2022山西省長治市長鋼中學高三英語下學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Theworksofthatwell-knownartist,someof______recentlydisplayedinourmuseum,seemtohaveenjoyedgreatpopularity.A.whom

B.that

C.which

D.them參考答案：D考查獨立主格結構

句意：那位著名的藝術家的作品看上去很受歡迎，他的部分作品曾在我們博物館展出過。此題考查獨立主格結構與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別，此處是“主語+過去分詞”結構，表示二者之間的被動關系，故D項適合。2.

Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request______theschoollibrary_____morebooks_____popularscience.

A.that,provide,on

B.which,provides,aboutC.that,should,with

D.that,provides,on參考答案：A3.---Wewilltaketheconditionsintocarefulaccount______youhaveattachedtothiscontract.---Thanks.Hopeforfurthercooperation.A.as

B.which

C.where

D.what參考答案：B4.---Wouldshemindplayingagainstherformerteammates?---__________Sheiswillingtoplayagainstanytoughplayers.A.Ithinkso.

B.I’mnotsurprised.

C.Ofcourse.

D.Notlikely!參考答案：D5.Hiswifegavebirthtotheirfifthbabyaftertheygotmarried,whichseemedtohave________hissenseofresponsibility.A.broughtdown

B.broughtout

C.turneddown

D.turnedout參考答案：B6.Reportedly,yesterdayagroupofAmericansoldierswerewalkingalongtheroadinIraqwhenabombwas_______,threeofwhomwerekilled.

A.setoff

B.setout

C.setup

D.setabout參考答案：A略7.

Certaintrains_________calledoffduetotheterribleaccidentonJuly23rd,theyhadtogotherebyplane.

A.were

B.havingbeen

C.being

D.hadbeen參考答案：B8.Atpresentthesearch-and-rescueteamsaresufferinggreatpressureowingtothecontinual_______ofanycluetothemissingaircraft.

A.enterprise B.extension C.absence

D.advance參考答案：C9.Julieisoneofthosewomenwhoalways_____thelatestfashion.A.putupwith

B.keepupwithC.comeupwith

D.getonwith參考答案：B10.Someanimalprotectorsareseenasbeingtwo-facedaboutanimalwelfare

thewaytheytreatdomesticanimals.A.inneedof

B.inviewofC.insearchof

D.infavourof參考答案：B【詳解】考查介詞短語的辨析。句意：根據(jù)他們對待家養(yǎng)動物的方式。A.inneedof需要；B.inviewof以---看來，考慮到；C.insearchof尋找；D.infavourof支持。故選B。11.Teachershavetoconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessional________．A．consequence

B．independenceC．competence

D．intelligence參考答案：C試題分析：考查名詞辨析。句意：老師們要不斷地更新自己的知識以保持他們能夠勝任工作的能力。A.consequence結果B.independence獨立C.competence資格；能力；勝任，稱職D.intelligence智力，根據(jù)句意所以選C。12.—Whoisstandingoverthere？—Itmustbe___________fromtheExpressCompany.A.everybody

B.somebody

C.nobody

D.anybody參考答案：B13.—Idon'tknow

makesherdifferentfromothers.

—Confidence,Ithink.A.howisitthat

B.howitisthat

C.whatisitthat

D.whatitisthat參考答案：D考察強調句式。強調句的特殊疑問句用賓語從句中用陳述語序，可以排除A和C，又因后面從句中缺少主語，因此用what引導。14.Thestudysuggeststhatthecultureswegrowup_______influencethebasicprocessesbywhichweseeworldaroundus.A.on

B.in

C.at

D.about參考答案：B試題分析：句意：研究表明我們成長的文化影響我們看周圍世界的基本過程。Thecultures后面是定語從句，省略that，定語從句中cultures作賓語，那么還缺少一個介詞，和cultures搭配用介詞in，故選B。15.____peoplespendsomuchmoneyontheirpets____usalot.A.That;surprises

B.What;surprisingC.How;aresurprised

D.That;issurprised參考答案：A略16.Mydaughterreadsalotofbooks，_____fromcontemporarynovelstoancientpoems．A．havingranged

B．range

C．ranging

D．torange參考答案：C二、短文改錯17.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1）每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2）只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。DearKate,

Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.TheWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetitionwillheldinShanghaiattheendofJuly.Hearthatyouoncetookpartinthecompetitionlastyearandwonanaward,Iintendtoinviteyoutojoininourteaminthecomingcompetition.Iamsurethatyourinvolvementwillnotonlyhelpuswintheawardandalsostrengthenthefriendshipbetweenourschool.

Nowtheyarepreparingforthecompetitionactively.Becauseyouhadmoreexperiencethanus,Ialsosendyouourtrainingplan,aboutthatIwishtogetyouradvice.Wesincerehopethatwecanparticipateinacompetitionasteampartners.

I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua參考答案：8.【答案】①held之前加be

②Hear→Hearing

③joinin去掉in

④and→but

⑤school→schools

⑥they→we

⑦had→have

⑧that→which

⑨sincere→sincerely

⑩a→the

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇書信，作者真誠地邀請Kate加入自己的團隊，參加七月底在上海舉行的世界青少年機器人大賽。

（1）考查語態(tài)。句意：世界青少年機器人大賽將于七月底在上海舉行。“世界青少年機器人大賽”和“舉行”之間是被動關系，用被動語態(tài)，所以held之前加be。

（2）考查非謂語動詞。hear的邏輯主語是I，它們之間是主動關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語，所以Hear改成Hearing。

（3）考查介詞。joinin固定短語，“參加”，后接"活動"的詞語；join“加入”，賓語多是人或表示"某組織"的詞語，所以Joinin去掉in。

（4）考查連詞。句意：我相信你的參與不僅會幫助我們贏得這個獎項，而且會加強我們學校之間的友誼。notonly…butalso...，固定短語，“不僅.......，而且.......”，所以and改成but。

（5）考查名詞。句意：我相信你的參與不僅會幫助我們贏得這個獎項，而且會加強我們學校之間的友誼。“我們學校”是復數(shù)意義，用名詞復數(shù)，所以school改成schools。

（6）考查代詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，我們正在積極地為比賽做準備。文中表示“我們正在積極地為比賽做準備”，所以they改成we。

（7）考查時態(tài)。句意：因為你比我們更有經(jīng)驗，所以我也把我們的培訓計劃發(fā)給你，希望得到你的建議。表示主語現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以had改成have。

（8）考查定語從句。這里含有一個介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句，先行詞是ourtrainingplan，介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句，指物，只能用which，指人，只能用whom，所以that改成which。

（9）考查副詞。修飾動詞hope，用副詞，所以sincere改成sincerely。

（10）考查冠詞。句意：我們真誠地希望我們能作為團隊的伙伴參加這次比賽。文中特指“這次比賽”，所以a改成the。

【點評】本題考點涉及語態(tài)，非謂語動詞，介詞，連詞，名詞，代詞，時態(tài)，定語從句，副詞以及冠詞等多個知識點的考查，是一封書信，覆蓋面廣，綜合性強，難度較大，區(qū)分度高。三、閱讀理解18.GettinglesssleephasbecomeabadhabitformostAmericankids.Accordingtoanewsurvey(調查)bytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhavetogetupearly.LastyeartheFoundationreportedthatnearly60%of7-to12-year-oldssaidthattheyfelttiredduringtheday,and15%saidtheyhadfallenasleepatschool.Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.Babiesneedalotofrest:mostofthemsleepabout18hoursaday!Adultsneedabouteighthours.Formostschool-agechildren,tenhoursisideal(理想的).ButthenewNationalSleepFoundationsurveyfoundthat35%of10-to12-year-oldsgetonlysevenoreighthours.Andguesswhatalmosthalfofthesurveyedkidssaidtheydobeforebedtime?WatchTV.“MorechildrenaregoingtobedwithTVson,andtherearemoreopportunities(機會)tostayawake,withmorehomework,theInternetandthephone,”saysDr.MaryCarskadon,asleepresearcheratBrownUniversityMedicalSchool.Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalmdownandsleep.Otherexpertssaypartoftheproblemischemical.Changinglevelsofbodychemicalscalledhormonesnotonlymaketeenagers’bodiesdevelopadult

characteristics,butalsomakeithardforteenagerstofallasleepbefore11pm.Becausesleepinessissuchaproblemforteenagers,some

schooldistrictshavedecidedtostarthighschoolclasseslaterthantheyusedto.Threeyearsago,schoolsinEdina,Minnesota,changedthestarttimefrom7:25amto8:30am.Students,parentsandteachersarepleasedwiththeresults.25.WhatisthenewNationalSleepFoundationsurveyon?A.Americankids’sleepinghabits.

B.Teenagers’sleep-relateddiseases.C.Activitiestopreventsleeplessness.

D.Learningproblemsandlackofsleep.26.Howmanyhoursofsleepdo11-year-oldsneedeveryday?A.7hours.

B.8hours.

C.10hours.

D.18hours.27.WhydoteenagersgotosleeplateaccordingtoCarskadon?A.Theyareaffectedbycertainbodychemicals.B.Theytendtodothingsthatexcitethem.C.Theyfollowtheirparents’examples.D.Theydon’tneedtogotoschoolearly.參考答案：25-27.ACB19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。BELJLNG-EatingataBeijingrestaurantisusuallyanadventureforforeigners,andparticularlywhentheygetthechancetoorder“chickenwithoutsexlife”or“redburnedlionhead”.Sometimesexcitedbutmostlyconfused,embarrassedoreventerrified,manyforeignershavelongcomplainedaboutmistranslationsofChinesedishes.Andtheircomplaintsareoftenvalid,butsuchanexperienceatBeijing’srestaurantswillapparentlysoonbehistory.Foreignvisitorswillnolonger,hopefully,beconfusedbyoddlywordedrestaurantmenusinthecapitalifthegovernment’splantocorrectlytranslate3,000Chinesedishesisasuccessandthetranslationsaregenerallyadopted.Themunicipal（市政）officeofforeignaffairshaspublishedabooktorecommendEnglishtranslationsofChinesedishes,whichaimstohelprestaurantsavoidbizarretranslations.“ItprovidesthenamesofmaindishesoffamousChinesecuisinesinplainEnglish,”anofficialwiththecity’sForeignAffairsofficesaid.“Restaurantsareencouragedtousetheproposedtranslations,butitwillnotbecompulsory.”It’sthecity’slatestefforttobridgetheculturegapforforeigntravelersinChina.Comingupwithprecisetranslationsisadauntingtask,assomeChineseculinarytechniquesareuntranslatableandmanyChinesedisheshavenoEnglish-languageequivalent.Thetranslators,afterconductingastudyofChineserestaurantsinEnglish-speakingcountries,dividedthedishnamesintofourcategories:ingredients,cookingmethod,tasteandnameofapersonoraplace.Forsometraditionaldishes,pinyin,theChinesephoneticsystem,isused,suchasmapotofu(previouslyoftenliterallytranslatedas“beancurdmadebywomanwithfreckles”),baozi(steamedstuffedbun)andjiaozi(dumplings)to“reflecttheChinesecuisineculture,”accordingtothebook.“Thebookisablessingtotouristguideslikeme.Havingit,Idon’thavetorackmybrainstryingtoexplainChinesedishestoforeigntravellers,”saidZhengXiaodong,a31-year–oldemployewithaBeijing-basedtravelagency.“IwillbuythebookasImajorinEnglishliteratureandI’dliketointroduceChinesecuisineculturetomoreforeignfriends,”saidHanYang,apostgraduatestudentattheUniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics.Itisnotclearifthebookwillbeintroducedt