paraphrase:Theregulationimplementedlastyearcausedmostscalperstoseektwowaystosecuretheirprofit:oneistosellticketsintheblackmarket;theotheristosellthemoutsidethestateborderwherescalpingisnotprohibited.Andasmuchasscalperswouldliketoinflateprices,onlyalimitednumberofpeoplearewillingtopay$100aticket.Paraphrase:Eventhoughthescalperswouldliketoraisetheprices,notmanypeoplearereadytopayasmuchas$100foraticket.Unit6Wealsoknowthatotherwisebeneficialtechnologiescanopenuptroublingethicalquestions.Paraphrase:Certainusesoftechnologiesmaygiverisetoethicalquestionsthatcausespeoplealotofworries,eventhoughthetechnologiescanbenefithumanitiesinmanyotheraspects.Ifthedebasementoftheartsandsciencestopurposesofwickedness,luxury,andthelike,bemadeagroundofobjection,_letnoonebemovedthereby,forthesamemaybesaidofallearthlygoods;ofwit,courage,strength,beauty,wealth,lightitselfandtherest.Paraphrase:Ifitisconsideredanargumentagainsttheirfurtherdevelopmentthattheartsandsciencesmaybeusedforpurposesofwickedness,luxuryaswellassomeothersimilarlybadintentions,thenprogressshouldnotbepursuedinanyothergoodandvaluablethingsontheeartheither,includingwit,courage,strength,beauty,wealth,andevenlightitself,becauseanyofthemcanbereducedtoevilpurposes,justastheartsandsciencesdo.Scienceisinherentlyprogressive,andsogivesusthesensethatallothermeansofunderstandingmuststrivetocatchup.Paraphrase:Science,bynature,movesforwardcontinuously,thatis,italwaysknowsmoretodaythanyesterday.Thisfactmakespeoplebelievethatothermeansofunderstanding,suchasphilosophyandethics,etc.shouldmakeeveryefforttoprogressinthesamewayandatthesamepacesoastomeettheeverdevelopingneedofscience.Theethicalframeworkweneedtodealwiththechallenges(andtomakethemostofthepromise)ofscienceandtechnologyneednotbedevelopedinlightofthelatestscientificjournalarticle.Paraphrase:Indevelopingtheparticularsystemofmoralprinciplesessentialfordealingwiththechallengesofscienceandtechnology(andgainingthemaximumpotentialbenefitofthem),weneednottakeintoconsiderationthelatestdevelopmentsinscience,whicharereflectedinarticlespublishedintherecentissuesofscientificjournals.Thoseothersourcesservetogroundourmoraljudgment,whilescienceavoidsorflattensmoralquestions…Paraphrase:Thearrayofnon-scientificwisdom(includingphilosophy,ethicsandreligion)providesabasisonwhichwejudgewhetherabehaviorismorallycorrectornot;science,incontrast,avoidsquestionsrelatedtomoralissuesormakesthemseemlessimportant…6.…wemightdescribethemodernascendancyofthescientificworldviewasmorallyneutralizing,crowdingoutourmeansofmoralreasoningandsourcesofmoralauthority…Paraphrase:Thegrowingpowerofscientificworldviewinmodernsocietymightbeconsideredasreplacingtheinfluenceofnon-scientificwisdomonmoralissues,bydominatingourthoughtstotheexclusionoftraditionalwaysofmoralreasoningandothermodesofthinkingthatshouldbeofsupremeimportanceinmoraljudgments.7.…wealludetothe"BraveNewWorld"asshorthandfortheinhumantechnologicaldystopia…Paraphrase:Weuse"BraveNewWorld"asaquickandsimplewaytoindirectlyrefertoafuturisticworldresultingfrommisapplicationsoftechnologies,inwhichtheconditionsoflifearemiserable.Unitl近年來(lái)，人們用精確的經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)量技術(shù)來(lái)計(jì)算需求彈性。許多國(guó)家已發(fā)表了大量的以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為根據(jù)的論著。Inrecentyears,theelasticityofdemandhasbeencalculatedwithrefinedeconometrictechniques.Therehavebeenempiricalworkspublishedbymanycountries.Theyprovidemultilingualservicesfortouristsallovertheworld,sopeoplesimplytuneintotheappropriatechannelforsiteinformation.他們?yōu)槭澜绺鞯氐挠慰吞峁┒嗾Z(yǔ)服務(wù)，因此人們只要調(diào)到合適的語(yǔ)言頻道就可以聽(tīng)景點(diǎn)介紹了。Dialecticalreasoningisbestappliedinresolvingcontroversialissuesandassessingopposingpositions.Oftentimes,thereareseveralpossiblewaysofresolvingquestionsandunderstandingissues,ratherthanonesinglerightanswer.辯證推理最常用于解決有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題和評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)立立場(chǎng)。我們經(jīng)常有若干個(gè)途徑去解決問(wèn)題、理解問(wèn)題，而不是只有一個(gè)正確答案。ThisimmensetragedymayparadoxicallybeanopportunitytocreateanewandmoredemocraticsocietyinwhichallHaitianstreateachotherasequalcitizens.這個(gè)巨大的悲劇有可能反而成為一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，使海地能夠創(chuàng)立新的、更加民主的社會(huì)，讓所有海地人都相互視為平等的公民。眾人期盼的個(gè)人所得稅新稅法從九月一日起開(kāi)始實(shí)行。每月所得稅起征點(diǎn)從2000元增至3500元，大概在550美元左右。Thehighly-anticipatedrevisedpersonalincometaxlawcomesintoeffectonSeptember1.Themonthlytaxexemptionthresholdforindividualshasbeenraisedfrom2,000yuanto3,500yuan,oraround550USdollars.6.去年的信貸危機(jī)并未遵循最近幾次經(jīng)濟(jì)疲軟時(shí)期的老路一一這幾次的特點(diǎn)都是臨時(shí)性的流動(dòng)性?xún)鼋Y(jié)。Thecreditcrunchofthepastyearhasnotfollowedthepathofrecenteconomicallydebilitatingepisodescharacterizedbyatemporaryfreezingupofliquidity.7.巴菲特說(shuō)美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入了低谷，刺激復(fù)蘇的努力可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致通脹高于上個(gè)世紀(jì)七十年代。BuffettsaidthattheUSeconomy"hasfallenoffacliff'andthateffortstostimulaterecoverymayleadtoinflationhigherthanthe1970Unit8.政府不僅控制國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易，還干預(yù)對(duì)外貿(mào)易。Thegovernmentnotonlycontrolsdomestictrade,butalsointervenesintointernationaltrade..抬高日用必需品價(jià)格實(shí)際上是剝奪了許多人基本的生活水平。Inflatingthepricesofdailynecessitiesisinfacttodeprivemanyofthebasiclivingconditions..人們很擔(dān)心日漸蔓延的動(dòng)蕩形勢(shì)將會(huì)以類(lèi)似于1973年石油禁運(yùn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)休克告終。Thebigworryisthatspreadingunrestwillculminateinanothershockakintotheoilembargoof1973..他的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策對(duì)共和黨保守派支持者來(lái)說(shuō)比較有吸引力。但是在其他方面，他看上去比較溫和。HiseconomicpoliciesshouldappealtotheRepublicanParty'sconservativesupporters,butthatelsewhere,he'sseenasamoderate..從事研究工作的老師似乎可以有更多知識(shí)傳授給學(xué)生。Facultywhoengageinresearchseemtohavemoreknowledgetopassontotheirstudents.Unit2.習(xí)慣和敬畏要比人們所知道的還難克服，除非他們真的努力避免多年的積習(xí)。(circumvent)Habitandawearehardertoovercomethanpeoplerealizeuntiltheyactuallytrytocircumventtheconductofyears..移動(dòng)電話(huà)智能化程度越高，人們就越容易受到大量來(lái)電的困擾，有朋友打來(lái)的，有雇主打來(lái)的，也有來(lái)自廣告商的信息和服務(wù)，這樣人們留給自己的時(shí)間就會(huì)越來(lái)越少。(bebombardedwith)Thesmartermobilephonesget,themorepeoplewillbebombardedwithcallsfromfriends,employersandinformationoroffersfromadvertisers—andthelesstimetheywillhaveforthemselves..他們也定期走訪中國(guó)，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)景并汲取豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。(imbibe)TheyalsovisitChinaregularlyinordertoappreciateitssplendorsandimbibeitsrichheritage..該協(xié)會(huì)也收集和傳播有關(guān)出口融資和下屬地區(qū)支付體系的數(shù)據(jù)資料。(disseminate)Theassociationalsocollectsanddisseminatesdataonexportfinancingandsub-regionalpaymentssystems..法律援助工作初步走上了法制化、規(guī)范化的軌道。(preliminary)Thepracticeoflegalaidhasbeenplacedonapreliminarylegalandregulartrack.Unit3.想象不應(yīng)該和事實(shí)分離，想象是闡釋事實(shí)的一種方式。Imaginationisnottobedivorcedfromthefacts;itisawayofilluminatingthefacts..這些對(duì)于一所大學(xué)的通常功能所做的思考可以同時(shí)用于解釋一個(gè)商學(xué)院的特定作用上。Thesereflectionsuponthegeneralfunctionsofauniversitycanbeatonetranslatedintermsoftheparticularfunctionsofabusinessschool..案例方法逼迫學(xué)生做出決定，解決難題，而這些正是經(jīng)理們每天都要面對(duì)的同類(lèi)問(wèn)題。Thecasemethodforcesstudentstograpplewithexactlythekindsofdecisionsanddilemmasmanagersconfronteveryday.Unit4.新的研究顯示2011年許多國(guó)家蒙受了因環(huán)境災(zāi)害造成的史上最大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。Anewstudyindicates2011istheyearwherecountriessustainedthehighesteconomiclossesresultingfromenvironmentalcatastrophesinhistory..這一群佛教建筑建于乾隆年間，是按照西藏建筑風(fēng)格而建的。BuiltduringEmperorQianlong'sreign,thisgroupofBuddhiststructureswasbuiltinaccordancewiththeTibetanstyleofarchitecture..奧巴馬總統(tǒng)號(hào)召企業(yè)更加努力振興美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)。PresidentO'BamanowcallsonbusinesstostepupeffortstoboostU.S.economy..據(jù)說(shuō)當(dāng)年亨利?福特開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)小型汽車(chē)時(shí)，想要更多的人有購(gòu)買(mǎi)小型車(chē)的需求，所以他就給他的所有員工增加一到兩倍的工資，這對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生了雪球式的效果。LegendgoesthatwhenHenryFordstartedhisproductionofsmallcarshethoughtitwouldbeniceifhewouldbeabletogeneratemoredemandforthelittlecar,sohedoubledoreventripledthesalaryofallhisworkers,whichhadasnowballeffectontheAmericaneconomy..我們又一次沉浸在節(jié)日季節(jié)中，在這特別的日子里，我們總是與親朋好友相聚共度百年流傳的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。Onceagainwefind