Lesson44Speedandcomfort速度和舒適

☆positivelyadv.絕對地，完全地

negativelysurely,absolutely,certainly,indeedadv.肯定地；明確地；斷然地Hesaidquitepositivelythathewouldcome.他很肯定地說他要來。positivelynonsense純屬無稽之談Mysisteralwaysfaceslifepositively.我姐姐總是積極面對人生。Everyoneshouldtryhisbesttocontributepositivelytothesociety☆compartmentn.分隔間或單間車廂，機艙Onthewayhomewesharedourfirst-classcompartmentwithagroupofbusinessmen.freezercompartment冷藏室compartv.使分隔Smoking~(火車上的吸煙室)Storage~儲藏間Engine~發動機艙First–class~頭等艙

☆crampedadj.窄小的narrow---spacious/roomyEconomyclassisverycramped

Crampedroom/office/trainBecrampedforroom/space沒有足夠空間Weareabitcrampedforspaceinthisclassroom.crampedhandwriting密密麻麻的；細密難辨的ThespaciousbackseatofacarAsurprisinglyroomycarcrampn.痙攣，v.使痙攣Shestartedgettingstomachcramsthismorning.crampone’sstyle束縛某人Likemoreandmorewomen,shebelievesmarriagewouldcrampherstyle.☆stuffyadj.憋氣的，悶氣的

[+room]同義詞:airlessItwassohotandstuffythatpeoplewereoutofbreath.天氣悶熱得大家都喘不過氣來。[+ideas]一成不變的，刻板的[+person,institution]枯燥乏味的，一本正經的stuffyattitudes保守態度[+nose]鼻塞的，不通氣的stuffv.把…塞滿stuffsth.withsth.用…把…塞滿stuffsth.去它的吧，讓它見鬼去吧Stuffyourmoney!Wedon’twantahandout.☆monotonousadj.枯燥的，乏味的hardmonotonousroutinework.艱苦的單調的日常工作。Ifoundtheworkmonotonous

Leadamonotonouslifeboring/tedious/uninterestingmono-:one/singlemonorail單軌monologue獨白-logue對話dialoguemonopoly獨裁monarch君主monogamy一夫一妻制dulladj.呆滯的,鈍的tediousadj.單調乏味的,沉悶的boringadj.令人厭煩的,乏味的drearyadj.沉悶的,令人沮喪的dull,tedious,monotonous,dreary,dull:指缺乏新鮮、吸引力或情趣而顯得乏味、沉悶。tedious:側重指文章、演講、演出等冗長乏味或環境等單調、沉悶，缺乏活力，使感到不舒服。monotonous:指沒有變化、重復單調的。dreary:側重無趣味的，不活潑的事或思想狀態。☆rhythmn.有節奏的運動senseofrhythm節奏感Thismusichasalivelyrhythm.Therhythmofheartbeat/dancingrhythmandbluesR&Brhythmic有節奏的Rhythmicgymnastic韻律操rhymen.韻v.押韻Nurseryrhyme童謠rhymer:badpoet三流詩人，打油詩人☆clickv.發出咔嗒聲clickon點擊，單擊Iclickedonalink.clickableadj.可點擊打開的clickern.發出咔嗒聲的設備☆lull:使平靜、使安靜v.催人欲睡

Ican‘tlullherfears.我無法消除她的恐懼。

lullsb.tosleep哄人入睡Todoingsh.哄騙某人做某事

n.短暫的間歇期，暫時的平靜thelullbeforethestorm暴風雨前的平靜Thisisjustthelullbeforethestorm.

lullabyn.搖籃曲；催眠曲☆snatchn.短時，片段

in/bysnatches斷斷續續地atshortintervals,onandoff,nowandagainItrainsinsnatches.Hesnatcheduphisgunandfired.他突然拿起槍來射擊。asnatchofconversation/music/songv.一把抓住，強取snatchatsth.一把抓住snatchawaysth.奪走，搶走snatchupsth.突然拿起，一把抓起☆sleepern.臥鋪睡覺的人beagood/lightsleeper睡眠好/輕枕木，枕軌（為防止耳洞閉合而戴的）小耳環(earring)臥鋪列車；鋪位IusuallygotoLondononthesleeper.Ibookedafirst-classsleeper.hardsleeper硬臥softsleeper軟臥sleeper☆fumblev.亂摸，摸索vi.

Hefumbledthedooropen.他摸索著把門打開了。Hefumbledinhispocketforthekey.他在口袋里摸索著鑰匙。Shefumbledaboutinherpocketsfortheticket.IwasfumblingwiththekeyasIcouldn'tseewherethelockwasinthedark.Thelightswentout,soIhavetofumblemywayout.☆inspectionn.檢查

Officersmakingaroutineinspectionofthevesselfound50kilogramsofthedrug.carryoutaninspection展開審查undergoinspectioninspectv.檢查inspectpassengersticketsinspectorn.檢察員☆inevitablyadv.必然地

[leadto+,resultin+]Technologicalchangeswillinevitablyleadtounemployment.Inevitablytherepairjobwasnotquitesosimple.inevitableadj.不可避免的，必然發生的Hisinvariableansweris“waitandsee”.☆destinationn.目的地；目標

Happinessisajourney,notadestination.到達目的地reachyourdestinationarriveatyourdestinationHerdestination/purposeistowriteabookabouttheriver.touristdestination=touristattraction旅游景點scenicspot☆exhaustv.使精疲力盡Whatexhaustsyou?什么使你筋疲力盡呀？exhaustenergies/strength/patienceIamexhausted.我筋疲力盡了wearout使疲勞，使磨損Afterhalfanhour,hispatiencebegantowearout.不到半小時后，他開始有點忍耐不住了。tireout使筋疲力盡Imustsitdownandrest,Iamtiredout.knocksbout 把某人打昏，使疲勞She'sknockingherselfoutwithallthatwork.她做的工作把她累得筋疲力盡。fatiguev.（使）疲勞Doyoufatigueeasily?☆motorwayn.高速公路freewayn.高速公路,快車道expresswayn.高速公路☆ferryn.渡船，渡口☆cruisen.巡游船，巡游ThousandofChinesetouristsoncruiserefusetostepfootonSouthKoreanisland.

THAAD(TerminalHigh-AltitudeAreaDefense，末段高空區域防御)系統是TMD(TheaterMissileDefense戰區導彈防御系統)體系的地基高層防御部分，比低層系統攔截的高度高，距離遠，既能在大氣層內又能在大氣層外撞擊殺傷截擊。journey,tour,travel,trip,

voyage,excursion,expedition,cruisejourney:最普通用詞，側重指時間較長、距離較遠的單程陸上旅行，也指水上或空中的旅行。tour:指最后返回出發地，旅途中有停留游覽點，距離可長可短，目的各異的周游或巡行。travel:泛指旅行的行為而不指某次具體的旅行，多指到遠方作長期旅行，不強調直接目的地，單、復數均可用。trip:普通用詞,口語多用,常指為公務或游玩作的短暫的旅行。voyage:指在水上旅行，尤指海上旅行，也可指空中旅行。excursion:較正式用詞，常指不超過一天的短時期娛樂性游玩，也可指乘火車或輪船往返特定景點的遠足旅游。expedition:指有特定目的遠征或探險。cruise:主要指乘船的游覽并在多處停靠。

☆civilizev.使文明civil--civilize—civilizationSchoolswillhelptocivilizethewildtribesthere.學校教育將有助于使那里的野蠻部落逐步開化。Knowledgecancivilizepeople.知識能夠使人有教養。civilizationn.文明，開化，教養-ize（動詞后綴）apology—apologizemodern-modernizecritic--criticize -ateact—activateorigin—originatemotive—motivate☆spaciousadj.寬敞的spaciousadj.寬敞的←spaceThehotelisneitherspaciousnorcomfortable.這旅館既不寬敞也不舒服。同義詞：roomyadj.廣闊的,寬敞的expansiveadj.易膨脹的,廣闊的混：expensivecapaciousadj.容量大的,廣闊的←capacity容量seasickadj.暈船的

Theseaisroughandhalfthepassengersareseasick.airsick暈飛機的carsick暈車的bussick 暈公交車的bicyclesick暈自行車的homesick想家的

☆intimidatev.恐嚇，恫嚇Nothingcanintimidateme.tointimidatesomebodyintodoingsomething威逼某人做某事Bobintimidatethewitnessintosilence.鮑勃威脅證人保持沉默。=frighten/threatenintimidated=frightened/threatened混：intimateadj.親密的imitatev.模仿initiatev.開始，發動initiativen.主動權☆disadvantagen.短處，缺點advantagen.優點

☆exhilaratingadj.使人高興的

Ourfirstparachutejumpwasanexhilaratingexperience.I’mexhilaratedbyyourvisit.同義詞：excitingadj.令人興奮的,使人激動的inspiringadj.令人振奮的,激勵人的,鼓舞人心的encouragingadj.令人鼓舞的stimulatingadj.刺激的,令人興奮...Theyusetelevisionadvertisingasadeviceforstimulatingdemand.exhilaratevt.使高興,使愉快☆escapistn.逍遙者;adj.逃避現實的Onlyanescapistcaninventsuchanexcuse.Thewesternisescapistentertainment.☆sipv.呷，啜(drinkalittleatatime)vi.sipatsth.對著…小口喝Hesippedattheglass.sipfromsth.從…中小口喝Shesippedfromhercoffeemug.vt.sipknowledge

n.一小口，一抿的量takeasipofsth.喝一點Wouldyoumindmetakingasipofyourcoffee?takeasipfromsth.從…里抿一口Shetookanothersipfromhercoffee.聯想：gulp吞飲，一口氣喝下去drinkv.喝，飲supv.啜,小口地喝☆champagnen.香檳酒；香檳色Champagneisfullofbubbles.香檳酒有很多氣泡。絕干：brutnatural/brutzero：殘糖少于3克每升超干：extrabrut/ultrabrut：殘糖在0-6克之間每公升自然/干：brut：殘糖在0-15克每公升半干/半甜：extrasec/extradry：殘糖12-20克每升甜：sec：殘糖17-35克每升特甜：demisec：殘糖35-50克每升絕甜：doux：殘糖＞50克每升☆refinementn.精心的安排精致，文雅，改良，精煉，提煉

Hermotherisawomanwithgreatrefinement她母親是一個非常文雅的女人refinev.精煉，改進，使更文雅Weshallhavetorefineonourmethodsofadvertising.我們得進一步改進做廣告的方法。breathtakingadj.激動人心的

thebreathtakingnaturalbeautyoftherainforest.Wedecidedtogoforabreathtakingtrip.Thepicturetakesmybreath.這幅畫太美了。Thegirltakesmybreath.Thebeautifuldresstakesmybreath.takeadeepbreath/runoutofbreath/takeone’sbreathaway使大吃一驚近：outstanding—standout

☆soarv.高飛Wecan'tsoarinthebluesky.Thepricesaresoaring.soaringeagle/prices/ambition/skyscraperTheplanesoaredhighabovetheclouds.Unemploymenthassoaredto18%.Unemploymenthasskyrocketed/soaredup.☆effortlesslyadv.不費力地

easily

adv.容易地,無疑地

withease

容易地,不費力地☆landscapen.景色Thatisanoilpaintingofalandscapeinspring.scenery

n.風景,背景scene

n.情景,場viewn.視野，風景sceneryn.自然風光scene,view,sight,scenery,landscapescene:指具體的、局部的或一時的景色，可以是自然形成的，也可人工造成的。view:普通用詞，多指從遠處或高處所見的景色。sight:側重指旅游觀光的風光，包括城市景色或自然風光景色。也指人造景物或奇特的景色。scenery:指一個國家或某一地區的整體自然風景。landscape:多指在內陸的自然風光。☆freshadj.精神飽滿的afreshmanLookatthatguy,heisreallyfresh.freshbreeze清風freshwater淡水-Iamafreshman.-我是一個新手。freshman—sophomore—junior—senior☆uncrumpledadj.沒有垮下來的

Youwillarriveatyourdestinationfreshanduncrumpled.當你抵達目的地時，你會覺得精神煥發，毫無倦意crumplev.起皺n.皺痕uncrumplev.去掉…的皺紋textPeopletravellinglongdistancesfrequentlyhavetodecidewhethertheywouldprefertogobyland,sea,orair.現在分詞短語修飾peoplepeoplewhotravellongdistancefrequentlyfrequently定期地，經常地quiteoftenhavetodecide==havetomakeuptheirmindwouldrather;wouldsooner要和動詞原形搭配hadbetterdo最好地wouldprefertodowouldratherdoHardlyanyonecanpositivelyenjoysittinginatrainformorethanafewhourshardly+anyone，在這相當于nobody;或nearlynobody,virtuallynobody.Hardly和anyone搭配，則不需倒裝。

Hardlyanyonelikeshim,becausehe'ssobad-temperedTraincompartmentssoongetcrampedandstuffy.

Itisalmostimpossibletotakeyourmindoffthejourney.Youconcentrateyourmindonthejourneyitself,nothingcanhelpyoutokeepawayfromit.takeyourmindoffsth把某人注意力從…轉移開

Eg:AholidaycantakeyourmindoffyourReadingisonlyapartialsolution,forthemonotonousrhythmofthewheelsclickingontherailssoonlullsyoutosleep.

apartialsolution=onepartofsolution

lullsyoutosleep=causeyoutofallasleepThedreamymusictookmymindoffmybookandlulledmetosleep.Duringtheday,sleepcomesinsnatches.Atnight,whenyoureallywishtogotosleep,yourarelymanagetodoso.Ifyouareluckyenoughtogetasleeper,youspendhalfthenightstaringatthesmallbluelightintheceiling,orfumblingtofindyourticketforinspection.

Intheceiling在天花板上（不譯為“里”）Inthecar在車里（“里”）Writeinink用墨水寫（“用”）-Heisingoodhealth.-Sheisingoodspirits.-Theroomisindisorder.-Hismindisinconfusion.-Shewasindespair.Indanger/inruins/inflight逃竄-Therosesareinbloom.-TheLaborPartywasinpower.當政Inevitablyyouarriveatyourdestinationalmostexhausted.

exhausted在這里是形容詞做狀語

Longcarjourneysareevenlesspleasant,foritisquiteimpossibleeventoread.Onmotorwaysyoucan,atleast,travelfairlysafelyathighspeeds,butmoreoftenthannot,thegreaterpartofthejourneyisspentonroadswithfewservicestationsandtoomuchtraffic.

fairly的語氣是最弱的相當地

recoverfairlyquicklymoreoftenthannot主要用在書面語言當中，meansveryoften,usually,frequently

Tomisagoodrunner.Hewinsmoreoftenthannot.Moreoftenthannot多半，在更多情況下Duringfoggyweatherthetrainsarelatemoreoftenthannot.Moreoftenthannot,heisdrunkwhenImeethim.Bycomparison,ferrytripsorcruisesofferagreatvarietyofcivilizedcomforts.bycomparison通過對比bycontrastoffer=provideagreatvarietyof:

大量的

Tforts在這兒指代servicebycomparison通過對比bycontrast

incontrastwith/toincomparisonwithIncomparisonwithmetals,plasticshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Bycomparison,thelivingstandardoftheBritishpeopleishigh.Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,meetinterestingpeopleandenjoygoodfood--alwaysassuming,ofcourse,thattheseaiscalm.We'reassumingthatsomeanimalsseecolor,buthowcanweknowforsure?Assumingthattherumoristrue,whatshouldwedothen?Assumingthisisnogood,whatalternativeisthere?Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetseasick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealongtime.Relativelyfewpeoplearepreparedtosacrifice(uptoathirdoftheir)holidaysforthepleasureoftravellingbysea.HeisverylikelytocomelatemyheartismorelikelytobreakButifAmericadoesnotsetanexample,nooneelseislikelyto.belikelytodo有可能…=itisprobablethatnoformoftransportcouldbeworsecouldnotbe+形容詞比較級，cannotbe+形容詞比較級，no…couldbe表示“沒有什么比…”

Eg:Nobodycanbemorebeautifulthanyou.

Noplacecan/couldbebetter.Yoursuggestionscouldn’tbebetter.Itcouldn’tbeworsetohavearealskeletoninthecupboard.

relatively相對來講Relatively,fewpeoplearepreparedtosacrificetheirholidaytimeforthedubiouspleasureoftravellingbysea.

dubious=uncertain=doubtful

Youliveinarelativelypeacefulcornerofthegalaxy.Aeroplaneshavethereputationofbeingdangerousandevenhardenedtravellersareintimidatedbythem.

Theyalsohavethedisadvantageofbeinganexpensiveformoftransport.Aeroplanesarefamous/well-knownforitsbeingdangerous.havethereputationof/forHehasthereputationofbeingtheworstboyintheclass.Hehasareputationforbeinglazy.speedandcomfortButnothingcanmatchthemforspeedandcomfort.Travellingataheightof30,000feet,farabovetheclouds,andatover500milesanhourisanexhilaratingexperience.

matchsb.for

butnothingcanbeequaltothemaboutThehotelcannotbematchedforserviceandfood.Noonecanmatchhiminspeedandagility.

Youdonothavetodevisewaysoftakingyourmindoffthejourney,foranaeroplanegetsyoutoyourdestinationrapidly.Forafewhours,yousettlebackinadeeparmchairtoenjoytheflight.

第二部分當中是采用對比法

Itisalmostimpossibletotakeyourmindoffthejourney.

Youdon’thaveto/needn’tdevisewaysoftakingyourmindoffthejourney.hardly…when

Youhadhardlyhadtimetofeeltiredwhenyouarrivedatyourdestination.Therealescapistcanwatchafreefilmshowandsipchampa