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UnitOneTextITwoWordstoAvoid,TwotoRemember

避免兩詞,銘記兩詞II.Dictionaryworkinsight(l.1):

thecapacitytogainanaccurateanddeepinstinctiveunderstandingofasituation洞察力checkeredtablecloth(l.9):tablecloththathasapatternconsistingofalternatingsquaresofdifferentcolors.TheBritishspellingofcheckeredischequered.chewthecud(ll.9-10):thinkreflectivelygnome(l.12):(inlegends)alittleoldmanwholivesundergroundandguardstheearth’streasures土地神;asmalluglyperson侏儒melancholy(l.20):adj.sad,gloomy,depressed6.berate(l.38):scoldorcriticizeangrily7.aperversestreak(ll.66-67):anobstinatequality8.ruefully(l.70):

regretfully9.drag(l.72):(slang)aboringthing;nuisance10.immortality(l.102):never-endinglifeorendlessfameIII.LibraryWork1.Manhattan,anislandnearthemouthoftheHudsonRiver,isaboroughofNewYorkCity,insoutheasternNewYorkState,U.S.A.commercialandculturalheartofthecity,ManhattanisthesiteoftheMetropolitanOperaHouse,CarnegieHall,theCityCenterofMusicandDrama,andnumerousothermusicinstitutions.MainmuseumsandartgalleriesofManhattanincludetheMetropolitanMuseumofArt,theAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory,etc.ColumbiaUniversityandNewYorkUniversityarealsolocatedhere.AmongotherpointsofinterestaretheRockefellerCenter,theEmpireStatebuilding.2.Apsychiatristisamedicalpractitionerspecializinginthediagnosis,andtreatmentofmentalillness.Generally,aftercompletionofmedicaltraining,physicianstakeathree-yearresidencyinpsychiatrytobecomequalifiedpsychiatrists.Aspsychiatryisanareaofmedicine,psychiatriststendtoviewandconceptualizedisorderedbehaviorastypesofmentalillness.Thosewhohavementalillness,psychologicalandemotionaldisordersconsultpsychiatrists.3.SigmundFreud/’sigmund‘froid/(1856-1939)isanAustrianphysicianandthefounderofpsychoanalysis.Freudexploredtheworkingsofthehumanmindanddevelopedpsychoanalysisasatherapeutictechniquetotreatneurosisormentaldisturbances.Hisideaoftheunconsciousmentalprocessesandhistheorythataprincipalcauseofneurosisistherepressionofpainfulmemoriesintotheunconsciousholdacentralplaceinpsychologyandpsychiatrytoday.西格蒙德·弗洛伊德(SigmundFreud,1856.5.6-1939.9.23),猶太人,奧地利精神病醫(yī)生及精神分析學(xué)家。精神分析學(xué)派的創(chuàng)始人。他認(rèn)為被壓抑的欲望絕大部分是屬于性的,性的擾亂是精神病的根本原因。著有《性學(xué)三論》、《夢(mèng)的釋義》、《圖騰與禁忌》、《日常生活的心理病理學(xué)》、《精神分析引論》、《精神分析引論新編》等。中文名:西格蒙德·弗洛伊德外文名:SigmundFreud國(guó)籍:奧地利民族:猶太人出生地:摩拉維亞出生日期:1856年5月6日逝世日期:1939年9月23日職業(yè):精神病醫(yī)生,精神分析學(xué)家畢業(yè)院校:維也納大學(xué)主要成就:開創(chuàng)精神分析學(xué)說(shuō)建立精神分析法代表作品:《夢(mèng)的解析》,《性學(xué)三論》,《日常生活精神病理學(xué)》IV.Organizationofthetext1.Settingofthestory(Para.1-3)1)Theinstructivesignificanceofthestory(Para.1)2)Setting(Paras.2-3)2.Developmentofthestory(Paras.4-31)1)inthelittleFrenchrestaurant(Paras.4-8)2)intheOldMan’soffice(Paras.9-26)3)Outsidetheoffice(Paras.27-31)3.Denouementorconclusion(Paras.32-33)V.KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph11.rewarding–worthdoing,satisfyinge.g.asatisfyingaswellasafinanciallyrewardingcareer令人滿意且薪水豐厚的職業(yè)Ididnotexpectthejobtobeintrinsicallyrewarding.我并沒(méi)有期望這份工作本身會(huì)有什么好處。Ifounditimmenselyrewardingworkingwiththelessablechildren.為能力差的孩子工作我覺(jué)得是非常值得的。2.insight–asuddenclearunderstandingofsth,esp.acomplicatedsituationorideae.g.InthisnewbookhehitsofftheAmericantemperamentwithamazinginsight.在這本新書里,他對(duì)美國(guó)人性格的描寫表現(xiàn)出驚人的洞察力。Thebookisfilledwithremarkableinsights.這本書很有真知卓見(jiàn)。I'vegotaninsightintotheproblem.我對(duì)問(wèn)題豁然開朗。3.aflashofinsight–anunderstandingthatcomestosbsuddenlyandquickly頓悟e.g.Whathesaidwasreallyaflashofinsighttomeindealingwiththiscomplicatedinterpersonalrelationship.Aflashofinsightstruckhim.

他心頭猛地一亮。4.leave–causesth/sbtobeorremaininaparticularstateorpositione.g.Hiswordsleftmecompletelyatalosswhattosay.ParaphraseNothinginlifeismoreexcitingandrewardingthanthesuddenflashofinsightthatleavesyouachangedperson–notonlychanged,butchangedforthebetter.(ll.1-2)Themostinspiringandgratifyingfactoflifeistheunexpectedsparkofenlightenmentthatmakesyoudifferentandabetterpersonthanbefore.第一段譯文在生活中,沒(méi)有什么比頓悟更令人激動(dòng)和興奮的,它可以改變一個(gè)人------不僅僅是改變,而且變得更好。當(dāng)然,這種頓悟是很罕見(jiàn)的,但仍然可以發(fā)生在我們所有人身上。它有時(shí)來(lái)自一本書,一個(gè)說(shuō)教或一行詩(shī)歌,有時(shí)也來(lái)自一個(gè)朋友。

Paragraph25.onone’spart–madeordonebyonee.g.Iconsiderthisagrossoversightonyourpart.我認(rèn)為這是你的嚴(yán)重疏忽。Heexpressedappreciationonthepartofhimselfandhiscolleagues.他代表他自己和同事們表示感謝。6.fallthrough–failtobesuccessfullycompleted,cometonothing失敗,成為泡影e.g.Tohisdisappointment,spect–thepossibilitythatsth.willhappen,aparticulareventwhichwillprobablyordefinitelyhappeninthefuture–usedesp.whenyouwanttotalkabouthowyoufeelaboutit.前景,前途,期望e.g.Shequailedattheprospectofaddressingsuchalargecrowd.

她想到要在大庭廣眾之中講話心里就發(fā)毛。TheprospectofmeetingthePresidentisquitedaunting.

一想到要會(huì)見(jiàn)總統(tǒng)就足以令人心悸。Theprospectofbankruptcyhasnowreceded.

破產(chǎn)的危險(xiǎn)已經(jīng)減少了。8.cud–foodthatacoworsimilaranimalhaschewed,broughtbackintoitsmouthtochewasecondtime反芻的食物9.hindsight–understandingthereasonsforaneventorsituationonlyafterithashappenede.g.Hindsightisalwaysclearerthanone’sviewatthetime.事后看問(wèn)題總要比當(dāng)時(shí)看得清楚。c.f.foresight預(yù)見(jiàn),先見(jiàn)之明10.chewingthebittercudofhindsight–thinkingpainfullyandrepeatedlyaboutwhathadhappened10.chewthecud–thinkdeeplybeforemakingadecision;thinkreflectively深思,反復(fù)思考e.g.Hedidn’treplyimmediately,butseemedrathertobechewinghiscud.他沒(méi)有立即回答,不過(guò)看上去在反復(fù)思考。Ichewedthecudforacoupleofdaysbeforedecidingtorefuseyouroffer.我反復(fù)思考了二三天后才決定拒絕你的提議。Inhindsight,weshouldhavedemandedapre-contractpayment.我們很后悔沒(méi)有要求預(yù)付簽約金。Whatlooksobviousinhindsightwasnotatallobviousatthetime.事后一目了然的事在當(dāng)時(shí)根本看不清。Theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoidedwiththewisdomofhindsight.事后來(lái)看,這場(chǎng)事故本來(lái)是可以避免的。Wefailed,andwith(thebenefitof)hindsightInowseewherewewentwrong.

我們失利了,事後一想,我終於明白了錯(cuò)在哪里。第二段譯文在曼哈頓一個(gè)寒冷的冬天下午,我坐在一個(gè)法國(guó)小餐館,倍感失落和壓抑,因?yàn)閹状握`算,在我生命中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的項(xiàng)目就這樣落空了。就因?yàn)檫@樣,甚至連期望看到一個(gè)老朋友(我常常私下親切地想到的一個(gè)老人)的情形都不像以前那樣令我興奮。我坐在桌邊,皺起眉頭看著色彩多樣的桌布,品嘗著事后才醒悟的苦澀。Paragraph311.muffle–tomakeasoundlessloudandclear,especiallybycoveringsth.e.g.Thefallingsnowmuffledoursoundoffootsteps.Iputmyhandovermymouthtomufflemywords,soonlymyfriendcouldhear.我把手擋在嘴上,遮住聲音,僅讓我的朋友聽(tīng)到。12.gnome–守護(hù)神,土地神,侏儒e(cuò).g.TheSwedesdonothaveSantaClaus.WhattheyhaveisChristmasGnome.瑞典人的圣誕節(jié)里沒(méi)有圣誕老人,但他們卻有一個(gè)圣誕守護(hù)神。ParaphraseHecameacrossthestreet,finally,muffledinhisancientovercoat,shapelessfelthatpulleddownoverhisbaldhead,lookingmorelikeanenergeticgnomethananeminentpsychiatrist.(ll.11-13)Atlasthewalkedoverfromtheothersideofthestreet,wrappedinhisold-fashionedovercoat,hisbaldheadcoveredbyashapelessfelthat.Helookedlikeadwarfisholdmanfullofenergyratherthanawell-knownpsychiatrist.第三段譯文他穿過(guò)街道,裹著舊棉襖,一頂帽子從光頭搭下來(lái)(他被一件古老的大衣裹得密不透風(fēng),光頭上趴著一頂不成形的毛氈帽子),看上去不像是一個(gè)有名的精神病醫(yī)生,倒像是一個(gè)精力充沛的侏儒。他的辦公室在附近到處都有,我知道他剛剛離開他最后一個(gè)病人。他接近80歲,但仍然拿著一個(gè)裝著滿滿文件的公文包,工作起來(lái)仍然像一個(gè)大公司的主管,無(wú)論何時(shí)有空,他都仍然愛(ài)去高爾夫球場(chǎng)。

Paragraph413.bythetime…e.g.Bythetimeyoucome,Iwillhavefinishedmytraining.14.indestructible–strongandenergetice.g.Furnitureforyoungchildrenneedstobeindestructible.幼兒用的家具須不易損壞。15.withoutpreliminary–withoutgreetingslike“Hi”or“Howareyou?”.16.preliminary–anactionprecedingsth.moreimportant.第四段譯文在他向我走來(lái)并坐到我身旁時(shí),侍者已經(jīng)送來(lái)了他永恒不變的麥芽酒。我已經(jīng)有幾個(gè)月不曾見(jiàn)到他了,他看起來(lái)就如以往一般的堅(jiān)忍不拔。“好吧,年輕人,”他開門見(jiàn)山地問(wèn)道,“你有什么困擾?”

Paragraph517.longsince–longagoe.g.Theirlanguageshavelongsincebecomeextinct.18.perceptiveness–unusualabilitytonoticeorunderstand;awarenessandunderstanding觀察敏銳,善于理解e.g.Wealladmiredhisperceptiveness.Hceed–beginacourseofactione.g.Afterthepreparationshadbeenmade,weproceededtodrafttheplan.Hepausedtoconsulthisnotes,andthenproceededwithhisquestion.他停了下來(lái)看了看筆記,然后繼續(xù)提問(wèn)。Theywillproceedtobuildanotherlaboratorybuilding.他們將著手建造另一座實(shí)驗(yàn)大樓。c.f.precedeCertainsignprecedescertainevent.事情發(fā)生,必有先兆。Attributiveadjectivesprecedethenoun.定語(yǔ)形容詞位于名詞前。

Inscience,mistakesalwaysprecedethetruth.在科學(xué)的領(lǐng)域中,錯(cuò)誤一定會(huì)出現(xiàn)在真理之前。20.atsomelength–(formal)insomedetailc.f.atlength–afteralongtime;atlaste.g.SotodayIwishtodiscussthisquestionatsomelength.今天想著重談?wù)勥@方面的問(wèn)題。

Healwaysspeaksatlength.他的話說(shuō)起來(lái)總是沒(méi)完。

Thatisaportraitatlength.那是一張全身畫像。Atlengthhepulledthrough.他終于渡過(guò)了難關(guān)。AtlengththeHousedivided.議會(huì)終於表決了。21.melancholy–verysad,gloomye.g.Hefeltmelancholyafterhefailedtheexam.這次考試沒(méi)通過(guò),他感到很郁悶。Allatoncehefellintoastateofprofoundmelancholy.他立即陷入無(wú)盡的憂思之中。22.falsemove–anunwiseactionthatturnsouttobeamistakeandbringssb.riskse.g.Onefalsemovemaylosethewholegame.一著出錯(cuò)全盤皆輸。

ThefalsemovethatSallymadecostheralot.莎莉一著不慎使她付出了昂貴的代價(jià)。第五段譯文我早已不再為他敏銳的洞察力感到驚訝了,所以我詳細(xì)地告訴他我的煩惱。帶著一絲憂傷的自豪,我試著保持絕對(duì)誠(chéng)實(shí)。我沒(méi)有因?yàn)槲业氖?zé)怪任何人,除了我自己。我分析了整件事,所有錯(cuò)誤的決斷,錯(cuò)誤的步驟。我講了約15分鐘,這期間老人只是靜靜地喝著他的麥芽酒。Pmondenominator–thisisatermusedinmathematics,meaning“thecommonmultipleofthedenominatorofseveralfractions”公分母.Inthiscontext,itmeans“thecharacteristicsharedbythethreepersons”,i.e.thephraseifonlywasusedbyallthreeofthem.第十段譯文老人從一個(gè)平匾的硬紙板盒中拿出一盒磁帶,放到了播放機(jī)中。“在這盒磁帶里,”他說(shuō),“有三段短錄音,那是由三個(gè)不同的向我尋求幫助的人錄制的。當(dāng)然,他們是匿名的。我想讓你聽(tīng)這些錄音,看看你是否能從這三段錄音中找出那個(gè)共同的兩字短語(yǔ)。”他笑道:“別露出那么困惑的表情,我有我的原因。”Paragraph1124.berate–(formal)scoldorcriticizeangrilybecauseofafaulte.g.Don’tberateanyonejustbecausehehasmadeamistake.Don’tweallmakemistakesfromtimetotime?Wehavebeenberatedforsomanyyears!Buthavewebeentoppledbytheircriticisms?多少年來(lái)我們挨罵挨得多了,罵倒了嗎?25.let…goby–misse.g.Neverletagoodopportunitygoby.決不要錯(cuò)失良機(jī)。Heletaweekgobybeforeansweringtheletter.他一周以后才回信。Theoldmanthinkstoomanypeoplenowletgoodmannersgoby.這老人認(rèn)為太多的人現(xiàn)在拋棄了禮貌修養(yǎng)。

ParaphraseThewomanwhospokenexthadnevermarriedbecauseofasenseofobligationtoherwidowedmother;sherecalledbitterlyallthemaritalchancesshehadletgoby.(ll.39-40)Thenextspeakeronthetapewasawomanwhohadremainedsinglebecauseshethoughtshewasobligedtotakecareofhermotherwhowasawidow.Shestillrememberedandtoldothersmiserablyaboutallthechancesofmarriageshehadmissed.第十一段譯文對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),磁帶里這些聲音的主人具有的共同點(diǎn)就是不開心。第一個(gè)說(shuō)話的男人似乎遭遇了某種生意的損失或是失敗,他嚴(yán)厲地斥責(zé)了自己沒(méi)能更加努力,沒(méi)能更加高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚。第二個(gè)說(shuō)話的女人因?yàn)閷?duì)自己守寡母親的義務(wù)感,從未結(jié)婚。她苦澀地回憶著她放棄的每一個(gè)步入婚姻的機(jī)會(huì)。第三個(gè)聲音屬于一個(gè)母親,她無(wú)止境地責(zé)怪自己,因其未成年的兒子惹上了大麻煩被關(guān)進(jìn)警局。

Paragraph1226.subtlepoison–destructiveeffectthatisdifficulttopindowne.g.Computergamesareasubtlepoisontotheuniversitystudentsbecausetheywillslowlyconsumetheirenergyintheacademicstudy.27.spot-notice,seesth.thatishardtodetecte.g.Wecanoftenlearnsuchpricelesslessonsbyrememberingthe“youspotit,yougotit”dynamic.記住“發(fā)現(xiàn)即擁有”,這樣我們就常常能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)像這樣的無(wú)價(jià)的教訓(xùn)。Howdidyouspotthosefiftieswerecounterfeited?你怎樣察覺(jué)出那些50元面值的紙幣是偽造的?28.toss-tothrowsth.lightlyorcarelessly;tomovefromsidetosideorupanddown;tomoveone'sheadupwardssuddenly(esp.toshowthatyouareannoyedorimpatient)甩(頭)e.g.Itossedthebookasideandgotup.HetossedtheballtoJenny.=HetossedJennytheball.Thehometeamwonthetossandelectedtokickoff.主隊(duì)在投幣中獲勝,被選定來(lái)開球*notgiveatoss:(slang)notcareaboutsth.atalle.g.Shedismissedthequestion,notgiveatoss.第十二段譯文老人關(guān)掉機(jī)器,依回椅子上:“在這些錄音中,有一個(gè)有些許負(fù)面情緒的詞被用了六次,你注意到了嗎?沒(méi)有?噢,也許是因?yàn)閹追昼娗霸诓宛^,你自己也用過(guò)了三次。”他拿起盒子,將磁帶扔給我。“它們就在標(biāo)簽上,任何語(yǔ)言中最哀傷的詞匯。”Paragraph1429.woeful-adj.fullofwoe,sad,regretfule.g.awoefulcountenance(song)

悲傷的面容(歌曲)awoefulspectacle

悲慘的景象woefulignorance

可悲的無(wú)知Hiswoefuleyesbetrayedhisfeeling.30.getsomewhere–makeprogress;achievesuccesse.g.Aftersixmonths'workontheproject,atlastIfeelI'mgettingsomewhere.

那計(jì)劃我搞了半年,終于覺(jué)得有所進(jìn)展.IwonderhowmanymilesI'vefallenbythistime?'shesaidaloud.Imustbegettingsomewherenearthecenteroftheearth

愛(ài)麗絲大聲說(shuō):“我很知道掉了多少英里了,我一定已經(jīng)靠近地球中心的一個(gè)地方啦!”

第十三、四段譯文我看過(guò)去,紅色的墨水工整地印著兩個(gè)字:“如果”。老人說(shuō)道:“如果你知道有多少次我坐在這張椅子上,聽(tīng)到那些悲傷的句子以這兩個(gè)詞開頭,你會(huì)感到震驚的。他們這樣對(duì)我說(shuō),‘要是我換一種方式做,或是不那樣做多好。要是我沒(méi)有發(fā)脾氣,說(shuō)了殘酷的話,做出不誠(chéng)實(shí)的行為,撒那些愚蠢的謊多好。要是我更明智一點(diǎn),更無(wú)私一點(diǎn),或是更自信一點(diǎn)該有多好。’他們喋喋不休,直到我讓他們停下來(lái)。有時(shí)我會(huì)讓他們聽(tīng)你剛聽(tīng)過(guò)的錄音,我會(huì)告訴他們‘要是你們不再重復(fù)要是,那么我們也許已經(jīng)取得進(jìn)展了。’”Paragraph1531.roadblock–barricade,barriere.g.Anytimetheycouldsetuparoadblockinourway

他們隨時(shí)都可能給我們?cè)O(shè)置路障。Ithashappenedbefore,inSomaliain1993forexample,butneverwastherethislevelofround-the-clockcoverageofeachroadblockandminorsetback.

這種事情以前就發(fā)生過(guò),比如1993年在索馬里,但從來(lái)沒(méi)有像這次這樣全天候的報(bào)道每一個(gè)路障和每一次微小的挫折。第十五段譯文老人伸展了一下腿,說(shuō)道:“‘如果’帶來(lái)的麻煩就是,它并不能改變?nèi)魏问虑椋易屓瞬煌5孛鎸?duì)過(guò)去犯的錯(cuò)而不是面對(duì)未來(lái)。那只會(huì)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。如果你養(yǎng)成了這樣的習(xí)慣,最后只會(huì)變成一個(gè)巨大的障礙,一個(gè)讓你不再努力的借口。”Paragraph1632.lament–feelorexpressgreatsorrow(fororbecauseofsth);complainabout痛惜;抱怨e.g.Oneshouldnotlamentthepastmistakes,butshouldtrytodobetterlater.Lamentthisgreatloss痛惜著巨大的損失Thesesongsofourslamentonepersonoreventinanimpromptufashionandareeasilysettowindorstringedaccompaniments.

此或詠嘆一人,或感懷一事,偶成一曲,即可譜入管弦。第十六段譯文現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)看看你的情況吧:你的計(jì)劃沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)。為什么?因?yàn)槟惴噶四承╁e(cuò)誤。好吧,這沒(méi)什么,每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。錯(cuò)誤讓我們學(xué)到東西。但是當(dāng)你提到它們時(shí),只是懊惱這個(gè),后悔那個(gè),你并沒(méi)有從中學(xué)到東西。Paragraph1733.defensive–behavinginawaythatshowsyouthinksb.iscriticizingyoueveniftheyarenot防備批評(píng)的,自衛(wèi)的,有戒心的e.g.Thereisnoneedtobesodefensive,Ijustaskedhowoldyouare.你不必這么大戒心,我只是問(wèn)你多大年齡。Oncehe’stakenupadefensiveattitude,it’sdifficulttopersuadehimthatthere’snothingtobeafraidof.一旦他采取防范的態(tài)度,再要使他相信什么也不必?fù)?dān)心就困難了。Paragraph1834.aperversestreak–anobstinatequalityperverse–stubbornlyunreasonable任性的,蠻不講理的e.g.It’sperverseofhimtobuyhotdogswhenwewantice-cream.我們要雪糕,他偏買熱狗,這個(gè)人脾氣乖張。Shefindsaperversepleasureinupsettingherparents.她以讓父母擔(dān)驚受怕為樂(lè).Ifindaperversedelightinlisteningtotraffic.我從聽(tīng)車輛發(fā)出的聲音中找到一種怪異的樂(lè)趣。Thiskindofreasoningisdeeplyperverse.這種推理是極其有悖常理的。streak–longthinmark,lineorbandofadifferentsubstanceorcolorfromitssurroundings;elementortrace(inaperson’scharacter)(與整體不同物質(zhì)或顏色的)條紋,線條,斑紋;(個(gè)性中的)些微特點(diǎn)或特征e.g.Blackwithredstreaks帶紅條紋的黑色Thereweretearstreaksdownherface.她臉上有一條條淚痕。Hehasastubbornstreak.他生性有點(diǎn)固執(zhí)。Hehadapettybourgeoisstreakinhim.他有點(diǎn)小資產(chǎn)階級(jí)味道。35.hashover–(AmEinformal)talkaboutsth.suchasadifficultyindetailandatlength充分討論e.g.I'mold,nowI'moftenhashingovertheoldfinedays.我老了,現(xiàn)在我常常回憶過(guò)去那些美好的日子。Ihavetohashoveryourapplicationtojointheclubifyoupersistinyourerrors.如果你堅(jiān)持錯(cuò)誤,我就不得不重新考慮你申請(qǐng)入會(huì)的請(qǐng)求。Theyhashedovertheproblemsofthenewcouplesanddecidedtohelpthem.

他們?cè)敿?xì)討論了那對(duì)新婚夫婦所面臨的一切困難,并決定去幫助他們。

ParaphraseThereisaperversestreakinallofusthatmakesusliketohashoveroldmistakes.(ll.66-67)Thereisanobstinatelyunreasonablequalityinallofusthatmakesusenjoybringingupoldmistakesagainforconsideration.第十七、八段譯文“你是怎么知道的?”我?guī)е稽c(diǎn)防備(辯駁的語(yǔ)氣,不服氣地)地問(wèn)道。老人說(shuō)道:“因?yàn)槟銖奈赐V惯^(guò)使用過(guò)去時(shí),沒(méi)有一次提到未來(lái)。并且,老實(shí)說(shuō),你在享受這種做法。我們都有一個(gè)不好的特征,它使我們喜歡回顧自己犯的錯(cuò)。別忘了,在你講述那些發(fā)生在你身上的災(zāi)難性的、令人失望的事情的時(shí)候,你依然是主角,依然是故事的核心。”Paragraph1936.ruefully–contritely,remorsefully;regretfully;showingorfeelinggood–humoredregret表示或感到后悔的(但很看得開)e.g.Hegazedruefullyinthemirrorathisgreyinglock.

他凝視著鏡中自己日見(jiàn)花白的頭發(fā),感慨歲月不待人。

WhenhewishedtocontinuehisstudiesinPeiping,hisfatherruefullyshowedhimhisemptypurse.

他想到北平去求學(xué),可是父親悲嘆著說(shuō)再也供不起他的學(xué)費(fèi)啦。Heoftenrefersruefullytohimselfasan“emperorofJapan”figureheadforAOLTimeWarner,wheeledoutforceremonies.他經(jīng)常悲哀地稱自己是美國(guó)在線-時(shí)代華納公司的類似"日本天皇"的傀儡,慶典時(shí)才被推出來(lái)。37.remedy–awayofdealingwithaproblemormakingabadsituationbettere.g.Thesetabletswilldonothingtoremedymysorethroat.

這些藥片一點(diǎn)也治不了我的嗓子疼。Patienceisthebestremedy.

忍耐是最好的良藥。

Thereisnoremedyforlove,buttolovemore.

愛(ài)的唯一補(bǔ)救辦法就是愛(ài)得更多、更深。

Paragraph2038.Substituteaphrasethatsuppliesliftinsteadofcreatingdrag–useaphrasetoreplaceIFONLYthatcanprovideyouwithafeelingofencouragementinsteadofcausingabore/nuisance39.substitute–v.usesth.inplaceofsth.else;n.apersonorthingactingorusedinplaceofanothere.g.Theoldladysuffersfromdiabetes,soshesubstitutessaccharineforsugar.Beingdiabetic,theoldladyusedsaccharineasasubstituteforsugar.Theactress’ssubstituteperformedaswellastheactressherself.40.lift–afeelingofelation(得意洋洋,興高采烈)鼓舞,振奮e.g.Winningthescholarshipgaveheratremendouslift.她獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金后受到了極大的鼓舞。41.drag–(slang)aboringthing;nuisance累贅的或使人生厭的人或事物e.g.Don’tbesuchadrag!Comeonwithus.別掃大家的興了!跟我們一起去吧。Thepartywasarealdrag.那晚會(huì)真是無(wú)聊。Shelovesherfamily,butthey'readragonhercareer.她熱愛(ài)自己的家庭,但家庭卻是她事業(yè)的拖累。第19-20段譯文我悲傷地?fù)u了搖頭,說(shuō):“嗯,那還有什么能補(bǔ)救的嗎?”“有,轉(zhuǎn)移焦點(diǎn)”,老人馬上答道,“更換關(guān)鍵詞,換上能夠?yàn)槟愕纳钐峁﹦?dòng)力的詞而不是制造累贅的。”Paragraph2242.strikeout–(alsostrikethrough)removebydrawingalinethrough;crossout刪去,劃掉e.g.Hestruckoutthewrongwordandputintherightone.他劃掉錯(cuò)別字換上正確的。Hestruckoutaplanforhimselfforthenextyear.他已經(jīng)為自己擬定了下一年的計(jì)劃。第21-24段譯文“你能推薦這樣的詞語(yǔ)給我嗎?”“當(dāng)然可以,你必須劃掉‘如果’,換上‘下次’。”“下次?”“沒(méi)錯(cuò)。我已經(jīng)在這個(gè)房間里見(jiàn)識(shí)過(guò)它產(chǎn)生的奇跡。只要一個(gè)病人不斷對(duì)我說(shuō)‘如果’,他就麻煩了。但是當(dāng)他直視我的眼睛說(shuō)‘下次’的時(shí)候,我知道他就快度過(guò)難關(guān)了。這意味著他已經(jīng)運(yùn)用從經(jīng)歷中吸取的教訓(xùn),不論曾經(jīng)多殘酷或痛苦;也意味著他開始推開悔恨的障礙繼續(xù)前進(jìn),采取行動(dòng),重新生活。你嘗試看看你也會(huì)明白的。Paragraph2543.Icouldhearthenewwordslockintoplacewithanaudibleclick.Icouldfeelthenewwordsfirmlyfixedinmymindwithoutanydoubt.第25段譯文我的老朋友停止了說(shuō)話。我能聽(tīng)到外面雨點(diǎn)打在窗戶上的沙沙聲。我試著將心中的一個(gè)詞變成另一個(gè)。當(dāng)然,這只是想象,但我感覺(jué)到新詞毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地嵌入了我的腦海。Paragraphs31-3344.infullstride–verycalmlye.g.Somepeoplefindretiringdifficult,buthehastakenitallinfull(his)stride.有人覺(jué)得很難適應(yīng)退休后的生活,但他卻能安之若素。45.thatalmostperceptiblementalclick–theclearsignalsuggestedbytheOldManthatcanalmostbefeltinthemind46.asmallfragmentofimmortality–asmallpieceofgoodadvicethatwilllastalongtime第26-33段譯文老人略顯僵硬地站起來(lái),說(shuō):“哦,下課了!我真的很高興能與你見(jiàn)面,年輕人,一直都是!你能幫我攔輛出租車嗎?我也該回家了。”我們從大樓出來(lái),走進(jìn)雨夜里,我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一輛空車,可是另一個(gè)人卻比我更快。哎呀,如果們?cè)缦聛?lái)十分鐘的話,我們就懶到那輛車了。老人狡猾地說(shuō)。我大笑,并且接上了他的暗示,“下次,我會(huì)跑得快一點(diǎn)。”“這就對(duì)了,就是這樣!”老人說(shuō)著,順手把那引人發(fā)笑的帽子拉下來(lái)圍著他的耳朵。

有一輛車緩緩而來(lái),我為老人打開車門。他笑著,揮手走了。我再也沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他。一個(gè)月之后,他因?yàn)樾呐K病突發(fā)而辭世了,可以說(shuō)是很安祥地死去。那個(gè)曼哈頓雨天過(guò)去一年多了。然而,時(shí)至今日,每當(dāng)我腦海浮現(xiàn)‘如果’這個(gè)詞時(shí),我馬上以‘下次’取而代之。然后,我等著那幾乎感受到的“滴答”聲的響起。當(dāng)聽(tīng)到它時(shí),我又想起那位慈祥的老人。當(dāng)然,那僅是他讓人受益無(wú)窮的建議的一個(gè)小片段,但這就是他想要的效果了。TextIITheRomanceofWords

WilfredFunkandNormanLewisI.TheOrganizationoftheText1.Author’sappealtobeconsciousaboutthelivingwords(Paras.1-3)2.Analogiesofthelivingwords(Paras.4-18)A.Therootsofwords–theoriginofwords(Paras.6-11)B.Thebranchesofwords–wordfamilies(Paras.12-15)C.Theleavesofwords–wordsandtheirmeanings(Paras.16-19)3.Summary(Paras.19-21)II.KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph11.inordinate–excessive;extreme;beyondreasonablelimitse.g.aninordinatecigarette-smoker

吸煙無(wú)度的人

Hehasaninordinatethirst.

他非常口渴。Shealwaysspentaninordinatelengthoftimeoncomputergames.

他總是在電腦游戲上花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間。2.in/intocondition–fit;healthyoutofcondition–notfit;unhealthye.g.Heknewthathewasoutofconditionfromsittingforsolongintheofficewithoutexercise.inmintcondition–(informal,referringtocoinsthathavejustbeenmadeatamint)inperfectcondition;asifnewe.g.Thecarisinmintcondition.3.

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