湖南省岳陽縣四中高二英語示范教學設計：M5U3Period4Grammarandusage(1))（牛津譯林版）TeachingImportantPointsVerb-edformsusedlikeanadjectiveoranadverbinasentenceservingasattribute,predictiveandobjectcomplement.TeachingDifficultPointsIdentifythedifferentfunctionsoftheverb-edformindifferentsentences.TeachingMethodsPresentationalandpracticalapproach.TeachingAidsThemultimedia.ThreeDimensionalTeachingAimsKnowledgeandSkillsBylisteningandpractising,theSswilllearnhowtochangeandcorrectatext,howtoconfirminformation.ProcessandStrategiesThissectionisdividedinto

several

steps

andeachstepbeginswithaskillsbuildingactivity.FeelingsandValuesInterestingplacesandpeople’slovetonature.TeachingProcedureStep1Lead-inT:Wehavelearntheusageofthev+-inginthepastunits.Canyoutellthefunctionoftheverb-inginthefollowingsentences?1.Theteacher’sencouragingwordsmadeallthestudentsregainconfidence.2.Thestoryhetolduswasveryexciting.3.Iwatchedtheathletesjumpingfromthedivingboardintotheswimmingpool.Askstudentstoanswerthequestionsthenchecktheanswers.Answers:“Encouraging”isusedastheattribute.“Exicting”isusedaspredicative.3.“Jumping”isusedasStep2Theusageofthev.+-ed

objectcomplement.T:Nowlet

’slook

atthefollowing

sentences

andtell

theusageoftheverb-ed.Canyoutellthefunctionofthev.-edinthefollowingsentences?1.Idon’tlikecannedfood;Iprefersomethingfresh.2.Chinahasnotimetolosetocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesintheworld.3.Themandeliveringmailstomyofficeeverydayisaretiredworker.Askstudentstodiscussandanswerthequestions.Answer:Thewords“canned/developed/retired”areallusedastheattribute.Theverb-edformsinthesesentencesareallusedastheattribute.Andaverb-edcanappearafteranountomodifythenounlikeanattributiveclausedoes.Canyouchangethefollowingattributiveclausesintoverb-edformeachother?1.Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled.2.Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.3.Thekidnapperswereusingacarwhichwasstolen.4.Thedark-hairedmanwentintotheroom.5.Thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome.6.Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire.Askthestudentstodiscussandchangethegivensentences.Suggestedanswers:1.Weshoulddrinkboiledwater.2.Theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce.3.Thekidnapperswereusingastolencar.4.Themanwhowasdark-hairedwentintotheroom.5.Thenamementionedintheletterwasknowntome.6.Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.Askstudentstocomparethetwostructuresoftheattributeasfollows.Step3Furtherpresentationofverb-edT:Let’slookattheotherthreesentences,andtellthefunctionsofthev.+ed.1.(1)Edisonbecameinterestedinsciencewhenhewasveryyoung.2.(2)Thelittleboywasveryexcitedwhenheheardthathecouldgototheparty.Askstudentstodiscussandtellthefunctionsofthev.-ed.Theverb-edformsinterestedandexcitedinthetwosentencesareusedaspredicatives.Theyfollowlinkverbs.T:Next,let’slookatthefollowingsentencesthentellthefunctionsofthev.+ed.1.Thecakewasleftuntouchedonthetable.2.Thegirllaytrappedunderthewreckage.Inthesesentences,theverb-edformsareusedasadverbs.3.Hetriedtomakehimselfunderstoodbyhisstudentsinclass.4.Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.5.Withhisworkfinished,hewentoutwithhisfriends.Inthethreesentencestheverb-edformsareusedastheobjectcomplementsasfollows:makehimselfunderstoodhadmyhaircutWithhisworkfinishedAverb-edformcanalsoserveasattribute,predicativeandobjectcomplement.Whentheverb-edformisusedasanattribute,itcanbechangedintoanattributeclause.Step4PracticeAskstudentstofinishExerciseAandtellthefunctionsofthev.+eds.Thencorrecttheanswers.Suggestedanswers:1.disppointed(thepredicative)2.puzzled(objectcomplement)3.excited(thepredicative)4.thrilled(thepredicative)5.interested(thepredicative)6.bored(thepredicative)Theverb-edformcanexpressdifferentmeanings,thatis,thepassiveandthepastmeaning.Forexample:1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.=Englishisalanguagewhichisusedwidely.2.Healwayswearsthickglassesandholdsabookinhishand,whichmakeshisneighboursthinkheisawell-educatedman.=Healwayswearsthickglassesandholdsabookinhishand,whichmakeshisneighboursthinkheisamanwhoiswell-educated.Thesentencesaboveexpressthemeaningofthepassive.That’stosay,theactionsarepassive.T:Nowlet’slookatthenexttwosentences:1.Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaveswhenautumnwindblows.=Thegroundiscoveredwithleaveswhichhavefallenwhenautumnwindblows.2.SomecountriesliketheUSAandJapanaredevelopedcountries.SomecountriesliketheUSAandJapanarecountrieswhichhavedeveloped.Inthetwosentences,theactionsexpressthe

past,that’stosay,theactionshavebeenfinished.Averb-edcanbeusedafterverbslikestand,toshowthatthetwoactionsarehappeningatthe1.Thegirllayinbedlostinthought.=Thegirllayinbedandwaslostinthought.2.Theboysatatthetableburiedinhishomework.=Theboysatatthetableandwasburiedinhis

sitandliesametime.homework.3.Shelaytrappedunderthebuildingforthreedays.=Shelaythereandwastrappedunderthebuildingforthreedays.Step6Verb+edusedastheadverbT:Averb-edphraseisactuallyaverb-edfollowedbyanobjectand/oradverbial.Verb-edphrasesespeciallythepassiveonescanbeusedtoexpressthetime,thereasonthecondition.Canyourewritethefollowingsentences,usingclausesintroducedbywhen,once,because,unless...?1.Frightenedbythescene,thegirldidnotdaregooutalone.2.Onceitisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.3.Unlessinvited,Iwillnotgototheparty.4.Givenanotherfivedays,Icouldfinishitintime.5.Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfront

andif,ofhim.6.Whentoldthenews,hecouldn’thelpcrying.Askstudentstodiscussandrewritethesentencesthenchecktheanswers.1.Becauseshewasfrightenedbythescene,thegirldidnotdaregooutalone.2.Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.3.UnlessIaminvited,Iwillnotgototheparty.4.IfIwasgivenanotherfivedays,Icouldfinish

it

intime.5.Becausehewaslost

in

thought,

healmost

ran

into

thecarinfrontofhim.6.Whenhewastoldthenews,hecouldn’thelpcrying.Step7ConsolidationandhomeworkTodaywehavelearnedthefunctionsoftheverb+-edinthesentences.Itcanbeusedasattribute,predicativeandobjectcomplementandadverb.Whentheverb-edformisusedasanattribute,itcanbechangedintoanattributeclause.AskstudentstofinishExercisesC1andC2.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboardUnit3ScienceversusnatureThefourthperiodtheboiledwaterwaterwhichhasbeenboiledtheinjuredwomanthewomanwhowasinjuredastolencaracarwhichwasstolenthedark-hairedmanthemanwhowasdark-hairedthenamementionedintheletterthenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterRecordsafterTeaching________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ActivitiesandResearchSstrytofindanarticleinanewspaperaboutcloningorGMfood,inwhichtheytrytofindtheusagesofverb-edformsandspeakoutthefunctionsoftheverb-edform.Alsothestudentsmaycooperatewiththeirclassmatesabouttheirstudy.ReferenceforTeachingBackgroundinformation過去分詞用法:過去分詞只有一種形式:規(guī)則動詞由動詞原形加詞尾-ed組成。不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞沒有一致的規(guī)則要求，要一一記著。過去分詞的句法功能:過去分詞作定語:OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.上周一我們班展開了一次有組織的旅游。Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.入選為委員的人將列席此次會議。注意當過去分詞是單詞時，一般用于名詞前，假如是過去分詞短語，就放在名詞的后邊。過去分詞作定語相當于一個被動語態(tài)的定語從句。過去分詞作表語:Thewindowisbroken.窗戶破了。Theywerefrightenedatthesadsight.他們對眼前凄慘的情景感覺很懼怕。注意be+過去分詞，假如表示狀態(tài)是系表構造，假如表示被動的動作是被動語態(tài)。差別:Thewindowisbroken.（系表）Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboy.（被動）有些過去分詞是不及物動詞組成的，不表示被動，只表示達成。如:boiledwater

（開水）

fallenleaves

（落葉）newlyarrivedgoods

（新到的貨）

therisensun

（升起的太陽）thechangedworld（變了的世界）這種過去分詞有

:gone,

come,

fallen,

risen,

changed,arrived,returned,passed

等。過去分詞作賓語補足語:Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.上周我聽見這首歌被唱了好幾次。有時過去分詞作

with

短語中的賓語補足語

:Withtheworkdone,theywentouttoplay.

工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。過去分詞作狀語:Praisedbytheneighbors,hebecametheprideofhisparents.遇到街坊們的夸獎，他成為父親母親的驕傲。（表示原由）Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.一旦它被看見，人們就忘不了。（表示時間）Givenmoretime,I’llbeabletodoitbetter.假如賜予更多的時間，我能做得更好。（表示條件）Thoughtoldofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.固然被告之危險，他仍舊冒生命危險去救那個孩子。（表示讓步）Filledwithhopesandfears,heenteredthecave.心中充滿了希望與懼怕，他走進山洞。5.過去分詞與邏輯主語組成獨立主格:Allbooksreturnedattheendoftheterm,thelibraryassistantwassatisfied.全部的書期末時都還了，圖書管理員很快樂。Thefieldploughed,hebegantospreadseed.地耕好了，他開始撒種子。Languagepoints1.figureout:tofinallyunderstandsomethingorsomeone,orfindthesolutiontoaproblemafteralotofthought:+questionwordIcan’tfigureoutwhyhedidit.我不可以理解他為何做這件事。Canyoufigureouttheanswertoquestion5?你能算出第五個問題的答案嗎?2.puzzle:v.+adverborpreposition;tofeelconfusedandslightlyworriedThefindingsofthesurveypuzzledme.檢查的發(fā)現(xiàn)使我疑惑。Itpuzzlesmewhyshesaidthat.+questionword她為何那樣說使我很疑惑。Scientistshavebeentryingtosolvethispuzzleforyears.多年來科學家們向來在全力解開這一謎底。acrosswordpuzzlepuzzledadj.confusedbecauseyoudonotunderstandsomething:Hehadapuzzledlookonhisface.他臉上有一絲感覺疑惑的表情。I’mstillpuzzledastowhyshesaidthat.至于她為何那樣說我仍舊感覺疑惑。I’mabitpuzzledthatIhaven’theardfromSimonforsolong.好久沒有收到Simon的來信我感覺疑惑。puzzlingadj.difficulttoexplainorunderstandIt’saratherpuzzlingfilm.3.cautious:1)describesomeonewhoavoidsrisks2)describesomethingwhichis

careful,

wellconsideredandsometimessloworuncertainHewascautiouswhenhewasridingthebicycle.當他騎自行車的時候

,他很當心。acautiousapproachcautiouslyadv.caution

n.Weneedtoproceedwithcaution.4.worth:adj.havingaparticular

我們需要慎重行進。value,especially

inmoneyOurhouseisworthabout

￡200000.我們的房屋價值

20萬英鎊。1)beworthsth.:tobeimportanttoreceiveaparticularaction:

orinterestingenoughIthinkthismatterisworthourattention.我以為這件事值得我們注意。2)beworthhaving/doingsth:tobeimportantorusefultohaveordoThere’snothingworthreadinginthisnewspaper.

這張報紙上沒什么值得讀的。worthless:adj.havingnomoney/valueless/unimportantoruseless:NOTE:Theoppositeisinvaluable/priceless.

value

in有關實用的表達

:It

’sworththemoney.=It

’sgoodvalueforthemoney.be(well)worthdoingsth.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.兩鳥在林，不如一鳥在手。beworthit:tobeofreasonableorgoodvaluefortheprice與worthy及worthwhile的差別:worthy:adj.worthycharacteristicofsomething

ofsth

suitable

for,

orworthwhile:adj.

句型:It

’sworthwhile

doing/to

dosth.做某事是值得的。譯:這個問題值得議論。Thequestionisworthdiscussing.Thequestionisworthyofdiscussion.Thequestionisworthyofbeingdiscussed.Thequestionisworthytobediscussed.It’sworthwhilediscussing/todiscussthequestion.Discussing/Todiscussthequestionisworthwhile.高考鏈接1.(2004浙江高考