板塊一詞形的變換Ny第1講名詞和數詞f前沿最新動態］題型高考典題試做命題角度解讀語法填空(2020?浙江卷)Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.(2020-1月?浙江卷)ForJapan,thenumbers(number)aremorestriking-22in1950,46todayand53in2050.(2018?全國卷I)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses(cause).(2017?全國卷國)Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationsfinvitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies..給出名詞的單數形式，考查其復數形式；.給出數詞的基數詞，考查其序數詞。核心語法精講考點一名詞的數［題組試做］單句語法填空Thepaperwasusedforscalingupholesinwallsandroofs(roof)inthecoldandfreezingwinter.Thepianos(piano)intheothershopwillbecheaper,buttheyarenotasgood.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolves(wolf)wouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.

Ispenttenminuteswalkingupandclownthehighstreet,desperatelyavoidingeyecontactwithpassers-by(passer-by).Ananthastwostomachs(stomach).Oneholdsthefoodforitselfandtheotherisforfoodtobegiventootherants.［要點解讀］一、名詞單數變復數的規則變化

變化規則例詞一般情況加?smap->maps；girl-*girls；house-chouses；mouth-*mouths以-th結尾的詞，加-smonth-*months；truth-*truths以?s,-x,-sh,-ch結尾的，加-esclass-*classes；box-boxes；brushbrushes；match-*matches但是stomach(胃)的復數是stomachs；ox(公牛)的復數是oxen“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i加-escily-cities；country-*countries；party-*parties；factory-*factories注意：以元音字母+y結尾的則直接力U-s,如boy-*boys；toy->toys以“輔音字母+。”結尾的詞一般加-estomatotomatoes；potato-*potatoes；hero-*heroes；Negro-*Negroes；mango-*mangoes注意：1.少數名詞加-s或-es均可，如volcano-*volcano(e)s；mosquito-*mosquito(e)s2.少數名詞只加s,如pianofpianos；photo-*photos以“元音字母+o”結尾的詞，加-sradio-*radios；zoo-*zoos；bamboo-*bamboos以-f,?fe結尾的詞，通常變f或fe為v,再加-eshalf-*halves；leaf-*leaves：shelf-*shelves；thief-*thieves：wolf-*wolves；wife—wives；life—lives；knife-*knives但是也有的直接加-s,如roof-*roofs；chief-*chiefs還有兩種復數形式的，inhandkerchief-*handkerchiefs/handkerchieves合成名詞變復數時，通常只將里面所含的主體名詞變成復數，如果沒有主體名詞，則將最后一部分變成復數son-in-law-*sons-in-lawpasser-by-*passers-bystory-teller-*story-tellersgo-between-*go-betweensgrown-up-*grown-ups二、名詞單數變復數的不規則變化變化情況例詞特殊變化child-*children；foot->feet；tooth-*teeth；mouse-*mice；man-*men：woman-*women注意：由man或woman構成的合成詞，其復數形式也是-men和-women,如anEnglishman-*twoEnglishmen；但German不是合成詞，故復數形式為Germans有些名詞的單復數有不同的拼寫方法細菌bacterium（單數）一bacteria（復數）;資料、數據datum（單數）fdata（復數）；現象phenomenon（單數）fphenomena（復數）考點二名詞的所有格［題組試做］單句語法填空Inaddition,thehostessYhostess)cookingwillguaranteeyouawonderfulchanceoftastingdeliciousChinesefood.Thearticleconcludesthatparents'(parents)educationaffectstheirchildren'sfuture.uToday's(today)storyisaboutthesuccessofapoorchild,"theteachersaid.We'dbetterstayinahotelthatisjustastone's(stone)throwfromtherailwaystationforthesakeofconvenience.Studiesshowthatachild's(child)characterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhis/herhomeenvironment.［要點解讀］名詞的所有格.有生命的名詞，其所有格一般在名詞后加，s。hisfather'sboss他爸爸的老板.表示時間、城市、地域、團體、機構等無生命的事物后也可加入,表示其所有格。today'spaper今天的報紙England'sshore英國的海岸thecar'sdesign這輛車的設計.在某些習慣用語中，也需要加大所有格。astone'sthrow近在咫尺keepsb.atarm'slength與某人保持距離；不親近某人beatone'swits'end黔驢技窮.如果一樣東西為兩個人共有，則只在后一個名詞后加-'s,如果不是共有的則兩個名詞后都要加北。JaneandMary'smother簡和瑪麗的媽媽（共有，暗示簡和瑪麗是姐妹關系）Jane'sandMary'smothers簡的媽媽和瑪麗的媽媽（不是共有，分別指兩位媽媽）.雙重所有格：“a/lwo/some...+名詞+of+名詞R名詞性物主代詞”構成雙重所有格，“Of+名詞所有格”中的名詞必須表示人，不能表示事物。afriendofhermother's她媽媽的一個朋友twophotosofhers她的兩張照片考點三數詞——基數詞與序數詞「題組試做］單句語法填空(2020?棗莊模擬)Itscelebrationshappenedasearlyasthefifth(five)century.Theelevatorbrokedownandwehadtowalkuptothetenth(ten)floor.Saturnisthesecond(two)biggestplanetinthesolarsystem.Eachyear,hundreds(hundred)oftheanimalsarekilledfortheirfur.I'mafrequenttravellerandIeatouttwice(two)aday.Ithasbeensnowing,roughlyeverythird(three)day,foraslongasI'vehadtheflu.［要點解讀］一、基數詞和序數詞.表數量的數詞叫基數詞，如one,two,three,....表順序的數詞叫序數詞,如first,second,third,fourth,fifth,...二、基數詞變序數詞的規則一二三要單獨記：one->first,two-*second,three~thirdth要從四加起：four->fourth,five->fifth,...eight少個t：eight-*eighthnine刪除e：nine-*ninthve用f來代替：five-*fifth,twelve—twelfthty變成tie：twenty-*twentieth三、序數詞的使用.序數詞在句中主要作定語，一般情況下序數詞前要加定冠詞。Mondayistheseconddayofaweek.星期一是一周的第二天。.序數詞前有時加不定冠詞，表示“又一、再一"，相當于another。Would