Unit4HesaidIwashard-working.Directspeech直接引語

Reportedspeech間接引語.直接引述別人的話，要加引號用自己的話轉述別人的話，不用引號直接引語變間接引語，即變為賓語從句主要需要注意以下五點：1.賓語從句必須用陳述語序。2.主句時態決定從句時態：如果主句為一般現在時，從句可以用任何時態（原題給的啥時態就用啥時態）；如果主句為一般過去式，從句必須要用所給時態的對應的過去式。3.引導詞。4.人稱的轉換。5.時間狀語的轉換。1.

陳述句直接引語如果是陳述句，變為間接引語時，用連詞that引導（that在口語中常省略）一般現在時

Hesaid,“I‘mafraidIcan’tfinishthiswork.”

現在進行時Hesaid,“I'meatinganapple.”

一般將來時

Tomsaidtome“I’llgotoShanghainextweek”一般過去時過去進行時過去將來時→Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn‘tfinishthatwork.→

Hesaidthathewaseatinganapple.

TomtoldmethathewouldgotoShanghaithenextweek.

2.直接引語如果是疑問句，變為間接引語時，要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。

1）一般疑問句。用whether或if引導。主句中的動詞是said時改為asked，沒有間接賓語的，可以加一個間接賓語。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

Eg.“Are

you

sorry

for

what

you

have

done?”the

mother

asked

the

boy.

He

askedme

whether

I

was

a

student.

The

mother

asked

the

boy

if

he

was

sorry

for

what

he

had

done.

The

father

asked

his

son

where

he

was

going.

2）特殊疑問句。仍用原來的疑問詞引導。Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

the

father

asked

his

son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”3.祈使句。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth

Eg.“Write

your

names

on

your

papers

first,”

theteacher

said

to

us.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.

The

teacher

told

us

to

write

our

names

on

our

papers

first.直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內在規律，時間狀語由“現在”改為“原來”。（例：now變為then,

yesterday變為

the

day

before,today變為thatdayHesaid,“Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地點狀語，尤其表示方向性的，

here變there

Theteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”

→TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼”

例：this

改為thatHe

said,

"This

books

is

mine.“

→He

said

that

book

was

his.thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweek如果主句是一般現在時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的時態不變。Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthathe’snotgoodatmath.1.“You

should

be

more

careful

next

time,”

his

father

said

to

him.2.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

for

Shanghai

on

business

next

month.”3.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

that

you

left

here.”His

father

told

him

that

he

should

be

more

careful

the

next

time.

Mr.

Wang

said

that

he

would

leave

for

Shanghai

on

business

the

next

month.She

told

him

that

it

was

time

that

he

left

there.

練習注：

(1)如果在當天轉述today,yesterday,tomorrow等時間狀語也不必改變。

(2)如果在當地轉述，here不必改為there，動詞come不必改為go.(3)當轉述客觀真理時，直接引語變為間接引語時，時態不變。如：

Hesaid,"Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound."

Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(4)為了表示引述的狀態和情況到現在仍然是事實時，也經常用一般現在時。

Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.

練一練1.Shesaid,“IoftengotothebeachonSunday.”Shesaid________________________tothebeach…2.Hesaidtome,“Areyoulearningdancing?”He_____me___________________learningdancing.3.MrZhangsaid,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”MrZhangsaid_____light______fasterthansound.4.“WheredoesLindacomefrom?”sheasked.Sheasked__________________from.5.Ourteachersaidtous,“Cometoschoolearly.”Ourteacher______us____________toschoolearly.thatsheoftenwentaskedifIwasthattravelswhereLindacametoldtocome練一練6.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?→Couldyoutellus_____Mr.Brown_______livinginChina?

7."Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme______thegirl_________somehelp．

8.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.→Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.9.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.→LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.10..Howdoeshegetonwithhisnewclassmates?Couldyoutellme?→

Couldyoutellmehow___________onwith______newclassmates?

ifenjoysifneededwhenleavesifcamehegetshis相信你能行1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.2.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are3.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay

4.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that

5.Pleasetellme______lastyear.

A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked

6.Hesaid____therewasgoingtobeameetingthatevening.

A.whatB.ifC.thatD.how7.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhoseA.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtakeACBCDCC自我測試1.Idon'tknow______thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.whetherhe'llcomeD.ifhecomes

2.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where3.Tomaskedmyfriend________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry4.Letmetellyou________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar5.Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafterCDDDATheradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)ityesterday.Hesaidthatthey____________TVatninelastnight.(watch)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________aboutYaoMingnow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbegoes

wereplaying

returned

waswatching

travelsaretalkingwere

weredoing10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebooklastnight?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_______toLondonlastyear.(go)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wrote

moves

took

wentrisesdid將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Coul