20232023高二選修八能力學案（實驗班專用）姓名__________班級______學號_______Editor:GuoSirProofreader:GuosirUnit5Meetingyourancestors學習目標：朗讀并識記下列課標詞匯:學生能借助所給例句提供的語境，體驗、理解以下核心動詞和短語的含義，并通過合作、探究，使用詞典等手段，歸納出其主要用法，并能在合適語境下恰當使用它們。課標核心動詞：arrestinterruptassumeapplaudaccelerate課標核心名詞：學習目標：朗讀并識記下列課標詞匯:學生能借助所給例句提供的語境，體驗、理解以下核心動詞和短語的含義，并通過合作、探究，使用詞典等手段，歸納出其主要用法，并能在合適語境下恰當使用它們。課標核心動詞：arrestinterruptassumeapplaudaccelerate課標核心名詞：alternativesignificance課標核心副詞：somehow課標核心短語:regardlessofcutupatmostbefedupwithlookaheaddatebackhadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.(P43)arrestvt./n.【讀句子，猜詞義】v.1)Ifthepolicearrestsomeone,thepersonistakentoapolicestationbecausethepolicethinktheyhavedonesomethingillegal逮捕，拘捕Hewasarrestedandchargedwithmurder.他遭到逮捕并被指控謀殺。Herfatherwasarrestedforfraud.她父親因詐騙被逮捕。Fiveyouthswerearrestedinconnectionwiththeattack.五名年輕人因與襲擊案有關被逮捕。2)stopaprocessoradevelopment阻止；中止；抑制Attemptsarebeingmadetoarrestthespreadofthedisease.現正設法遏止這種疾病的蔓延.3）tomakesbnoticesthandpayattentiontoit吸引（注意）Thenoveltitleoftheessayarrestedmyattention.那篇文章的題目吸引了我的注意.ifsbarrests,theirheartstopsbeating心跳停止Hearrestedonthewaytothehospital.他在送往醫院途中停止了心跳。n.1)Thecriminalisunderarrest.罪犯已被捕.2)Therobberwasshotdeadresistingarrest.強盜因拒捕而被擊斃。動手練習據句子的意思填入適當的介詞或用arrest的正確形式填空。1)Igotarrested________carelessdriving.2)Herunclewas________arrest,butnobodyknewthereason.3)Fiveyouths________________inconnectionwiththeattack.4)Thepublicapplaudedthe________ofthecriminalsuspect.2.Shehadfeltsoproudasthegroupshoutedloudlytoapplaudhischoice.(P43)applaudvt./vi.1)tohityouropenhandstogethertoshowthatyouhaveenjoyedaplay,concert,speakeretc.（為...）鼓掌=clap①Acrowdof300supporterswarmlyapplaudedherspeech.300名支持者為她的演講熱烈鼓掌。②Thecrowdapplauded(him/hisperformance)forfiveminutes.群眾(為他/演出)鼓掌五分鐘。③Whenshefinishedherspeech,theaudienceapplaudedloudly.......觀眾掌聲雷動。2)toexpressstrongapprovalofanidea,planetc稱贊，贊許①Iapplaudthedecisiontoinstallmoresecuritycameras.我為安裝更多監控攝像機的決定拍手叫好。②Weapplaudedhimforhisbravery.我們稱贊他的勇敢。③Heshouldbeapplaudedforhiscourage.他的勇氣值得稱道。3.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold.(P38)assumevt.【讀句子，猜詞義】1)accept(sth)astruebeforethereisproof假定，假設，認為①Wemustassumehimtobeinnocentuntilheisprovedguilty.尚未證實他有罪,就得假定他是清白的。②WhenitgottomidnightandPaulwasstillnotback,Ibegantoassumetheworst（=thinkthattheworstpossiblethinghadhappened）.到午夜時保羅還沒回來，我開始往最壞的地方想了。③Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假如明天下雨,我們該做什么呢?2)display(sth)falsely;pretend裝出；假裝Thelookofinnocencesheassumedhadusallfooled.她裝出清白無辜的樣子把我們都愚弄了。totakeorbegintohavepowerorresponsibility（承擔）責任；就（職）；取得（權力）Thecourtassumedresponsibilityforthegirl’swelfare.法庭承擔了保障這個女孩福利的責任。Whoevertheyappointwillassumeresponsibilityforallfinancialmatters.不管他們誰被任命,他們都會繼續承擔所有財政上的責任。Heassumedpowerinabloodycoupin1990.他在1990年一場血腥的政變中上臺。Mr.CrosswillassumetheroleofChiefExecutiveOfficerwithateamoffourdirectors.克勞斯先生將出任首席執行官,手下有4位經理。4）tobegintohaveaparticularqualityorappearance=takeon呈現（外觀、樣子）；顯露（特征）Theserelationshipsassumegreatimportanceintimesofcrisis.在危急時刻，這些關系顯得很重要。4.I’msorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?(P38)interruptvt.【讀句子，猜詞義】1)stop(sb)speaking打斷（某人的）講話；中斷（某人的）行動；打擾①Heinterruptedhisteacherwithaquestion.他用一個問題打斷了他的老師。②Let'sgosomewherewherewecantalkwithoutbeinginterrupted.我們去找個說話不受打擾的地方吧。③Sorrytointerruptyou,butthere'ssomeonetoseeyou.對不起打擾你一下,有人要見你。2)breakthecontinuityof(sth)temporarily使（過程或活動）暫時停止Tradebetweenthetwocountrieswasinterruptedbythewar.兩國之間的貿易被戰爭中斷了。tostopaline,surface,view,etc,frombeingevenorcontinous.阻斷，遮擋（連續線條、平面、景色等）Thesenewflatswillinterruptourviewofthesea.這些新公寓將遮住我們眺望海景的視野.Tallerplantsinterrupttheviewsfromthehouse.稍高些的植物遮擋了房內的視線。【鞏固運用】1）Hisspeechwassowelcomethatitwasconstantly________byapplause.A.forgivenB.apologizedC.troubledD.interrupted2)Thosebuildingsaresohighthatthey_________theview.A.disturbedB.interruptedC.heldD.left5.Havingheardwolveshowlingintheforest,Laraacceleratedherwalkupthepathtothecavesfearingthattheremightbewildbeastslyinginwaitforher.(P43)acceleratevt./vi.make(sth)movefasterorhappenearlier;increasethespeedof使（某事物）加快;促進（某事物）;加速:①Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestoacceleratethegrowthofeconomy.②Thecaracceleratedasitovertookme.那輛汽車一加速就超越了我。③Thereisanaccelerationintherateofeconomicgrowththisyear.經濟發展速率的增長.課題二副詞串串燒somehowadv.SomehowhecycledthirtymilestoDrBlackbecausetherewasnoalternativemeansoftransport.(P40)Somehow

or

otherwe

became

friends,

I

never

knew

just

why

it

was.不知怎么地……【詞義辨析】辨析anyhow,somehow與somewhatanyhow意為“無論如何”，相當于anywaysomehow意為“不知怎么的”;“不知為什么”somewhat意為“從某種意義講；有幾分，有點兒”【鞏固運用】選詞填空(somehow/anyhow/somewhat）1）Wemustgettheworkfinished______orotherbytomorrowmorning.2）Itmayrain,but______Ishallgoout.Idon’tmindtherain.3）Thepricewas_______higherthanI’dexpected.課題三點擊名詞Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday?(P37)SomehowhecycledthirtymilestoDrBlackbecausetherewasnoalternativemeansoftransport.alternativeadj.選擇性的,二中擇一的；非傳統的，另類的n.可供選擇的事物【讀句子，猜詞義】n.1)somethingyoucanchoosetodooruseinsteadofsomethingelse①Youhavethealternativeofmarryingorremainingabachelor.你可以結婚也可以仍做單身漢,任你選擇。②Oneofthealternativesopentoyouistoresign.你辭職也是個辦法.③Caughtintheact,hehadnoalternativebuttoconfess.他被當場抓住,除了招供別無出路.adj.2)availableinplaceofsthelse;other①ThealternativebooktostudyfortheexaminationisWarandPeace.可供應考選讀的另一本書是《戰爭與和平》.②Wecouldtakethetrainoralternativelygobycar.我們可以坐火車去,也可以坐汽車去.【合作探究】我沒有錢，所以，我沒有選擇，只好呆在家里。Ihadnomoney,soI___________________________.2.Hisuniversitywasawareofthesignificanceofhiswork.(P40)【significancen.】meaning意思，含義Whatisthesignificanceofthissymbol?這個符號是什麼意思?importance[U]重要性，意義①Fewpeoplerealizedthesignificanceofthediscovery.很少有人意識到這一發現的重要性。②Theproposalstheyputforwardatthemeetingwereoflittle/muchsignificance.ThecompanylookspoisedtomakeasignificantbreakthroughinChina.這家公司看來很有把握在中國取得重大突破。Asmallbutsignificantnumberof11-year-oldsareilliterate.數量不多但仍有相當一部分11歲孩子是文盲。課題四詞組訓練營1.I’mfedupwithalltheattentionand….(p41)befedupwithfeed_________(過去式)___________（過去分詞）【讀句子，猜詞義】=1\*GB3①I’mfedupwithwaitingforhereverytime.=2\*GB3②What’sthematter?Youlookprettyfedup.怎麼啦?你顯得那麼不高興.【聯想拓展】feedsb/sthonsth給（人或動物）食物；喂；飼養feedon（動物）以……為主食feedsthtosb/sth給（人或動物）某物作為食物【即學即練】填入適當的介詞。1)Severalchildrenwerefeedingbread________theducks.2)Whatdoyoufeedyourdog________?3)Cowsfeed________grass.4)I’mfedup________thesamebreakfasteverymorning.2.Itseemsthattheyusedthesharpenedstonetoolstocutupanimalsandremovetheirskin.(p38)【練中學】根據提示，用cut短語填空。=1\*GB3①Whenthemotherreturned,shesawherson___________(切碎)vegetablesintopieces.=2\*GB3②Hewas_________________fromtheoutsideworld.（與世隔絕）③Hetriedto_________________（減少）onsmokingbutfailed.④Don'ttryto_________________(插嘴)whileothersaretalking.別人談話時不要插嘴。⑤Hereditorswantedherto_________(刪掉)thepoetryfromhernovel.⑥Thecakewas___________________________(切成小塊)andhandedout.【總結】cutoff切斷,剪掉cutdown砍伐；削減cutin打斷cutout剪去，刪去，略去cutintopieces砍成碎片3.Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!(P43)【lookahead】向前看；為將來謀劃【練中學】根據提示，用look短語填空。=1\*GB3①_________________!(小心)Thereisdangerahead.=2\*GB3②I'm_________________________(盼望)seeingyouthissummervacation.③Wemust_________________(看得遠一點)beforewemakeadecision.④_________(回頭看)thewaywehadcome,wecouldseethewholevalleyspreadoutbehindus.⑤Iusedto_________him_____(把…當作)afriend.⑥Whencomingacrossanewword,youcan_____it____(查詢)inthedictionary.⑦Thestudents____________(尊敬)thedistinguishedprofessorverymuch.⑧Thegovernmentwill_________(調查研究)howtoreduceunemployment．【總結】lookback向后看；回顧lookout留神；注意lookinto調查lookup查找；形勢好轉lookuptosb.尊敬 某人lookthrough瀏覽lookforwardtosth./doingsth.盼望lookon(as)旁觀；看作lookdown(on/uponsth.)向下看；輕視4.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold.(P38)【regardlessof】不顧，不管=inspiteof=despiteRegardlessofthedifficultiesintalking,theycanunderstandeachotherbybodylanguage.盡管說話上有困難，他們能通過肢體語言來理解彼此。Hejumpedintotherivertosavethelittleboyfromdrowningregardlessofthedanger.【鞏固運用】1)Researchuniversitieshavetokeepupwiththelatestcomputerandscientifichardware________price.A.onaccountofB.regardlessofC.inadditiontoD.nottomention2)翻譯：AslongasyouadmitthatTaiwanispartofChina,youcanbeadmittedtothisassociation,regardlessofwhereyou5.AlltheobjectsarefromthesameexcavationsiteinSanxingduiandcanbedatedbacktobetween3,000and5,000yearsago.(P44)【dateback】追溯；回想；回憶：①Thehistoryofthiscitycango/datebackto650BCwhenonlysomepeoplesettledhere.②Datingbackto1500yearsago,theoldTemplecomesbacktolifeagain.【鞏固運用】翻譯：①他對美術的興趣可以追溯到孩童時代的一件小事。________________________________________②我想要找回那永遠不可再追溯的我的童年時光。_________________________________________典型句式mustbeawarethatit'sherethatwefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.想必你們知道,正是在這兒我們找到了居住在世界這個部分最早人類的證據。a.Youmustbeawarethat…主句后接由強調句和定語從句組成的賓語從句。must是作為情態動詞表示肯定推測,譯作“一定,肯定”。只用于肯定推測。對現在或將來事實推測，用“mustdo”。Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk．走了很長的路,你一定很餓。對正發生或進行的事進行推測,用“mustbedoing”。Thelightison.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow．燈亮著,他一定正在做作業。對過去的事進行推測,用“musthavedone”。Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地是濕的,昨晚一定下雨了。此時,應注意反意疑問句的構成。如果句中有表示過去的時間狀語,反意疑問句用“didn’t/was’t/weren’t+主語”;如果句中無表示過去的時間狀語,反義疑問句用“haven’t/hasn’t+主語”。Hemusthavearrivedherelastnight,_______________?他一定昨晚就來這兒了,不是嗎?Hemusthavearrivedhere,_______________?他一定來這兒了,不是嗎?b.it’sherethatwe…是強調句,其基本句式是Itis(was)+被強調部分+that+句子其他部分。強調人時可用who代替that此結構強調的成分僅限于主語,賓語和狀語。ItwasyourmotherwhomImetinthestreet．我在街上碰到的是你的母親。ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourmother.我是在街上碰到你母親的。Itwasshewhohadbeenwrong.錯的是她。Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay___matters.(2023天津高考)A.thatB.whatC.whichD.thisc.“Wholivedinthispartoftheworld”是定語從句修飾先行詞people。people在定語從句作主語,故用關系代詞who來引導定語從句。2.Wehavebeenexcavatinghereformanyyearsand...[考點]havebeendoing是現在完成進行時，表示到現在為止一直在進行的動作，這個動作可能仍在進行，也可能停止了。[考例]CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineschool,whereshe___Englishforayear.(湖南2023)A.studies B.studiedC.isstudyingD.hasbeenstudying3.I’msorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?很抱歉打擾你,我想問問他們是怎么在這里生活的？句型“I’msorry...but...”是口語中委婉的表達,“but”表示語義上的轉折。—Areyoufreethisweekend?—I’msorry,butlhavelotsofworktodo．1)阻斷,中斷Hisstudieswereinterruptedbythewar．2)打岔;插嘴Itisrudetointerrupt.區別:interrupt和disturbinterruptv.打擾，打斷，阻礙。常有“使……停止(中斷)”的意思。Hisspeechwasconstantlyinterruptedbyapplause.disturbv.打擾,妨礙。常指失去了正常的狀態或導致困難產生。Baddreamsdisturbedhersleep.4.Wehavefoundhumanandanimalbonesinthosecaveshigherupthehillaswellastoolsandotherobjects.我們在山的比較高的洞穴里發現了動物和人類的骨頭以及工具和其他物品。1)conj.aswellas可以用來連接兩個相同的成分,如名詞,形容詞,動詞,介詞,通常不位于句首。意為“不但......而且”。強調前者而非后者。Shesingsaswellasplaysthepiano.翻譯_______________________________________HelenaswellasI______(be)eagertoseetheperformance.2)prep.相當于besides,inadditionto，意為“除......之外”,后面通常接名詞或動詞。Aswellaseatingfivecoursemeals,theydranktwobottlesofwine.5.Itseemsthattheymighthaveusedsharpenedstonetoolstocutuptheanimalsandremovetheirskin.[考點]mighthavedone是“情態動詞+havedone”，表示對過去情況的推測。此外，“must/can/could/may+havedone”也表示對過去發生的事情或情況的推測。[考例]—Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.—You__itinthewrongplace.(江西07)A.mustput B.shouldhaveputC.mightput D.mighthaveput6.Thatwouldhavekeptthemwarm,cookedthefoodandscaredwildbeastsawayaswell.他們用這火取暖、做飯,還能用火嚇跑野獸。1)would表示猜測,譯為“想必……”、“肯定會……”。2)keepthemwarm為keep+賓語+賓語補足語的結構意為“使......處于某種狀態（情況）”。用作賓語補足語常見的詞有現在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞以及介詞短語。Hekeptmewaitingforhalfanhour.Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.7.Yes,indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake．確實,正如植物學分析具體顯示給我們的那樣,附近所有的土地都曾是大型淺湖的一部分。a.as引導的非限制性定語從句常譯作“正如——那樣”。Astheproverbgoes,“Theenemyindisguiseisjustlikethewolfinsheep’sclothing.”正如諺語所說的那樣,偽裝的敵人就像是披著羊皮的狼。b.part前無adj.修飾時為不可數名詞,前面不用冠詞；其前有adj.修飾時為可數名詞，要用冠詞。TheblueshasbeenpartofAfricanAmericanculturesincethenanditisstillanimportantpartofAmericanculture．自從那以后布魯斯就已經是非美文化的一部分,而且現在仍是美國文化的重要部分。C單選1.Onephotoofasmallboy_______hisattention..A.fixed B.paidC.arrestedD.put2.Itisdifficultto________one’sselfrespectinthatjob.A.preserve B.prefer C.precede D.produce3.Planningofficialisnowlooking_____totheneedsofthepopulationintheyear2023.A.backB.aheadC.upD.down4.---Excuseme.Idon’twanttointerruptyou.---________.A.No,no.It’squiteallright.B.Well,nevermindC.Itwon’tbothermeD.Ofcoursenot.5.ItisknowntoallthatTom’s_______forhisteacherisobvious.A.admissionB.alternativeC.analysisD.affection6.Theroomwassohotthatshefelt_______.A.dizzyB.interestedC.confused D.patient7.Itwon’tbeeasy,butwe’llgetacrosstheriver_______.A.somewhatB.somewhereC.somehowD.sometimes8.Youshouldhavebeenmorepatient___thatcustomer;I’msurethatsellinghimthewatchwaspossible.A.atB.toC.inD.with9.Regardless______whatIsaidtohim,herefusedtofollowmyadvice.A.toB.at C.of D.in10.Thelittlegirlisskillful_______inventingstories.A.ofB.atC.forD.with11.I_______thatthepresentsituationisgoingtocontin