經典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網絡整理，如有侵權，請聯系刪除，謝謝！國家開放大學電大本科《環境水利學》期末試題及答案（試卷號：1167）2021-20221167）盜傳必究3301項正確的或最好的作為答案，將選項號填入各題的括號中。不選、錯選或多選者，該題無分）．資源水利的核心是()。A.水利工程設施的建設BC輕視社會效益D(演替、消亡與再生的關鍵。C(。．污染物遷移速度加快．污染物沉淀速度加快．底泥的污染物釋放4素中，____和——是內在因素，是外在因素。()A．自然環境和社會環境、污染物的種類B．社會環境和污染物的特性、自然環境C．自然環境和污染物的特性、社會環境．污染物的種類和社會環境、自然環境．不是水利建設對環境的正效應。()A.提高抵御自然災害的能力影響6．水環境一般可以分為靜態水環境和動態水環境一屬于靜態水環境。(．)．水庫、湖泊．河流C．渠道中的水流．奔騰的大海7____不屬于物理法。()濾法C8堿中和法、絮凝沉淀法、吸附過濾法和____。()A．機械除藻．化學除殺藻法C9作包括兩大部分：一是編制評價工作大綱，二是()。．開展調查．編制C．編制進度．開展環境影響評價10.運行期環境管理的特點有系統性、____()A．連續性．區域性．管理手段多樣性．時序性二、判斷315“√”畫“X”）11．溶解氧是反映天然水中氧的濃度指標，其值越低表明水質越好。(×)12.化學耗氧量是指1L水中還原物質（包括有機COD的測定，一般采用高錳酸鉀法或重鉻酸鉀法。(√)13.從水體稀釋、(×)14.蓄水工程對自然環境、社會環境的影響都是負面的。(×)15.運動，一類是擴散運動。(√三、簡答題（每小題10分，共40分）16.在環境水利中，水和水體有何不同？答：在環境領域中，水和水Hz05貯水體中的水外，它還包括水中的懸浮物、溶質、水生生物和底泥。（5分）17.為什么說底質可以反映污染歷史過程？淀過程中，必然會吸附、挾帶各種污染物，因而可以從沉積物的污染狀況這一側面，判斷、衡量水體的污染程度，并由此追溯水體污染的復一年的累積基本保持相對的穩定性。湖庫沉積也有此特點。18．什么叫冷害？答：大型水庫水深很大，造成自上而下的水溫分層，夏季上層水溫高、下層水溫低，冬季則相反。夏季深孔泄水形成所謂“”。19.水利水電工程環境影響評價的目的與任務。答:水利水電工程環境影響評價的目的是要保證擬建工程貫徹執行“保護環境”的基本國策,認真執行“以防為主,防治結合,綜合利用”的境和社會環境造成的各種影響,提出環境對策,以保證擬建工程影響區城良好的生態環境和社會環境;同時評價結果也為領導部門決策(擬建)提供重要的科學依據。(5分)水利水電工程的環境影響評價的任務就是要查清工程所在流城的環境質量現狀,針對工程特征和污染特征,對工程在自然、社會.生態環境方面可能產生的影響進行分析預測各種影響的范圍、程度,預測可能發展的結果,對不利影響要提出相應的工程防止措施與環境對策;根據評價結果回(5分)15分）20.若某水庫枯水期庫容3X108m3,枯水期50該湖水質標準BODs濃度為3mg/L,BOD5起始濃度為15mg/L,枯水期從湖中排出流量為2X106(m3/d)污染物質自然衰減系數為0.1(1/d)BOD的環境容量。試卷代號：1162中央廣播電視大學2009-2010學年度第一學期“開放本科”期末考試英語Ⅱ(2)試題2021年1月第一部分交際用語（共計10分，每小題2分）1-5小題：閱讀下面的小對話，從CD四個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。1.Canyouhelpmeclearuptheme?--------------------A.TellmewhomadeitB.NotroubleatallC.Yes,that\\"llbeallrightD.Noproblem3.Isitgoingtobewarmnextweek?-------------------A.Yes,itisB.Idon\\"tbelieveitC.No,ithasn\\"tD.Itchangesallthetime5.15小題：閱讀下面的句子，從D四個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。6.Unfortunatelythepoorgirlcan\\"tdoanythingbut-------.allherbelongingsatalowprice.A.tosellB.sellingC.sellD.sold7.Theywereaskedtoavoid_anywaterwhichhadnotbeenboiled.A.drinkingB.todrinkC.havingD.nottobedrunk8.Johnwasbored,_helefthislifeinEngland..A.inadditionB.soC.howeverD.furthermore9.Sheisverycareful.She_veryfewmistakesinherwork.A.doesB.takesC.makesD.gets10.Theworkersarebusy_modelsfortheexhibition.A.tomakeB.withmakingC.beingmakingD.making11.---------youchangeyourmind,Iwon\\"tbeabletohelpyou.A.WhenB.UnleC.WhileD.So12.Wearegoingtohaveouroffice_tomakeroomforanewengineer.A.torearrangeB.rearrangeC.rearrangedD.rearranging13.Sincethisroadiswetandslipperythismorning,it_---------lastnight.A.mustrajnB.wasrainingC.mayberainingD.musthaverained14.DoyouthinkTommyis---------thetruth?A.sayingB.tellingC.speakingD.talking15.Johnfellasleep_hewaslisteningtothemusic.A.whileB.beforeC.afterD.assoonas第三部分完形填空（每題2分，共20分）16carrotscanbemadetotasteofchocolateandapplescanbemade18.Somefoodthatappearsthesamehasbeen19improved,forexample,fishcanbemadetogrowfaster.Shouldwe\\"bepleasedorworried?Willnewtechnologybringbenefits,orisitabouttog020control?Geneticallyengineeredfoodsareproducedbytakinggeneticmaterialfromonespeciesandtransferringit21another.Forexample,an6antifreeze\\"genewhichappearsnaturallyinArcticfishhasbeenintroducedintotomatoesandstrawberries22theydon\\"tfreezeincoldweather;ahumangenehasbeenintroducedintopigstomakethem23morequickly.Someclaimgreatadvantages.Theypointoutthatcropscanbemadestrongerandmorediseaseresistant,_24_pesticidescanbereduced.Theyalsomaintainthatfoodcanbemademorenutritiousorthatthefatcontentcan25tomakeithealthier.16.A.areB.wereC.isD.be17.A.suchthatB.suchasC.sothatD.soas18.A.moreredB.muchredC.redderD.reder19.A.scientificallyB.scienceC.scientificD.scientifical20.A.underB.intoC.outD.outof21.A.forB.toC.outD.into22.A.suchthatB.inordertoC.sothatD.soasto23.A.growB.togrowC.growingD.grown24.A.becauseB.causeC.resultD.so25.A.bereducingB.bereducedC.reducedD.reducing第四部分計30分，每小題2分）26Igueyoucanputupwithamattreonthefloor!26.Thispaageisaletterof.A.aninformalinvitationB.aformalinvitationC.thanksD.complaint27.WhenCharleswrites,"I\\"msorryaboutthelackofwarning",hemeansthatheissorrythat_.A:hedidnotgiveBobawarningwhenBobwasunceindangerB.heisshortofmoney,soheisnotabletohelpBobC.heshouldhavegivenBobawarningwhenheisindifficultyD.heisnotabletowritethislettertoBobearlier28.Charlesandhiswifedecidedtoholdthehouse-warmingparty9mainlybecauseA.theydecidedtohavearestafterbeingbusymovingtothenewhouseB.theystillhadalittlemoneylefttoaffordthepartyC.thenewmotorwaywasopenD.theywantedtomeettheirfriendsverymuch29.FromtheletterweknowthatthenewhousethatCharlesmovedinisB.twohoursawayfromdowntownA.verybigxC.inanewhousingestateD.easytofindinthemap30.Inthesentence"Barbaraandlhopethatyoucanmakeit...",thephrase"makeit"isusedtosaythatBobcanA.managetoattendtheirpartyB.findtheirnewhouseintwohoursC.dothetripfromBedfordtoFlindersD.putupwithamattreonthefloor短文理解2Cashofallkinds,theFrenchfranc,theGermanmark,andtheItalianlira,isboundtodisappearphysically.Thepapernotesandgoldcoinsmaysoonbecomecuriouscollectionsofthepre-electronicage.Digitalmoneycanreplaceeveryuseofcashmoney.Itistruethatelectronicmoneyhasbeenaroundfordecades.EachweekbillionsofinstitutionaldollarsflowthroughtheInterbankPaymentSystemthroughtelephonewiresandsatellitelinks.Butinthe21stcentury,entirelynewformsofdigitalmoneywillbecomethemeansofmostpersonalfinancialtrade.Whatagreatchangethiswillbe!Digitalcreditcards,smartcards,electronicwalletsandelectroniccheckswillchangeourwayoflifeinthe21stcentury.Theyareefficientandeasytouse.Customerswillnottakemoneywiththemwhentheygoshopping.Theywillpaytheir\\"billsfromasmartcellphoneortheywillbuytheircoffeebyusingadigitalcreditcard.Howconvenientitwillbe!Andhoweasilypeoplewilldotheirshoppinginsuchaway!Withsomanychangesthesedays,theInternetwillhelpspeeduptheendofcash.InEurope,somebankshavebeenofferingpeopleelectroniccashsincelatelastyear.Customerscanwithdrawmoneyfromtheiraccountsthroughthebank\\"swebsiteandstoretheirincomesontheirhomePCs.Astheelectroniccashisdownloaded,thecustomers\\"bankaccountsarerecorded.SincecustomerscanuseelectroniccashtobuythingsontheInternet,electroniccashwilltransformtheInternetintoaglobalmarketplaceforeverything.Itisgoingtohaveaverybigimpactonourlives.Thelowcostofcomputerandcommunicationshascreatedaworldwidemediumnotjustforfinance,butalsoformanyotherthingsinourlife.TheAgeofInternethasbroughte-busineestoourlife,whichperhapswillformthebackboneofoureconomy.MomandPopcangoglobal40小題：閱讀下列短文，并根據短文內容判斷其后的句子是否正確(T)、錯誤(F),還是文字中沒有涉及相關信息(NG)。閱讀理解3*****NS:FACTFILEThereareover80speciesofwhales,dolphinsandporpoises,knowncollectivelyas"cetaceans",throughouttheworld.Theycomeinallshapesandsizes.Herearesomefactsandfiguresabouttheseincredibleanimals.1.LargestThebluewhaleistheheaviestandJongestanimalonEarth.Theaverageadultlengthis25mformalesand26.2mforfemales,withbodyweightsof90-120tonnes.2.SmallestHector\\"sdolphinistheworld\\"sshortestcetacean.Theymaybeonlyl.2mlongwhenfullygrown.3.LargestAppetiteAbluewhaleeatsupt04tonnesofkrilldaily.ThisisequivalenttoeatingafullygrownAfricanelephanteveryday.4.DeepestDiveThespermwhaleisbelievedtodivedeeperthananyothercetacean.Theyhavebeenknowntodiveasdeepas2000m.5.LongestLivedOnebowheadwhaleisreportedtohavebeen130yearsoldwhenitdied.6.HeaviestBrainThespermwhalehastheworld\\"sheaviestbrainwhichcanweighupt09.2kg.Thiscompareswiththeaveragel.4kgforthebrainofanadulthuman.7.MostEndangeredThebaijidolphin,orChineseriverdolphin,istherarestdolphinintheworldandisreportedtobeendangered.ItlivesintheYangtzeRiverinChina.ConservationmeasuresarebeingtakenbytheChinesetosaveit..Questions36-40:36.Hector\\"sdolphinisthesmallestfishintheworld.37.BluewhaleseatasmuchasanAfricanelephantdoeseveryday.38.Somewhalescanliveforaslongas130years.39.Whalesareclevererthanhumans.40.Thebrainofaspermwhalecanbeover6timesheavierthanahumanone.第五部分書面表達（20分）Directions:For