重點單詞1.ine/′Ink?m/n．收入2.position/p?′zI?n/n．位置3．figure/′fIɡ?/n．數字；身材，體形；v.計算4.homeless/′h??ml?s/n．無家可歸的5．transport/′tr?nsp??t/n．交通工具；v.運輸6.exchange/Iks′t?eInd?/n．交換7．entertainment/?ent?′teInm?nt/n．娛樂；款待8.poverty/′p?v?ti/n．貧窮→pooradj.貧窮的9．development/dI′vel?pm?nt/n．發展→developv．發展；沖洗膠卷→developingadj.發展中的→developedadj.發達的10．measure/′me??/vt.測定；測量；評估；n.步驟；措施；辦法；適量；適度11．expectancy/Ik′spekt?nsi/n．(根據概率得出的)預期數額→expectvt.期待，預期，盼望12．educate/′edj??keIt/vt.教育；培養；訓練→educationn．教育13．similarity/?sIm?′l?r?ti/n．類似；相似→similaradj.相似的14．unfortunate/?n′f??t??n?t/adj.不幸的；遺憾的→fortunateadj.(反義詞)幸運的15．polluted/p?′lu?tId/adj.被污染的→pollutevt.污染→pollutionn．污染16．hunger/′h??ɡ?/n．饑餓→hungryadj.饑餓的17．crowded/′kra?dId/adj.擁擠的→crowdn．人群；v.聚集；擠滿；擠入重點短語1.upto直到2.reduce...to減至3．increase...by以……的幅度增加4.makeefforts努力5．becloseto接近，靠近6.atthetopof在……頂端7．atthebottomof在……底部8.makeprogress取得進步9．takemeasures采取措施經典句型1.FromthisagreementcametheHumanDevelopmentReport.《人類發展報告》就來自這份協議文件。2．Norwayisatthetopofthelist，whiletheUSisatnumber7.挪威高居榜首，而美國則排在第七。3．However，inotherregionsoftheEurope，waterisnowmostlysafetodrink.當然在世界的其他地方，例如東歐，現在的飲用水大多是安全的。4．It’sanagreementbetweentownsorcitiesofsimilarsizeandage，and...這是大小和歷史相似的城鎮或城市之間的一份協議，而且……5．Thisisbecauselivingwithaforeignfamilyforoneortwoweeksmeansthatyouhavetospeaktheirlanguage，andasaresultyouimprovefast.這是因為和外國家庭在一塊兒生活一兩周就意味著你不得不說他們的語言，所以你會進步很快的。語境記憶Withlittleornoine，morethan10%ofthepeopleinthisareanowlivebelowthepovertyline.Theyarestronglyhungryforabetterlife.Buttherealpovertyisignorance，notwantofmoney，soweneedtofirstofalltakemeasurestodevelopeducation.Soonitwillpromotethedevelopmentofthisarea.構詞記憶eq\x(-ian)musician/?mju?′zI??n/n．[C]音樂家；作曲家physician/fI′zI??n/n．[C]醫生；內科醫生politician/?p?l?′tI?n/n．[C]政治家；政客1．Thousandsofpeoplegohungryeveryday.Iftheydon’thaveenoughtoeat，they’lldieofcoldandhunger.(hungry)2．Theregularbusesgoingtothecitysquarearealwayscrowded.Wheneveronesuchbusstops，acrowdofpeoplewillcrowdontoit，thusmakingitevenmorecrowded.(crowd)3．Abitofourgenerositymightbrightenthewholeworldoftheunfortunate(不幸的)．4．Ajazzbandprovidedtheentertainment(娛樂)，whilepeopleateanddrankunderthestars.5．Ourgoal(目標)forthemomentistotryandscorepointsateachrace.6．Inthepastfiveyears，therehasbeenanvast(巨大的)improvementingraduationrates.7．I’mnotsurewhatIwoulddoifIwereinyourposition.8．Canyoutellmewhatyouwouldgivemeinexchangeformyrecorder?1eq\x(developmentn.發展；發育；成長gradualgrowthof；壯大；進展情況，發展階段)withthedevelopmentof隨著……的發展developv.開發；發展；壯大；沖洗膠卷；增強as...develops隨著……的發展developern.開發商；開發者developmentaladj.發育中的，開發中的；發展的，成長的，進化的Developmentinwisdom，emotion，health，andlifeattitudeshouldneverbeignored.在智慧、情感、健康和人生態度方面的發展不應該被忽視。(2011·陜西·書面表達)Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，puteralsoadvancesquickly.隨著技術的發展，計算機也在快速發展。夯實基礎用develop的適當形式填空(1)Chinaisadevelopingcountry，butnowwithitsdevelopment，moreandmorepeoplethinkitmaybeeadevelopedonesoon.(2)Aretherefurtherdevelopmentsintheinvestigation?(3)Theproductisstillatadevelopmentalstage.(4)Heisaskilledsoftwaredeveloper.2eq\x(measurevt.&vi.測量；衡量，判定價值等assess；n.尺度；措施，方法action)

takemeasures/steps/actiontodo...采取措施做……makesth.toone’smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物measure...by...用……來衡量……insomemeasure在某種程度上takeone’smeasure給某人量尺寸Shouldwejustpaylipserviceortakepracticalmeasurestoprotectit?我們是敷衍了事還是采取實際措施保護它呢？Doyoumeasurethedistancebetweenthosetwodevelopmentareas?你們測量了那兩個開發區之間的距離了嗎？夯實基礎(1)Pleasemakeasuittomymeasure(按我的尺寸)．(2)Hissuccesswasinsomemeasure(在某種程度上)duetohisbeingintherightplaceattherighttime.(3)Theclassroommeasures30feetlongand20feetwide(長30英尺寬20英尺)．3eq\x(positionn.姿勢；位置，方位；職位；觀點；地位；v.安置；安裝)inone’sposition處于某人的位置狀況inposition在適當的位置taketheposition認為outofposition不在適當的位置I’mreallyinterestedinthispositionandhopeIcanworkforyou.我真的對這個職位感興趣，希望能為你工作。 (2011·遼寧·書面表達)Leavethebandageinpositionuntilthedoctortellsyoutoremoveit.讓繃帶保持原樣，直到醫生叫你拆掉為止。特別提醒當position后跟定語從句且position在從句中作狀語時，引導詞應用where。夯實基礎(1)Theagencytakesthepositionthattheirproductsarebest-sellers(認為他們的產品是最暢銷的)．(2)Hehasreachedapositionwhereitisdifficultforothers(已經到達了一個對別人來說很難的位置)．4eq\x(figuren.數字；身材；體形；人物；v.計算；認為)

keepone’sfigure保持體形figureout弄懂；計算Lincolnisregardedasoneofthemostinspiringfiguresintheworld.林肯被認為是世界上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。 (2012·浙江·書面表達)Ican’tfigureoutwhyhequithisjob.我琢磨不透他為什么要辭掉工作。夯實基礎(1)寫出下列句子中figure的漢語意思①Shehasagoodfigure. 身材②By2014，thisfigurehadrisento14million. 數字③ChairmanMaoisanimportantpoliticalfigure. 人物(2)Thepresentsituationisveryplex，soIthinkitwilltakemesometimetofigureoutitsreality(弄清楚真實情況)．5eq\x(crowdedadj.擁擠的)becrowdedwith擠滿了……crowdin涌上心頭；涌入腦海acrowdof一群；一伙；一堆crowdsof成群的……；許多followthecrowd隨大流Itisimpolitebehaviortosmokeinacrowdedbus.在擁擠的公共汽車上抽煙是不禮貌的行為。Thehungryrefugeescrowdedaroundthetractors.饑餓的難民聚集到拖拉機周圍。夯實基礎(1)用crowd短語的適當形式填空①MyfatherwarnedmeagainstgoingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowdedwithtourists.②Everythingiscrowdinginonme.(2)Youhavecrowdedtoomanyideasinto(已把太多的觀點融入到)oneparagraph，soyou’dhavesomecut.6exchangen.交換；互換givingandreceiving；交流munication；兌換；v.調換；交換；交流municate；兌換change

exchangeAforB拿A換Bexchangesth.withsb.與某人交換某物inexchangefor變換；交換inexchange作為交換Heexchangedaquicksmilewithher，thenenteredthelift.他和她匆匆相視一笑，然后走進了電梯。Knowledgeexchangeisneveraone-waystreet.交流知識絕不是一條單行道。圖解助記夯實基礎語法填空(1)WherecanIexchangemydollarsforpounds?(2)IexchangedseatswithBill.(3)Hegavemeanappleinexchangeforapieceofcake.eq\x(upto，withouteffort，makesure，takemeasures，makeprogress)1．IthinkIlockedthefrontdoor，butI’dbettermakesure.2．Uptosixpeoplecansleepinthebus.3．Hefinishedthetaskwithouteffort.4．Weareallsurprisedthathehasmadesuchgreatprogressinsuchashorttime.5．Thegovernmentisgoingtotakemeasurestohelpthepoor.

1eq\x(makeefforts/anefforttodosth.努力做某事trytodosth.)makeeveryefforttodosth.盡一切努力做某事inanefforttodosth.為了做某事sparenoeffortstodosth.不遺余力地做某事withouteffort毫不費力地Everyeffortisbeingmadetodealwiththeissuesyouraisedatthelastmeeting.正在盡一切努力處理你在上次會議上提出的問題。Heliftedtheboxwithouteffort.他毫不費力地把箱子搬了起來。夯實基礎(1)Iknowyoudon’tlikeher，butyoucouldmakeaneffort/effortstobepolite(盡量禮貌些)．(2)Thepanyhaslaidoff150workersinanefforttosavemoney(為了節省資金)．(3)Ifyoustudy，wewillsparenoeffort(s)tosupportyou(會不遺余力地支持你)．2eq\x(becloseto接近于；在……附近；與……關系密切)closedown工廠等關閉，歇業closeup關閉，停歇，靠近Englishpeopledonotliketobetooclosetooneanotherunlessthereisareason.英國人不喜歡彼此靠得太近，除非另有原因。Theirfactoryhadtoclosedownforgood.他們的工廠只好永遠關閉。特別提醒close指距離上的近；closely則指細心地，仔細地。ecloseandwatchhimclosely.靠近點，仔細觀察他。夯實基礎(1)用close，closely填空①Weareclosefriendsandwelikewatchingclosegames.②Theboyfollowedhismotherclosely.③Don’tstandsoclosetoher.(2)完成句子①Lookout！Don’tgetclosetothetiger(靠近老虎)．②Thelittlegirlwasclosetotears(就要哭出來了).1．Childrenneedfriendsoftheirownage(與他們同齡的)toplaywith.2．ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter，whileinfact，Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter(而事實上我在談論我女兒)．3．Although/Though/Whilewearefacedwithalotofdifficultiesnow(雖然我們現在面臨許多困難)，we’lloverethem.4．Hearrivedlaterthanusual.Thiswasbecause(這是因為)thebuswasdelayedbythefog.5．Somelongandplexsentencesarehardtounderstand(難以理解)．1Norwayisatthetopofthelist，whiletheUSisatnumber7.挪威高居榜首，而美國則排在第七。eq\x(句型公式：while的用法)while用法較多，既可用作連詞，也可用作名詞。1表示“在……期間；當……時候”，指一段時間，引導時間狀語從句；2表示“只要”，引導條件狀語從句；3表示“雖然；盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句；4表示“而；卻”，是并列連詞，構成并列句；5用作名詞，表示“一會兒；一段時間”，如afterawhile過了一會兒；onceinawhile偶爾，間或。Hetoldtwostories.Theformerwasinterestingwhilethelatterwasboring.他講了兩個故事，前者很有趣，然而后者很枯燥。Whilehehasshortings，Istilllikehim.盡管他有缺點，我還是喜歡他。夯實基礎翻譯句子(1)許多人喜歡從事不同的運動，然而有些人只是喜歡觀看它們。Manypeopleenjoyplayingdifferentsportswhileothersjustenjoywatchingthem.(2)我們只要緊密地團結在一起，就一定能克服這些困難。Wecansurelyoverethesedifficultieswhilewearecloselyunited.2It’sanagreementbetweentownsorcitiesofsimilarsizeandage，whichhavesimilarfeaturessuchastourism，industry，cultureandentertainment.,這是大小和歷史相似的城鎮或城市之間的協議，它們有相似的特點，如：旅游業、工業、文化和娛樂等等。eq\x(句型公式：beof＋抽象名詞)1“beof＋抽象名詞”相當于“be＋形容詞”。2有些抽象名詞沒有相應的形容詞形式：beofthesize/age/shape/type...Thisquestionisofgreatimportance.＝Thisquestionisveryimportant.這個問題很重要。Eachhour，eachminute，andeachsecondisofgreatvaluetous.每小時、每分鐘、每秒鐘對我們來說都很寶貴。夯實基礎(1)Thetwoboysareofthesameage，buttheyareofdifferentheights.這兩個男孩年齡相同但他們的身高不同。(2)Thisdictionaryisofgreat/muchusetolearnersofEnglish.＝ThisdictionaryisveryusefultolearnersofEnglish.這本詞典對英語學習者很有用。選詞填空eq\x(however，but，while)(1)Wehadinvitedhim，buthedidn’tetotheparty.(2)Theplan，however，hasprovenimpracticalatall.(3)Youlikesports，whileI’dratherread.(4)Sailinginroughweathercanbeveryunpleasant.However，wefounditexciting.(5)Hetriedhardbutdidnotsucceed.Ⅰ.教材活用——根據課文內容完成下面的短文In2000,147worldleadersagreedtoworktogethertoreducepovertyby20151.orearlier.FromthisagreementcametheHumanDevelopmentReport.Thereport2.mainly(main)includestwoaspects.OneistheHumanDevelopmentIndex，3.whichmeasurestheachievementsof175countriesin4.threeways：lifeexpectancy，educationandine.The5.otheristheDevelopmentGoals，andthemostimportantonesareto：reducepovertyandhunger；makesurethatallchildrenhaveeducationup6.totheageof11；fightAIDSandotherdiseases；improve7.theenvironmentofpoorpeople；encourage8.developed(develop)countriestogivemorehelptoothercountries.9．Based(base)onsomeexamples，thereportfinallyshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbut10.thatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.Ⅱ.課外拓展——閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式Researcher：Goodafternoon，ma’am.I’m1.doing(do)somemarketresearchandI’mhopingyoumighthaveafewminutestoanswersomequestions.Woman：Okay，sure.Researcher：Great！Thankyouverymuch.Firstofall，doyouowna2.personal(person)puter?Woman：Ofcourse！Doesn’teveryone?Researcher：Howlonghaveyouowned3.it?Woman：I4.bought(buy)thisparticularputerlastyear.ButIgotmyfirstPCin1995.Researcher：Isee.And5.whatdoyouprimarilyuseyourputerfor?Woman：Well，Iuseittosendemailsalot，andum，Ihave6.ateach-yourselfFrenchprogram.AndIshoponlineprettyoften.Researcher：Nowyou’vementionedemailandonline7.shopping(shop)，doyouusetheInternet8.foranyotherpurposes?Woman：Notreally.Ihaven’tgotaroundto9.exploring(explore)ittoomuch.Researcher：Okay，thanks.Sorrytohave10.given(give)yousomuchtrouble.Thanksagain.Ⅰ.閱讀理解ADuringmyfirstsevensemestersasamedicalstudentatGadjahMadaUniversityinIndonesia，Ispentmostofmytimestudyingintheclassroom.Irarelyspokewithrealpatientsinahospitalsetting.ThenlastyearIstartedvisitingtheneurology(神經)wardatDr.SardjitoHospital.Iwasgatheringdataformypaper.AtthehospitalIwouldreviewthemedicalrecordsofnewlyadmittedstrokepatients，theninterviewthemtofindoutiftheyweretakingthepill.Onecold，rainyeveninglastOctober，Iwasintheneurologywarddesperately“hunting”forthefinalthreepatientsIneededtopletemystudy.Therecordsshowedthattherewasa43-year-oldstrokepatient，whomIwillcallMsA，intheward.Holdingapatientquestionnaire，Iwentintoherroom.Iaskedhowshewasdoing.Shesoftlyrepliedthatshewasgettingbetterbuttheleftsideofherbodywasstillweak.AfterIfinishedthequestionnaire，IpreparedtoleavesoIcouldgothroughmoremedicalrecords.BeforeIcouldstandup，MsAstartedmakingconversation，askingwhereIwasfromandwhyIwasworkingsolateintheevening.Iwassurprisedsomeoneinherconditionwouldwanttotalk.MsAstartedtalkingaboutherself.Shetoldmeshehadthreechildreninprimaryschool，whowerestayingwithaneighbor.Herhusbanddiedayearagoandsheisthesolebreadwinnerofherfamily.Ididn’tknowwhattosay.Ijustsatquietlywhileshetalked.Withoutrealizingit，IhadbegunholdingMsA’shand.Theconversationwentonlikethisforabout20minutes.Afewdayslater，whenIreturnedtotheward，IdiscoveredthatMsAhadbeendischargedasherconditionhadimproved.MsAtaughtmeoneofthemostimportantlessonsadoctorcanlearn.Sometimespatientsdonotneedexpensivemedicineorstate-of-the-arttechnology.Theyjustneedsomeonewiththepatienceandwillingnesstolendanearandsparealittleoftheirtime.1．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，theauthor.A．hadalreadyworkedasadoctorB．enjoyedtalkingwiththepatientsC．providedthepatientswiththepillsD．seldomvisitedthepatientsinhospital答案D解析細節理解題。第一段說作者讀醫學院時，前七個學期都在教室里學習，很少在醫院的環境中與真正的病人說話，去年才開始在一家醫院探視神經病房，并翻閱剛入院的中風病人的醫療記錄，探望他們，以確保他們在服藥。根據這些陳述可知選D。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofMsA?A．Shewasveryfamiliarwiththeauthor.B．Herhusbanddiedbecauseofseriousillness.C．Shewastheonlypersontosupportherfamily.D．Shehadtoleaveherchildrenaloneathome.答案C解析細節理解題。從文章的敘述看，作者與這個病人并不熟(A項錯誤)；沒有說她丈夫的死因(B項錯誤)；她有三個孩子在上，她是全家唯一養家糊口的人(thesolebreadwinnerofherfamily，C項正確)；她住院了，孩子在鄰居家(D項錯誤)。3．Theunderlinedphrase“hadbeendischarged”inParagraph4issimilarinmeaningto.A．hadbeenallowedtoleavehospitalB．hadn’tneededtopayforherillnessC．hadbeenrecoveredfromherillnessD．hadbeenhappywithherhealthcondition答案A解析詞義猜測題。從畫線部分的后面一句看，這個病人在與我交流之后沒幾天就出院了。因此選A。4．Thelastparagraphisintendedtotellusthat.A．municationwithpatientsisessentialfordoctorsB．expensivemedicineisnecessaryforpatientstorecoverC．hightechnologyplaysanimportantpartincuringpatientsD．doctorshouldn’tgainmoneybypromotingthemedicine答案A解析推理判斷題。作者從這次的經歷總結出，有時候病人需要的不是昂貴的藥品而是有人愿意耐心地傾聽他們，因此選A，“醫生與病人的交流是很重要的”。BThereoncewasamasterwhowenttoIndia.Inthosetimes，wedidn’thavethemunicationsorairplanesormanykindsoftransportationthatwedonow.SothemasterwenttoIndiaonfoot.HehadneverbeentoIndiabefore；perhapshecamefromPersia.Andwhenhegotthere，hesawalotoffruit.InIndiatheyhadplentyoffruittosell，butmuchofitwasexpensivebecausetheycan’tgrowmuchduetothewatersituation.Thenhesawonebasket，abigbasketofsomeveryred，longfruit.Anditwasthecheapestintheshop，notexpensiveatall. Sohewentupandasked，“Howmuchperkilo？”Theshopkeepersaid，“Tworupees.”TworupeesinIndiaisnothing；it’slikedirt.Soheboughtawholekilogramofthefruitandstartedeatingit.Butafterheatesomeofit：oh，myGod！Hiseyeswatered，hismouthwateredandburned，hiseyeswereburning，hisheadwasburningandhisfacebecamered.Ashecoughedandchokedandgaspedforbreath，hejumpedupanddown，saying，“Ah！Ah！Ah！”Buthestillcontinuedtoeatthefruit！Somepeoplewhowerelookingathimshooktheirheadsandsaid，“You’recrazy，man.Thosearechilies(辣椒)！Youcan’teatsomany；they’renotgoodforyou！Peopleusethemasacondiment，butonlyalittlebittoputintofoodfortaste.Youcan’tjusteatthembythehandfullikethat；they’renotfruit！”Butthestupidmastersaid，“No，Ican’tstop！Ipaidmoneyforthem，andnowI’lleatthem.It’smymoney！”Youthinkthatmasterwasstupid，right？Similarly，wesometimesdoalotofthingslikethat.Weinvestmoney，timeoreffortinarelationship，businessorajob.Andeventhoughit’sbeenalongtime，bitterexperiencetellsusitwon’twork，andweknowthere’snomorehopethatthingswillchangeinthefuture—thiswedefinitelyknowbyintuition—westillcontinuejustbecausewe’veinvestedmoney，time，effortandloveintoit.Ifso，we’rekaput(運轉不正常)inthebrain，justlikethemanwhoatethechiliesandsufferedsomuchbutcouldn’tstopbecausehedidn’twanttowastethemoneyhe’dpaid.Soevenifyou’velostsomething，letitgoandmoveon.That’sbetterthancontinuingtolose.5．Whydidthemasterbuy