浙江省寧波市鄞縣正始中學2022高二英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthataudience________teachersandstudentsbemorelikelytotakeseats________directed.A.1ike;that

B.as;that

C.1ike;as

D.as;like

參考答案：C略2.Insocietieswheresocialrolesaredetermined,boysusuallycopythebehavioroftheirfathers,andgirlsusuallyalsocopy_____oftheirmothers.A.that

B.those

C.one

D.theones參考答案：A3._______fromthemoon,ourearth,withwater_____about70percentofitssurface,appearslikeablueball.

A.Seen;covered

B.Seeing;covering

C.Seen;covering

D.Seeing;covered參考答案：C4.Sichuanishometogiantpandas,_______areChina’snationaltreasurelovedbypeopleallovertheworld.

A.whose B.that C.where D.which參考答案：D試題分析：考查非限制性定語從句。此處是前面整個句子做先行詞，用which引導非限制性定語從句，故選D。5.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_____youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucan’tagreewithhim?A.which

B.that

C.where

D.what參考答案：C6._______therearemanyproblemsexistinginChina,wefirmlybelievethatourgovernmentcansolvetheminthenearfuture.

A.When B.Because C.If D.While參考答案：D7.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhetherthey____banningcarsinthecitycentre．A．agree

B．comment

C．advocate

D．conduct參考答案：C23.We_______himonhisbirthdayandheldapartyto_______it.A.congratulated;congratulate

B.celebrated;celebrateC.celebrated;congratulate

D.congratulated;celebrate參考答案：D9.

Accordingtothe______passedbythecourt,halfofhispossessionsshallbelongtohiswife.

A.ban

B.consequence

C.judgment

D.punishment參考答案：C10.Theteacher_____hisstudents______fivegroups..Adivided…into

B.separated…from

C.separated…into…

D.divided…from參考答案：A26.I__________useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.

A.couldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t參考答案：D略12.---HowiseverythinggoingonwithyouinEurope?---Quitewell.NotsosmoothlyasIhoped_____.A.though

B.instead

C.either

D.too參考答案：A13.She______animportantdetailinheraccount.A．leftout

B．brokedown

C．madesense

D．consistedof參考答案：A14.Youwanttohelpyourkidsasmuchasyoucan,but_______,you’vegottobecarefultohelpthemlearnontheirown.

A.ontheotherhand

B.foronething

C.inotherwords

D.asusual參考答案：A15.Hecalledateverydoor,urgingthatpeople________hisproducts.

A.tobuy

B.bought

C.buying

D.buy參考答案：D略16.—ThejobinterviewwilltakeplacetomorrowandI’mreallyworriedaboutit,Mum?

—

,dear!Justtryyourbest.

A．Withpleasure.

B．Takeiteasy

C．Haveagoodtime

D．Goodluck參考答案：B17.She________herselfentirelytoherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.A．contributedto

B．made

C．devoted D．wasdevoted參考答案：C18.–Whendidthemanagerdecidetoconstructthetheoryofmanagement?--Itwaslastmonth___________themanagementsystemsufferedfromadrawback.A.when

? B.that

C.which

? D.where參考答案：A試題分析：考查定語從句和強調句型。本句中when引導的定語從句修飾lastmonth，在第二句中后面省略了強調句型的后半句thathedecidedtoconstructthetheoryofmanagement。句意：—經理什么時候決定修訂管理理論的？—是在上個月管理系統出現問題的時候，他才決定重新修訂管理理論的。故A正確。【名師點睛】強調就是使句子的某一部分比一般情況下顯得更加重要。英語表達中，要強調句子的某一成分，一般可用強調句型“Itis(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部分”。It在句中無意義，只起引出被強調部分的作用。被強調的部分指人時，除可用that外，還可換用who（強調賓語指人時也可用whom）。使用強調句型時，應注意以下事項：1、去掉強調結構Itis(was)…that(who)…后，剩下的詞仍能組成一個完整的句子。這是判斷是不是強調句型的關鍵。試比較：1.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.2.ItisyouandTomthatdidn’tcomeyesterday.顯然，句1去掉Itis…that…后，句子結構不完整，是主語從句；句2去掉Itis…that…后，句子變為youandTomdidn’tcomeyesterday.仍是一個表意完整的句子，這是一個強調句。再如：1.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay____matters.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.this答案A。這是一個強調主語的強調句型，去掉強調結構，剩下的是Whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaymatters.表意完整。2.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.when

B.that

C.before

D.since答案D。由強調句型的判斷方法可知，該句不是強調句型。It指時間，句意為：好幾年我沒有這么高興了。since的意思是“自從那個時候起”。2、如果強調時間、地點、原因或方式狀語時，不可用when,where,why或how，而仍用that。試比較：Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentwhyhewaslate.(誤),Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentthathewaslate.(正)。又如：1.Itwasnotuntilmidnight_____theyreachedthecampsite.A.that

B.when

C.while

D.as答案A。該題強干擾項是B，考生容易因強調時間狀語untilmidnight而誤選。2.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired____herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.A.that

B.when

C.since

D.as答案A。該句強調時間狀語從句afterhegotwhathehaddesired，題干意思是“得到他所夢寐以求的東西后他才意識到一切都不那么重要”。不要誤選B。3、注意強調句型的否定句和疑問句形式，在這方面很容易因弄不清句子結構而錯選。如:1.Ijustwonder____thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoes

B.whathedoes

C.howitis

D.whatitis答案D。正常語序的強調句型容易看出，但要注意它的變體。如果把該題變換一下語序：itiswhatthatmakeshimsoexcited,不難看出這是強調句型的特殊疑問句形式，強調了疑問代詞what，因為wonder后賓語從句，故用了陳述語序。2.Itwasnotuntilshegothome____Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.A.when

B.that

C.where

D.before答案B。如果去掉強調結構，該句是一個“not…until”句型：Jenniferdidn’trealizeshehadlostherkeysuntilshegothome.要強調時間狀語untilshegothome，這時要把主句中的否定詞not放在was之后。4、強調主語時，that或who后面的謂語動詞的形式仍然取決于原句中的主語；be的變化只有is和was兩種形式，如果要表示現在時將來時的其它各種形式時，就用Itis…,表達過去時的各種形式時，用Itwas….一般要與謂語動詞的時態一致。如：1.ItisIwho/thatamanEnglishteacher.2.Itistheboywho/thatspeaksEnglishbestintheclass.3.ItwasonSundaythathegaveGeorgethisticket.4.Itisthelittlegirlwho/thathasbrokentheglass.5、強調句中的時態。如果原句中謂語動詞使用的是現在范疇的時態(一般現在時、現在進行時、現在完成/現在完成進行時、一般將來時、將來進行時、將來完成時等)，用Itisthat。如果原句中謂語動詞為過去范疇的時態(一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等)，則用Itwasthat。6、在復習中有可能把Itis/was…that句式都誤認為是強調句型的幾種情況：1）、把具有實際意義的指示代詞it后面接is/was…that誤認為是強調句式。---Wheredidyougettoknowher?

---Itwasonthefarm____weworked.A.that

B.there

C.which

D.where答案D。該句易誤作強調句型，所以A是強干擾項。這里whereweworked是定語從句，修飾thefarm。It指“與她相識”這件事。該題很容易受思維定勢的影響而拒絕選D，因為平日教學老師一再強調，用強調句型時即使強調地點狀語，也不能用where而用that。該句如果要用itwas…that強調句型的話，可改寫為“ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.”2）、把it指時間、天氣、距離、環境等后接be的情形誤以為是強調句型。Itwastwentymilesfromourcitytothevillage____theaccidenthappened.A.that

B.when

C.then

D.where答案D。本題貌似Itwas…that強調句型，其實不然。句中It表示距離，where引導地點狀語從句。3）、把Itis/was…that結構的主語從句誤認為是強調句型。1.TheForeignMinistersaid,“____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”A.Thisis

B.Thereis

C.Thatis

D.Itis答案D。如果選A和C，指示代詞This和That在句中找不出指代的內容，選B意義不通。故選D。雖然選Itis后題干中出現了Itis…that結構，但這不是強調句型。很明顯，題干中的that從句應是主語從句，所缺的是形式主語。7、強調句型Itis/was…that/who主要用來強調句子的主語、賓語、狀語或表語。如果要強調謂語動詞,應該用代動詞do及其變形does或did，這三種形式常用在謂語動詞之前，以加強語氣。它一般只能強調現在時與過去時。如：IdowishIcould.我真希望我能。Hedoeslookwell.他的確看起來氣色很好。Youdidgivemeafright.你真把我給嚇了一跳。考點：考查定語從句和強調句型二、完型填空19.Sportsarebynaturecompetitive.Butrecently,theover-competitivenatureyouthsportsseemtohavetakenonhasledtocausefor__1__.

Thosewhoarestronglyagainstcompetitionpointoutthatinacompetition,onlyonewinswhiletherest__2__.Theyarguethatcompetitionleadschildrentodefinethemselvesbytheoutcome,tyingtheirself-esteem(自尊心)upwiththeirabilityto__3__others.Theyfurtherarguethatcompetitioncausesanxiety,affectslearningandcauseschildrentoviewothersas__4__totheirsuccess.Competitionrestrictsparticipationand__5__success.A“win-at-all-costs”mentalitycancausechildrentopaylittleattentiontohonestyandfairplay.

Ontheoppositesideofthedebatearethosewhoviewcompetitionasa__6__partofAmericansociety.Theyarguethatplacingkidsinacompetitivesituationsuchassportshelpspreparethemfora(n)__7__lifeinoursocietythatisfullofcompetition.__8__isanormalpartofhumannatureandpartofeverydaylife.Otherarguments__9__competitivesportsarethattheyprovidechallenges,helpkidsdevelopskills,andteachthemhowtogetalongwithothers.

Thethirdsideofthisdebatesaysthatalittlecompetitioncan’tbethat__10__,aslongascompetitiondoesnotgetoutofhandandtakeona“win-at-all-costs”mentality.Theyclaimthatcompetitioninitselfisnotbadanditcanserveasa__11__ofsocialcomparison,necessaryforadolescentstoseehow__12__theyare.Theiradviceistointroducecompetition__13__whilefocusingmoreonmasteryandcooperationduringchildhood.Thegradualshifttowardcompetitionwillallowchildrentobuildskills,participatefully,andfocuson__14__ratherthanwinning.

Itisimportantthatyouconsiderallofthepossible__15__ofcompetitionbeforeyouputyourchildinacompetitivesituation.1.

A.alarm

B.concern

C.optimism

D.accident2.

A.follow

B.stop

C.fail

D.return3.

A.beat

B.change

C.study

D.control4.

A.tickets

B.barriers

C.roads

D.invitations5.

A.refuses

B.limits

C.imagines

D.stresses6.

A.healthy

B.popular

C.hard

D.missing7.

A.political

B.early

C.adult

D.daily8.

A.Disagreement B.Motivation

C.Difficulty

D.Competition9.

A.doubting

B.attacking

C.supporting

D.ignoring10.

A.necessary

B.bad

C.interesting

D.boring11.

A.sample

B.product

C.subject

D.means12.

A.unique

B.young

C.normal

D.skillful13.

A.gradually

B.eventually

C.widely

D.forcefully14.

A.observing

B.teaching

C.playing

D.growing15.A.benefits

B.outcomes

C.responsibilities

D.methods參考答案：略20.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從41--60各題所給的四個選項（A﹑B﹑C和D）中，選出一個最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Wemakealivingwithwhatweget,butwemakealifewithwhatwegive.

---WinstonChurchill

Iamwillingto

41

thissaying.Ihavebeen

42

attheBostonChildren’sHospitaleveryyearsinceIwasthirteen.Atthebeginning,Ionlywantedtogo

43

Iwouldgetpraiseforentertainingchildrenatthe

44

.Aftergivingmytimefortwomonths,my

45

changedcompletely.WhenIfirst

46

intothewaitingroomonthegroundfloor,Iwasvery

47

thatIwouldbespendingmyentiresummerwithkids.Asitbecame

48

formetoshowupeverydayat8a.m.,manykidsbeganto

49

me.Tomysurprise,Ibeganlookingforwardtoseeingtheir

50

facesaswell.Theywerealwaysenthusiasticabout

51

.MyheartwarmedeverytimeIheardtheir

52

voicesaskingmeforastoryorananswertoaquestion.Ifelt

53

andirreplaceable.(不可替代的).AsIlookback,Iseethe

54

thatthesespecialchildrenhavehadonme.ItisbecauseofthemthatIhave

55

adesiretobecomeapsychologist.Recently,Ihavevolunteeredforamonth.Ihavebeenaskedto

56

onmanydifferentfloorsbesidesthewaitingroom

57

Istarted.Thekidsonthefloorsaboveareusuallythereforalongertime.

58

theiranxietyanddesiretogetbetterandgohome,theyalwaysoffermea(n)

59

smile.IfeelrenewedafterspendingadaywiththembecauseIrealizethatthereismuchmoreto

60

thanmoney.Itismuchmoreimportanttoloveandtobeloved.41.A.know

B.believe

C.respect

D.understand42.A.livinging

B.studying

C.staying

D.volunteering43.A.unless

B.until

C.after

D.because44.A.hospital

B.school

C.room

D.building45.A.plan

B.style

C.opinion

D.life46.A.looked

B.stepped

C.turned

D.appeared47.A.happy

B.upset

C.nervous

D.worried48.A.special

B.curious

C.routine

D.hopeful49.A.notice

B.expect

C.watch

D.annoy50.A.foolish

B.bright

C.dirty

D.silent51.A.smiling

B.sleeping

C.learning

D.playing52.A.loud

B.crazy

C.eager

D.irritating53.A.valued

B.tired

C.disappointed

D.surprised54.A.expectation

B.dream

C.influence

D.love55.A.developed

B.remembered

C.worked

D.improved56.A.helpout

B.dropin

C.goaround

D.turnup57.A.what

B.which

C.where

D.that58.A.With

B.For

C.Against

D.Inspiteof59.A.willing

B.optimistic

C.sad

D.pitiful60.A.life

B.habit

C.nature

D.family參考答案：41---60BDDAC

BDCBB

CCACA

ACDBA略三、閱讀理解21.請閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

ScientistshavefoundthathumaneyesaremorelikelytobedamagedbyUVrays(紫外線)whileskiinginthesnow-coveredareasthansittingonthebeach,accordingtoareportbytheUKnewspaperTheTelegraph.TheresearchersatKanazawaMedicalUniversity,JapanandAmericancompanyJohnsonconductedthestudytogether.Theylookedattheeffectsoflightreflectiononnewlyfallensnowonaskitrail(aroughpath)inIshikawaDistrict,northernJapan.TheycomparedtheresultswiththelevelsofUVraysonasandbeachinsouthernJapan'sOkinawaDistrict.Theyfoundthatonthebeach,eyesareexposedtoadaily260kilojoules(千焦耳)ofUVasquaremetercomparedto658kilojoulesinsnow-coveredareas.ThefindingsaresupportedbytheJapanMeteorologicalAgency.Accordingtotheagency,thereflectionrateofUVlightonbeachesisoftenbetween10and25percent,comparedto80percentinthenewsnowareas.Theamountoflightincreased4percentwitha300-meterriseinheight.MostofusknowthatUVrayscanharmtheskin.That'swhywewearsunscreenonourskinbeforewegetoutinthesun.ButmanyofusmaynotrealizethatUVray