Unit4UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSExpressfeelingsanddescribesituationsTolearntousethepastparticiplesastheattributeand

theobjectcomplement.2.Tobeabletowriteastoryordescribesituationsbyusing

thepastparticiples.Whatisthepastparticiple?abrokenheartaninjured

mancrowdedbuses1

Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnited

Kingdom”or“theUK”.

2

Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,…3TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,…Lookatthesentencesandunderlinethepastparticiples.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.Thenfindmoresentenceswiththe-edforminthetext.astheattributeastheattributeastheattributeastheobjectcomplementPastParticiplesastheAttribute(2)visitors______ofthelongwait/…atrip_________wellbymyworkplace/…stars________beautifullyattheevent/…Completethephrasesintherightcolumnbyusingthepastparticiplesintheleftcolumn.Comparethemeaningofeachpairofphrases.Thenmakesentenceswiththephrases.PastParticiplesastheAttribute(1)tiredvisitorsawell-organisedtripbeautifullydressedstars·tiredorganiseddressed過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示被動的、完成的動作，賓語補足語與賓語之間常常存在邏輯上的動賓關系，即賓語是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者。

egHegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.

Unfortunatelyhehadhislegbrokenyesterday.一、thepastparticiples過去分詞(短語)作賓語補足語常接過去分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有感官動詞，如watch,see,observe,look,hear,listen,find,notice等；使役動詞如make,get,have,keep,leave等。

egIwatchedthedeskcarriedoutoftheclassroom.

Themanfoundhishometownentirelydestroyed.

Mymotherhasherhaircuteverytwomonths.

Wemustgettheworkfinishedbefore6o’clock.

Thespeakerdidn’tknowhowtomakehimselfunderstood.

want,order等表示希望、命令等意義的動詞后也常跟過去分詞作賓語補足語。

egAllofuswantedsuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.

Themanagerorderedtheproblemsettledassoonas

possible.介詞with后也可接過去分詞作賓語補足語，構成with復合結構。

egWithmoreflowersplanted,thegardenlooksmuchmore

beautiful.

現在分詞、過去分詞、不定式作賓語補足語有什么區別？Isawhimgetoffthebus.Isawhimlyingontheroad.Isawhimknockeddownbyacar.do主動，全過程done被動，完成doing主動，進行Readthesentencesandunderlinethe-edformastheobjectcomplement.1JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.2Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.3Wefoundourselvesverysurprisedbythelargenumberofvisitorsandtheamountofnoiseattheentranceofthe

NationalGallery.4JudyhadhereyesfixedonVanGogh’sSunflowers.Itwas

hardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeople

around.5Shehadacopyofthepaintingboxedtoensurethatitwas

deliveredsafely.PracticeYouareapolicemanwritingareportaboutahousethathasbeenbrokeninto.Usethepastparticiplebelowastheobjectcomplementtodescribewhatyoufound.steal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insureReportofaHouseBreak-inat26MountPleasantRoad,CambridgeWhenIenteredthehouseIfoundthetelephone_____________,thewindows________andthedoor________.Iwasovercomebythesmell.disconnectedbrokenopenedPracticeIhadtogetthekitchen________,thecooker_______andthefloor________beforeIcouldlookintotheproblem.MrsSmithhadhadthehouse________and______afewmonthsagosoitshouldhavebeensafe.Nobodyshouldhavebeenabletoenterwithoutpermission.Ihadthelocks________andthewindows__________beforeIleft.MrsSmithwasverygrateful.cleanedrepairedwashedsteal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insurelockedmendedcheckedexaminedPracticeShehadonlyhadthreevaluablejewels______andasshehadhadthem_________shewasnottooupset.Shethinksthegardenermayhavestolenakeyandbethepersonwhobrokeintothehouse.Signed:PoliceConstableStephenBriggsDate:21/9/2021steal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insureinsuredstolen二、thepastparticiples過去分詞(短語)作定語過去分詞短語作定語時位于被修飾詞之后，即后置定語，而單個過去分詞作定語時一般前置；過去分詞作定語時和被修飾詞之間是被動關系；當過去分詞是像state-owned,heart-felt,hand-made等這樣的復合形式，或者前面有副詞修飾時，一般放在被修飾詞前面作前置定語。及物動詞的過去分詞作定語被修飾詞與過去分詞為被動關系且表示動作已完成或描述狀態Heisateacherlovedby

hisstudents.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語沒有被動意義，只表示動作已完成Therelivedaretiredteacherinthearea.Rewritethesentenceswithpastparticlesastheattribute,andthenseewhetheryoucanwritealittlestorywiththem.1LochNesswassurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscape,whichmadeitlookamazing.LochNesssurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscapelooksamazing.2Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilywhooffered

thembreadwithbutterandhoneythatwashomemade.Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilywhoofferedthemhomemadebreadwithbutterandhoney.3Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtosoldierswhowerewoundedintheFirstWorldWar.Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtowoundedsoldiersintheFirstWorldWar.4TheyoungpeoplewereattractedbythelegendofLochNess.Theywatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinoculars,whichwerepositionedonthehill.TheyoungpeopleattractedbythelegendofLochNesswatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinocularspositionedonthehill.1.

JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.

chargev.

totakeinandstoreelectricity充電tostateofficiallythatsbmaybeguiltyofacrime控告toasksbforaparticularamountofmoneyforsthyou

areselling收費

egThehotelcharges$125anight.Gibbonshasbeenchargedwithmurder.【歸納】takechargeof

負責管理/照顧chargesb.withsth.

指控某人犯……罪inchargeof

負責,主管chargesb.for(doing)sth.

收取某人(做)……的費用inthechargeof

由……負責freeofchargechargen.v.forfree免費chargen.

收費;指控;主管【語境應用】完成句子。1)Yourorderwillbedelivered_____________(免費)withinaten-milelimit.2)Theychargedmefivedollars______acupofcoffee.3)Theprojectis________________(在……掌管之下)anexperiencedengineer.4)Themanarrestedbythepolice________________(被指控)stealing.5)Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswas_________(要價，收費).waschargedwithfreeofchargeforinthechargeofcharged2.

JudyhadhereyesfixedonVanGogh’sSunflowers.Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.

approachv.

tomovetowardsornearertosborsth接近;靠近

todealwithsth著手處理

tospeakto,writeto,orvisitsbinordertodosth

接洽

eg

I’mnotsurehowtoapproachtheproblem.She’sbeen

approached

byamodellingagency.

approachn.

接近;方法;途徑【歸納】1)approachsb.for/aboutsth.

要求某人(做)……

beapproaching快到了；正在接近2)attheapproachof

在快到……的時候

makeanapproach/approachesto

接近；逼近；交涉；對……進行探討

approachto

接近，近似，約等于；

(做某事)的方法(途徑)【語境應用】單句語法填空。1)______________(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastone