第十章冠詞

△冠詞講解△一、定義與分類冠詞是用于名詞前用以說明該名詞含義的限定詞。冠詞分為不定冠詞、定冠詞和零冠詞三類。不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式，其中a用于輔音音素前，an用于元音音素前；定冠詞只有the一種形式；零冠詞，其實指的就是既不用定冠詞，也不用不定冠詞的情況。【例1】________honestboynamedJackisstudyingin________Europeanuniversity.A．A；an B．An；aC．A；不填 D．An；不填答案B二、不定冠詞的主要用法1．泛指某一類人或物中的任何一個。【例2】________T(t)igerisatypeofverylargefiercewildcatthathasyellowfurwithblackbandsacross.A．AB．OneC．不填答案A【例3】________S(s)quarehasfoursides.A．OneB．AC．不填答案B2．籠統指某類中的某一個，但又不具體說明是哪一個。【例4】Georgecouldn'trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson，buthewassureitwas________Sundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A．theB．不填C．a答案C3．表示數量“一”(但不與two，three等相對比)。【例5】Romeisnotbuiltin________day.A．aB．theC．不填答案A【例6】Iwillreturnin________dayortwo.A．theB．aC．不填D．one答案B4．表示價錢、時間、速度等的“每一”(＝per)。【例7】Iearned10dollars________day.A．aB．anC．theD．不填答案A【例8】Thespeedlimitonthisroadcan'tbeover120kilometers________hour.A．theB．aC．anD．不填答案C5．用于序數詞前表示“又一”、“再一”。【例9】Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall，youneverget________secondchancetomake________firstimpression.(2010·北京卷)A．a；the B．the；theC．a；a D．the；a答案C6．在某些物質名詞前表示“一杯(罐，瓶)等”。【例10】Wouldyouliketohave________drink?A．aB．theC．不填答案A

【例11】Iespeciallywant________coldbeerinsuchhotweather.A．aB．theC．不填答案A7．用于具體化了的抽象名詞前。【例12】—Whatdoyouthinkoftheparty?—Ishouldsayitwas________success.A．aB．theC．不填答案A【例13】It's________pleasuretodrinkacoldbeerinsummer.A．aB．theC．不填答案A8．在專有名詞前表示“某一個”、“類似的一個”。【例14】Hi，John.________Mr.Smithiswaitingforyououtside.A．aB．theC．one答案A【例15】Heisdreamingofbecoming________Luxun.A．aB．theC．不填D．one答案A9．用于of短語中表示“相同”(＝thesame)。【例16】Thetwoproblemsareof________kind.A．aB．theC．不填答案A【例17】TomandKateareof________age.A．aB．theC．不填D．an答案D三、定冠詞的主要用法1．表示特指。【例18】Wouldyouliketobesokindastohelpmeopen________window?A．aB．theC．不填答案B【例19】Whydon'tyouempty________dustbin?A．aB．theC．不填答案B2．表示獨一無二的人或事物。【例20】________M(m)oonisoftenquotedinpoets'poems.A．AB．TheC．不填答案B3．表示方向或方位的名詞前。【例21】On________leftofthewallisamapofChina.A．aB．theC．不填答案B【例22】Thebuildinglies________eastofthesquare.A．aB．theC．不填答案C4．用于單數名詞前表示類別。【例23】________M(m)onkeyisacleveranimal.A．AnB．TheC．不填答案B注：有時用于形容詞或分詞前表示類別。【例24】________strongshouldtakepityon________weak.A．A；aB．The；theC．A；theD．The；a答案B5．用于序數詞或最高級前。【例25】He'salways________firsttocometotheclassroom.A．aB．theC．不填答案B【例26】Thisis________mostwonderfulfilmIhaveeverseen.A．aB．theC．不填答案B注：表示名次的序數詞前的定冠詞以及副詞最高級前的定冠詞通常可省。【例27】Hewon________firstprizeinthecompositioncontest.A．aB．theC．不填答案B/C【例28】Sheruns________fastestinherclass.A．aB．theC．不填答案B/C6．用于西洋樂器名詞前。【例29】Hepractisesplaying________violin8hoursaday.A．aB．theC．不填答案B7．用于姓氏的復數前。【例30】Couldyoutellmethewayto________Johnsons'，please?A．aB．theC．不填答案B8．用來代替前面已提到的人的身體部位或衣著等的一部分。【例31】Ihaveapainin________head.A．aB．theC．不填答案B【例32】Hecaughtheron________collar.A．aB．theC．不填答案B9．用于年代的數詞前。【例33】In________1980's，Chinachangedalot.A．aB．theC．anD．不填答案B10．用于江、河、湖、洋、山等前。【例34】________WestLakeisaveryfamousplaceofinterestinChina.A．AB．TheC．不填答案B【例35】________PacificOceanisthelargestoceanintheworld.A．AB．TheC．不填答案B11．用于由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前。【例36】OnMay5,2005，at________WorldTableTennisChampionship，KongLinghuiandWangHaowonthegoldmedalinmen'sdoubleswithascoreof4∶1.A．aB．theC．不填答案B四、零冠詞的用法1．用于泛指的季節、月份、星期及三餐等名稱前。【例37】Everythingcomestolifein________spring.A．aB．theC．不填答案C【例38】Whatdoyouusuallyhavefor________breakfast?A．aB．theC．不填答案C2．用于棋類、球類和游戲以及含day的節日前。【例39】Helikesplaying________chessverymuch.A．aB．theC．不填答案C【例40】On________Teachers'Day，teachersoftenreceivemanygreetings.A．aB．theC．不填答案C3．用于作表語、補語、同位語的唯一職位名詞前。【例41】Mr.Blackis________directorofthecommittee.A．aB．theC．不填答案C【例42】Hewaselected________monitorofourclass.A．aB．theC．不填答案C4．用于表示“變成”的turn，go等后作表語的單數名詞前。【例43】Hewas________teacherbeforeheturned________writer.A．a；a B．不填；aC．不填；不填 D．a；不填答案D5．用于讓步倒裝的單數可數名詞前。【例44】________H(h)erothoughheis，hehassomeshortcomings.A．AB．TheC．不填答案C【例45】________Y(y)oungmanasheis，hehasseenmuchoftheworld.A．AB．TheC．不填答案C6．用于akind(sort，type，variety...)of后的名詞前。【例46】Thereareavarietyof________fishesintheocean.A．aB．theC．不填答案C【例47】Bambooisakindof________grass.A．aB．theC．不填答案C7．用于某些表示學習、生活、娛樂等的單數名詞前，表示相關的活動。若不是指活動，而是指具體的實物，則要用冠詞。【例48】Mrs.Smithwentto________prisontoseehersonsentto________prisonbecauseofhistheft.A．the；the B．the；不填C．不填；the D．不填；不填答案B8．用于某些用介詞by構成的表示方式的短語中。【例49】Ioftencommunicatewithmypenfriendby________letter.A．aB．theC．不填答案C【例50】Thescarfismadeby________hand.A．aB．theC．不填答案C9．用于表示泛指或一般意義的物質名詞、抽象名詞、專有名詞、復數名詞等之前。【例51】________W(w)ateristhesourceoflife.A．AB．TheC．不填答案C【例52】________K(k)nowledgebeginswith________practice.A．The；theB．不填；theC．不填；不填D．The；不填答案C【例53】________arethewindowsofsoul.A．Eyes B．TheeyesC．Aneye D．Theeye答案A10．用于某些獨立主格結構中。【例54】Thelittlegirlisveryhappy，________floweronhead.A．aB．theC．不填答案C五、冠詞的位置在通常情況下，冠詞放在名詞前，若名詞前帶有形容詞等修飾語，則放在相應的修飾語前。【例55】Heis________engineerandsheis________girl.A．an；anhonest B．an；honestaC．a；anhonest D．a；honesta答案A但以下幾種情況比較特殊，需引起注意：1．若修飾名詞的形容詞受too，so，as，how，however等副詞的修飾，則通常將不定冠詞置于形容詞后、名詞之前。【例56】Yaomingisso________thathecanreachtheshelfeasily.A．tallamanB．atallman答案A【例57】Heistoo________todresshimself.A．youngachildB．ayoungchild答案A【例58】Sheisas________ashermother.A．prettyawomanB．aprettywoman答案A2．若單數可數名詞前有such，what，many等詞修飾，不定冠