2021北城區(qū)高三英語一模閱讀理C篇總2021海高三一模CThephilosopherMartinBuber,mostknownforhisworkonThou/You”relationshipsinwhichpeople:areopen,direct,mutuallyinterestedeachother.Incontrast,“I-It”relationshipsarethoseinwetheother,likeanobject,tosolveourproblemsandfulfillourneedspurposes.Itnotourfaultthatofourrelationshipsareorbecome“Itrelationshipsbecausemostofwhatwefeel,thinkandismotivatedunconsciousmemoriesofhowtosurviveenvironmentintoweborn.Thus,ofreasonsweusepeoplehelpusfeelbetteraboutourselvesandcopeinworldisthatusingpeoplewasoncenecessaryitworked.Whensmallhelpless,”cameandfedus,andheldus,andusourway.Wedidn'thavetoreciprocatecarefor“It”.Evenwhenthecareandattentionof”wasminimalorunpredictable,wegotoutofchildhoodalive,somewherealongtheway“It”wasinvolved.Freudcalledstageearly"primarynarcissism"，whichisourinstinct(本能for-apayofourdevelopment.Whileofusoutofit,westillholdsurvivalfear.whichmotivatestoescapedangerandtostayalive,needthisinhealthymeasure.Theisthattoomanyofusmuchortime,areinconstantstatethreat

-oftenknowit.Weimaginepeoplearetalkingaboutusbehindourbacks,thatwecancer,thatweareinadequate,andvulnerabletomorethanourshareofbadluck.Asourbrainhavegrowninsizecomplexity.soourabilitytoscareourselves.Thiscausesmanyproblems,Forexample,ourstresslevelsincrease,ourdigestionisimpairedandourthinkingbecomesrestricted.Ourthreatresponsestopsanybodilyfunction,feeling,thoughtandbehaviorthatmight“wasteenergyanddetractfromfightingorescapingdanger.Thus,inthreat,emotional,cognitiveandbehavioralrangeissignificantlyreduced.Andinreducedstate,oneofsolutionstofindsomeonewhosaveandcomfortus.Insteadofenablingustobeopen,directandmutual,fearandanxietyleadustowards1

conversationsandchoicesinourrelationswithothersthatareorientatedtowardssurvivingnotthriving(茁壯成長).Threat-relationshipsarecharacterizedbyneed,dependency,control,dishonesty,-interest.Wecannotformthe“IThourelationshipsthatBuberspeaksofuntilhavelearnedtonotice,comfort,andunderstandtheemotionspatternsourthreatWheninthreat,wetendtootherpeopleasobjectswhocansaveandprotectus,whowecanblameforourproblems.27.doesunderlined“reciprocate”inParagraphprobablyA.Returnthefavour.C.Conveyanapology.

B.Asksomeadvice.D.somecomments.28.welearnabout“primarynarcissism”?A.leadstooursurvivalfear.C.Itimpactsourgrowthnegatively.

B.Itisandusuallytemporary.D.laysfoundationforFreud'stheory.29.ofthefollowingcouldanof”relationships?A.ComfortinganupsetC.Tryinghardtoindependent.

B.FeelingsorryforyourmistakesD.Askingotherstotakeonyourtask.30.thebesttileforpassage?A.HowWeCanFormthe-”RelationshipsB.HowCanGetOutofthe-”RelationshipsC.WhyWeTeatOthersasObjectsRatherThanIndividualsD.HelpsSurviveandThriveinStagesofLife2021朝高三一模TheLandtheSeaTenthousandyearsago,aslasticeended,levelsaroundworldwerefarlowerthantheyaretoday.MuchofthelandunderboththeNorthSeatotheeastofBritainandtheEnglishChannelseparatesFranceBritainpartofaregionforestsand2

grassyplains.Thenclimategraduallywarmerandthewatertrappedinlargeoficereleased.Nowthedevelopmentofadvancedsonar(聲)technology,knownasmakingpossiblestudythisfloodedlandscapeinextraordinarydetail.Aspecialecho回聲sounderfixedthebottomofsurveyshipandsweepsacrosstheseabed.previoustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwodimensionalimages,bathymetrycannowusecomputers,satellitepositioningandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedForthetime,anancientriverbedjumpsoutofthreeThesiteof-historicsettlementscannowpinpointed.

-dimensionalimage.AccordingtoexpertLindaAndrews,thistechnologicalisofhugesignificance.nowhavetheabilitytotheseabedasaccuratelyaswemapland,”shesays.Oncebathymetrictechniquesidentifiedsiteswherepeoplemighthavetheirhomesandvillages,diverssentdowntoinvestigatefurther.Robotsubmarines(潛艇canalsobeused,researchershopetheywillfindstonetoolsandwoodfromhousesasproofactivity.TheideasharedmanypeopleinBritainoftheircountrynaturalislandkingdomwillchallengedthefindings:Britaininhabitedforabout500,000yearsofthistimeithasbeenlinkedonoffcontinentalEurope.remainsseenhowfarthisnewawarenessistakenonboard,however.Infact,theuseofbathymetrywillbelimitedtostudylostlandscapesandancientsettlements.Itwillalsobevitalinfindingthathavebeendestroyedinaccidents.Inaddition,commercialapplicationsarearealpossibility.Aggregates(骨)fortheconstructionindustryarebecomingincreasinglyexpensive,andbathymetrycanbeidentifysuitablefordiggingforthismaterial.Mappingseabedwillalsoidentifyplaceswhereplantsandshellfishareliving.Diggingsuchsitesshouldbeprevented,eitherworkprofitortomakedeeperwaterwaysformassivecontainerships.27.HowdoesbathymetryA.hasanechosounderplacedontheseabed.B.Itmakesusenumberofdifferentdevices.3

C.producestwo-dimensionaloftheseafloor.D.Itbasesitscalculationsonthelocationofconstructionsites.28.doesunderlined“pinpointed”inParagraphprobablyA.Occupied.B.Adjusted.C.Rebuilt.D.Discovered.29.authorbelievesabetterunderstandingofthesettlementsonseabedmay______.A.attractinvestmentinresearchundertheB.inspirepeopletotakeaninterestmoderntechnologyC.adaptattitudesofBritishtotheircountryhistoryD.receiveconfirmationofrebuildingancient-madeobjects30.Welearnthatthebathymetrywillhelpto______.A.identifynewspeciesofplantsandanimalsB.providethepreciselocationofsunkenshipsC.evaluatethecostofseekingcertainresourcesD.promotethedevelopmentofdeeperwaterways2021豐高三一模Justbecauseascientistatrackingcollaronwildpolarbeardoesnotmeantheanimalwillwillinglykeepon.Theycanremoveit,ifonebecomesannoying.Butscientistshavenowfoundwayusingsignalsfromthosedroppedcollarstotracktheitself.Thescientistsidentified20collarstransmittedmovementdataconsistentwithicedrift(漂流ratherpolarbetween2005and2015.resultingrecordsofhowmeltingicedriftsinHudsonBayareunique;therearenoeasilyaccessible--groundsensors,andsatelliteobservationsoftencannotaccuratelycapturethemotionofsmallsheets.Theteamcomparedthecollars'movementstowidelyused-modelingdatafromtheNationalSnowandCenter(NSIDC).CollardataindicatedtheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeedatwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonwellastheoverallextentofOverthecourseseveralthemodelcould偏)anice4

sheet'slocationbyafewhundredkilometers,thescientistssay.Thismeansthebearsmayworkingharder,movingagainstdirectionofice,thanscientistsassumed,“Sincewe'underestimatingthespeeddrift,werelikelyunderestimatingtheenergeticeffortofpolarbears,"saysRonTogunov,ledstudy.Thestudyrevealstimelyinsightintohowhighlymobileicemoves.meltingincreasesincomingyears,suchicelikelybecomemorecommonfarthernorth,inthecentralArctic,saysAndyMahoney,ageophysicisttheUniversityofAlaska,whowasnotinvolvedinstudy.ScientistshadknownNSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds,says,timewefindagapandplugitagood”Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseaslitteredwithdriftingsaysWaltMeier,aseniorresearchscientist.Thefindingsinfluencefuturemodels,“Itreallydatasays.“Andcertainlyonewe'llunderconsideration.”28.atrackingcollardo?A.Measuretheofsheet.B.Capturethemovementofice.C.Describethemeltingspeedofice.D.Recordtheemotionalstatebears.29.welearnaboutthecollardata?A.theicemoreslowlyitsoriginallocation.B.Itmayrevealpolarbearsaresoenergeticasbefore.C.ItindicatestheicemorelikelytosouththecentralArctic.D.canhelppredictlocationofsomepollutantsseas.30.wouldbethebestforpassage?A.TellsaDifferentStoryB.WildPolarBears'SignalingC.InsightsintoaPuzzlingAspectD.IceIsunderConsideration2021石一模C5

Whatisaportcity?Theportprovidesarichunderstandingofthemovementofpeopleandaroundtheworld.Weunderstandaportascentreofisland-exchangeandamajorforceforculturalmixing.?

PortsharboursHarborisaphysicalconcept,ashelterforships;Portisaneconomicconcept,acentreof-seaexchangewhichdemandsgoodsforexportandimport.Someportsweredevelopedfrompoorharbourswhichwereimprovedwithbreakwaters(防水堤dredging(清淤.andColomboareexamplesharboursexpensivelyimprovedbyenlarging,dredgingandbuildingbreakwaters.?

________________________Portcitiesbecomeindustrial,financialandservicecentresandpoliticalcapitalsbecauseoftheirconnectionsandurbanconcentrationwhichdrawstoitrailways,highwaysairroutes.Watertransportmeanscheapaccess,chiefofportcities.Manyoftheworld’sbiggestcities,forexample,London,NewYork,Shanghai,TokyoandSanFranciscobeganas-thatis,landseaastheirmajorfunction.theirportfunctionsnolongerdominantnow,theyremaindifferentkindsofplacesfromnon-citiesandtheirportfunctionsaccountforthatdifference.?

InternationalcityandPortfunctions,thananythingelse,makeacitymoreinternational.Aportistotheworld.Inraces,cultures,aswellasgoodsfromavarietyofplaces,mixandenricheachotherandlifeofthecity.Butmuchdomesticporttradehasnotbeenrecorded.evidencewesuggeststhatdomesticwasgreateratallperiodsthantrade.Shanghai,forexample,didmostoftradeotherChineseportsandinlandcities,Calcuttatradedmainly6

withotherpartsofandsoon.PositionofportcitycentreCitieswhichasportskeepthechiefandadministrativecentreofcityclosethewaterfront.ThecentreofNewYorkinlowerManhattantworivermouths,thecityofLondonisontheThames,ShanghaialongtheBund.ThisisalsotrueofBoston,Bombay,Madras,BangkokandSingapore,wherethecommercial,financial,andadministrativecentresarestillgroupedaroundtheirharboursthoughcityhasexpandedintoabigEvenacasualvisitorcannotmistakeanythingbutportcities.28.portischangedfromaharbourbyimprovingthefacilities?A.Singapore.B.Bangkok.C.NewYork.D.Madras.29.WhichwouldtheheadingforParagraph2?A.ports,profitcentresB.portalwaysaportcityC.transport,basisofportcitiesD.Portfunctions,featureofbigcities30.welearnaboutportcities?A.waterconnections.B.Theydon’ttradeinlandcities.C.Theyareeasilymistakenforharbours.D.Theymovedtheirchiefcentresawayfromwaterfront.2021東城高三一模CVaccines(疫maytheirfilmappearance.byexpertMariaA.Croyle,researchershavedevelopedathinsheetthatpreservesvaccinesforlongperiodswithoutrefrigeration.Thismeansthecarefullycooledsmallbottlesnowusedtoshipvaccinescouldpotentiallybereplacedbylightweightfilmsthatcanbemailedinanenvelopeandstoredonshelf.Croyle’slaboratorydevelopingthetechnologyin2007.InspiredabilitytopreservetheDNAofinsects,theresearcherssetouttocreatetheirversionofthesubstancebymixing“alotofsugarandabitofsalt,muchlikehardcandy,”Croyleexplains.The7

containingadministeredbymouth—sweetnewsfordislikeneedles.Theistailoredsuiteachspecificvaccinecandidateprovideaprotectivecoating.’velearnedthatthetoreallystabilizingwhateverthefilmholdsistohaveintermixedwithallthecomponents,Croylesays,addingthattheprocessisquickandusesaffordable,standardequipment.reallywantedtocomeupwithsomethingthatwouldbetransferabletodevelopingcountries.免疫programsheavilyonkeepingvaccinescold(2-8asaretransported,sometimesoverthousandsofkilometerstofar-awaylocations.Deliverycanbedifficultcostly,transportdisruptionscancausethevaccinestobeineffective.Butthisnewproductcanstoreliveviruses,bacteriaandantibodiesforseveralmonthsatInapaperpublishedinScience,thescientiststhatthelivevirusesinonevaccinewerepreservedinthefilmaftermonths.Theyalsofindthatafluvaccinesuspendedintheirfavourablywithatraditionalshot(流預(yù)防針.“Thestudydemonstratesearlyproofofconceptforanexcitingplatformforvaccineproductdevelopment,”saysLisaRohan,apharmacologist,whowasinvolvedthealsonotesthateachvaccinetypewould配)forfuturestagesofdevelopment.Findingpartners-produceclinicaltrialsistheresearchers’mostpressingproblem,Croylesays.TheyalsoexploringpackagingmethodstokeeptheirfilmsstableuptoSizeamajoradvantage—a-sizedsheetofthefilmcanthandoses(劑ofvaccine,about1theweightofoftraditionalByiteasierandcheapertoshipandpreservevaccinesefficiently,Croylesays,thetechnologycouldvastlyimproveimmunizationtheworldover,particularly-to-countries.27.welearnaboutthefilm?A.containsanimalB.willreplacevaccines.C.Itcomesdifferentflavours.

D.canbio-products.28.AccordingParagraphlearn______.A.componentB.developmentschedule8

C.possibleadvantagesD.transportationrequirements29.TheauthormentionsLisaRohan’swordsto______.A.advisepersonalizingvaccinesB.suggestproductpromisingC.provethestudyissupportedwidelyD.stressthefunctionsnewplatform30.willbethenexturgenttaskforCroyle’steam?A.Advertisingthefilmworldwide.C.theshippingcost.

B.Improvingthefilmcapacity.D.Seekingidealmanufacturers.2021城高三一模Humansoverconsumptionofresourcesisaleadingcontributortoglobalclimatechange,saysUniversityofArizonaresearcherSabrinaHelm.Therefore,’sincreasinglyimportanttounderstandchoicesmakeandhowthosedecisionsaffectthehealthofaplanetlimitedresources.Inanewstudy,publishedinthejournalYoung,Helmandhercolleaguesexplorematerialisticvaluesinfluenceproenvironmentalbehaviorsmillennials,whoarenowthenation’sinfluentialconsumers.Theresearchersfocusedontwomaincategoriesofproenvironmentalbehaviors:reducedconsumption,whichincludesactionslikerepairinginsteadreplacingolderitems;“greenbuying,”orpurchasingproductsdesignedtolimitenvironmentalimpacts.Theresearchersalsolookedengaginginenvironmentalbehaviorsaffectsconsumer-being.Morematerialisticparticipants,theresearchersfound,wereunlikelytoengageinreducedconsumption.However,materialismdidnotseemtohaveeffectontheirlikelihoodofpracticing“greenbuying.”’sprobablybecause“greenbuying,”unlikereducedconsumption,offersawaymaterialiststofulfilltheirdesiretonewitems,HelmStudyparticipantswhoreportedhavingfewermaterialisticvaluesweremorelikelyengageinreducedconsumption.Consuminglesswas,inturn,linkedhigherpersonal-andlowerpsychologicalsuffering.Greenbuying—whichmayhavesomepositiveenvironmentaleffects,althoughtoasmallerdegreethanreducedconsumption—wasnotfoundtoimprove9

consumerwell-being,Helmsaid.Thehomeforconsumers:“Theistoreduceconsumptionandjustbuygreenstuff.Havinglessandbuyinglessactuallymakemoresatisfiedandhappier,Helmsaid.“Ifyouhavelotofstuff,youhavealotonyourmind,”said.“Forexample,requiresmaintenanceandthere’salotofburdensofownership,andrelieveyourselfofthatburdenofownership,mostpeoplereportfeelingalotbetterfreer.”andhercolleaguesadditionallylookedathowmaterialismaffectsmillennialconsumers’proactivefinancialbehaviors,suchasbudgetingandsaving.Examiningfinancialbehaviorsalongsideproenvironmentalbehaviorsprovidesapictureofhowyoungadul