Lesson39

AmIAllRight?

1Lesson39

AmIAllRight?

1Review1.except,exceptfor,besides,apartfrom,inadditionto.2.說出日出,日落,黎明,黃昏,的單詞。3.continuously:連續不斷地/continually:連續地,頻繁地(時斷時續)continuetodo(doing)繼續做某事。4.Complainabout和complainof5.Asif、Eventhough，【nosooner…than…&hardly…when…】2Review1.except,exceptfor,bWhileJohnGilbertwasinhospital,heaskedhisdoctortotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensuccessful,butthedoctorrefusedtodoso.Thefollowingday,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Whenhewasalone,hetelephonedthehospitalexchangeandaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredthephone,Mr.Gilbertsaidhewasinquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.JohnGilbert.HeaskedifMr.John’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.HethenaskedwhenMr.Gilbertwouldbeallowedtogohomeandthedoctortoldhimthathewouldhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.ThenDr.Millingtonaskedthecallerifhewasarelativeofthepatient.‘No,’thepatientanswered,‘IamMr.JohnGilbert.’3WhileJohnGilbertwasinhospOperationn.1.[外科]手術surgeryinternalmedicine2.操作，作業3.經營，管理；營業；企業Phrases:inoperation生效；運轉著normaloperation正常運行，常規操作operationprinciple經營理念Haveanoperation做手術Infact,youcancreateasuccessfulplanforyourbusinessinjustoneday.實際上，你在一天之內就可以制作一個成功的事業戰略計劃。4OperationPhrases:Infact,youSuccessfuln.成功的，一帆風順的Phrases:successfulin在…成功的Others:Successn.成功Succeedv.成功Successionn.連續；繼位；繼承權Asuccessionof一系列Successorn.繼承者Nordoeshehaveanobvioussuccessorasleader.目前也沒有明顯的繼任者可以接替他的職務。5SuccessfulPhrases:Others:NoFollowingadj.下面的；其次的，接著的n.下列事物；一批追隨者v.跟隨；沿行（follow的ing形式）prep.在…之后，接著Phrases:inthefollowing在下面；在下文中immediatelyfollowing緊跟著followingsystem跟蹤系統followinginorder循序6FollowingPhrases:6Patientadj.1.忍耐的；容忍的2.堅忍的；耐心的3.沉著的；不急躁的4.耐心等待的；顯出有耐心的5.勤快的；孜孜不倦的n.

1.病人；患者

2.受動著；承受者Whatisbestgiftadoctorcangivetohispatient?一個醫生能給他病人的最好禮物是什么？7PatientWhatisbestgiftadocPhrases:patientof能忍受patientwith對……有耐心patientcare病患照顧patientsafety病人安全mentalpatient精神病人Asanurse,yououghttobeverypatientwithyourpatients.作為一名護士，你應該對病人十分耐心。8Phrases:Asanurse,yououghtaloneadj.1.孤零的，孤單的2.單獨的；孤獨的adv.1.孤零地，孤單地，孤獨地2.單獨地3.獨自地；孤立無援地4.只，只有；僅僅Phrases:letalone更不必說；聽任；不打擾standalone孤立；獨一無二alonewith與…一起9alonePhrases:9Exchangevt.1.換，更換，調換，掉換：Moststorewillallowthecustomerstoexchangetheirgoods.2.換回，換來，換取3.把…換成；用…交換；兌換(for)I'dliketoexchangethisdressforoneinasmallersize.4.交換，互換，輪換(with)：10Exchange10Exchangevi.1.交換，替換；交易；進行易貨貿易3.調換，調換職務(或位置）n.

1.交易，貿易；易貨貿易；交流2.交換，互換3.代替；替換，更換，調換，轉換adj.(被)交換的，互相交換的，互換的；交流的；兌換的11Exchange11Inquirevt.問，打聽，詢問vi.

1.問，打聽，詢問2.調查，查問(常與into連用)Phrases:inquireinto調查，探究inquireabout詢問，查問；打聽inquireof詢問；打聽inquirefor求見；要找inquireafter問候；詢問起12InquirePhrases:12I'dliketoinquireaboutthejobforsalesmanager.我想詢問一下銷售經理這個職位的情況。It'sthesecretary'sjobtoinquireabouttheflightsforthemanager.為經理查詢有關航班的情況是秘書的職責。13I'dliketoinquireaboutthecertainadj.1.確鑿的，毫無疑問的2.確定的；固定的3.必定的，必然的4.可靠的，可信賴的pron.某些；某幾個Phrases:acertainextent一定程度上acertaindegree到某種程度forcertain肯定地；確鑿地certainlevel某一水平14certainPhrases:14Relativeadj.1.相互有關的；休戚與共的2.與…有關的；相關的3.比較而言的4.相對的n.親戚Evenitssuccessesareonlyrelative.即使成功也只是相對的。Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.這是我送給家鄉一位親戚的禮物。15RelativeEvenitssuccessesar

Havemyoperationbeen

__________________?

successful

成功Heaskedthedoctortotellhimsuccesssuccessfully

succeed

whether

hisoperationhadbeen

successful

beinhospitaloperatepatientJohnGilbert16HavemyoperationbeenThedoctorrefusetodoso.

Iamsorry.Ican’ttellyouaboutthat.1.refusetodosth.2.refuse反義詞accept17Thedoctorrefusetodoso.IHeaskedforabedsidetelephone.abedsidetelephoneaskforThefollowingdaybealonelonely獨自的孤獨的；偏僻的alonelyislandHehasnofriends,sohefeellonely.18Heaskedforabedsidetelephotelephonecallsbcallsbupasksbtodosth.MayIspeaktodoctorMillington?askforThehospitalexchangeasksbtonotdosth.19telephonecallsbcallsbupaskI’minquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.John.inquire詢問；打聽Whatdidhesay?he

_______inquiringaboutacertainpatient.Hesaidwas‘HasMrGilbet’soperationbeensuccessful?’Whatdidheask?Heasked_________Mr.Gilbet’soperation______successful.if/whetherhadbeen20I’minquiringaboutacertainWhatdidthedoctortellhim？‘Yes,Ithasbeensucceessful’ithadbeensuccessful.Hetoldhim___________________Whenwillheallowedtogohome?Whatdidheask?Heasked_____whenhe_____beallowedtogohomewould21Whatdidthedoctortellhim？‘Hewillhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.Thedoctortoldhim______he_____________stayinhospitalforanothertwodays.Whatdidthedoctortellhim?Areyouarelativeofthepatient?WhatdidtheDr.Millingtonask?Heasked___he____arelativeofthepatient.thatwouldhavetowasifNo.IamMr.JohnGilbert.Whatdidthepatientsayatlast?22Hewillhavetostayinhospit直接引語變間接引語23直接引語變231、人稱的轉變

1）直接引語中的第一人稱一般轉換為第三人稱如：Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”——>Hesaidthathewasverysorry.2）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對轉述人說的，轉換為第一人稱如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——>MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.241、人稱的轉變243）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉換成第三人稱。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”——>Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.4）人稱的轉換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”253）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉換成——>HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.總之，人稱的轉換不是固定的，具體情況，具體對待，要符合邏輯。

2、時態的轉換直接引語改為間接引語時，主句中的謂語動詞如果是過去時，從句（即間接引語部分）的謂語動詞在時態方面要作相應的變化，變成過去時范疇的各種時態（實際也是賓語從句的時態要求），變化如下：

26——>HeaskedmewhetherIwoul

直接引語間接引語

一般現在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時現在進行時過去進行時現在完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時

27直接引語間接引語273、直接引語變成間接引語時，從句時態無須改變的情況1）當主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時的時候，如：

Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”——>Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.2）當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”——>Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.

3）當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀語時283、直接引語變成間接引語時，從句時態無須改變的情況28如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”

——>Hetoldusthathewenttocollegein1994.

4）當直接引語中有以when,while引導的從句，表示過去的時間時，如：Hesaid，“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”——>Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.5）當直接引語是客觀真理或自然現象時，29如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollege如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”——>Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

6）當引語是諺語、格言時，如：Hesaid，“Practicemakesperfect.”——>Hesaidthatpracticemakesperfect.7）當直接引語中有情態動詞should,would,could,hadbetter,wouldrather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need時

30如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Li如：Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”——>Sheaskedifshehadtotakethemedicine.

〔注〕：此處用hadto代替must更好8）此外轉述中的變化要因實際情況而定，不能機械照搬，如果當地轉述，here不必改為there,動詞come不必改為go，如果當天轉述yesterday,tomorrow,thisafternoon等均不必改變。4、時間狀語、地點狀語及某些對比性的指示代詞和動詞變化

31如：Sheasked,“MustItakethe1）時間狀語：直接引語（間接引語）

now（then）；

today(thatday）；

tomorrow（thenext/followingday）

nextweek（thenext/followingweek）

yesterday（thedaybefore）

twodaysago（twodaysbefore）

thisweek/month/year(thatweek/month/year)

2）指示代詞：these變成those

321）時間狀語：323）地點狀語：here變成there

Shesaid,“Iwon'tcomehereanymore.”——>Shesaidthatshewouldn’tgothereanymore.

4）動詞：come變成go，bring變成take333）地點狀語：here變成there335、直接引語變間接引語，句子結構的變化1）陳述句。用連詞that引導，that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直用接引語中的said,也可用told來代替，注意，可以說saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接說toldthat,

345、直接引語變間接引語，句子結構的變化34如：Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”——>HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”——>HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.（不可說toldthat）35如：Hesaid,“Ihavebeentoth2）直接引語為一般疑問句，（也稱是否疑問句，）間接引語用連詞whether或if引導，原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked（me/him/us等），語序是陳述句的語序，這一點非常重要。如：Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”——>Heasked（me）whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.362）直接引語為一般疑問句，（也稱是否疑問句，）間接引語用連詞

3）直接引語為選擇疑問句，間接引語用whether…or…表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….如：Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.37374）直接引語為特殊疑問句，改成間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask（sb.）來表達，語序改為陳述句語序。如：Heasked，“What'syourname?”——>Heasked（me）whatmynamewas.5）直接引語為祈使句時，改為間接引語，用帶to的不定式表達，謂語動詞常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如asksb.todo，（由肯定祈使句變成）asksb.nottodo（由否定祈使句轉變），并且在不定式短語中的時間狀語、地點384）直接引語為特殊疑問句，改成間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間狀語、人稱及時態都作相應的變化。如：Hesaid，“Beseated,please.”——>Heaskedustobeseated.6）有些含有“建議”——>、“勸告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等動詞轉述，如：Hesaid,“Let'shavearest.”——>Hesuggestedourhavingarest7）當直接引語形式上是疑問句，有表示請求，建議意義時，可用asksb.todosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.等形式轉述。39狀語、人稱及時態都作相應的變化。39如：“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked.——>Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.

8）直接引語是感嘆句時，變間接引語可用what或how引導，也可用that引導，如：Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”——>Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.

或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.40如：“Wouldyoumindopeningthe練習答案：dacddabaccab41練習答案：41EXCERSICE1、Sheaskedme_____mymotherlikedtheblueone.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.where2、Hesaidthathe______agoodjourney.A.hasB.willhaveC.hadD.haveAC42EXCERSICE1、Sheaskedme_____EXCERSICE3、Kateansweredthatshe____herhomework.A.finishB.finishesC.hasfinishedD.hadfinished4、Hesaidthathe___TVatthattime.A.waswatchingB.watchesC.watchingD.haswatchedDA43EXCERSICE3、KateansweredthatEXCERSICE5、HeaskedLucy_____sheneededsomemoretea.A.ifB.whereC.thatD.what6、Idon’tknow____tovisittheoldmanornot.A.weatherB.ifC.whetherD.thatAC44EXCERSICE5、HeaskedLucy_____EXCERSICE7、”You’vegotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.Sheasked______.A.ifIhavealreadygotwellB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwellB45EXCERSICE7、”You’vegotwell,EXCERSICE8、”Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.Heaskedme______.A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilmC.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilmD46EXCERSICE8、”HaveyouseentheEXCERSICE9、Sheasked____forthecomputer.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpaidD.howmuchIpaidD47EXCERSICE9、Sheasked____forEXCERSICE1、”Iamgoingtoseeafilmtomorrow”shesaid.2、”Whatdidyoubuyyesterday“sheaskedme.48EXCERSICE1、”IamgoingtoseeEXCERSICE3、”Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?”Iaskedhim.

4、”Didyoucatchthebusyesterday?”heaskedme.49EXCERSICE3、”HowmanystudentsBye-bye!50Bye-bye!50Lesson39

AmIAllRight?

51Lesson39

AmIAllRight?

1Review1.except,exceptfor,besides,apartfrom,inadditionto.2.說出日出,日落,黎明,黃昏,的單詞。3.continuously:連續不斷地/continually:連續地,頻繁地(時斷時續)continuetodo(doing)繼續做某事。4.Complainabout和complainof5.Asif、Eventhough，【nosooner…than…&hardly…when…】52Review1.except,exceptfor,bWhileJohnGilbertwasinhospital,heaskedhisdoctortotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensuccessful,butthedoctorrefusedtodoso.Thefollowingday,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Whenhewasalone,hetelephonedthehospitalexchangeandaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredthephone,Mr.Gilbertsaidhewasinquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.JohnGilbert.HeaskedifMr.John’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.HethenaskedwhenMr.Gilbertwouldbeallowedtogohomeandthedoctortoldhimthathewouldhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.ThenDr.Millingtonaskedthecallerifhewasarelativeofthepatient.‘No,’thepatientanswered,‘IamMr.JohnGilbert.’53WhileJohnGilbertwasinhospOperationn.1.[外科]手術surgeryinternalmedicine2.操作，作業3.經營，管理；營業；企業Phrases:inoperation生效；運轉著normaloperation正常運行，常規操作operationprinciple經營理念Haveanoperation做手術Infact,youcancreateasuccessfulplanforyourbusinessinjustoneday.實際上，你在一天之內就可以制作一個成功的事業戰略計劃。54OperationPhrases:Infact,youSuccessfuln.成功的，一帆風順的Phrases:successfulin在…成功的Others:Successn.成功Succeedv.成功Successionn.連續；繼位；繼承權Asuccessionof一系列Successorn.繼承者Nordoeshehaveanobvioussuccessorasleader.目前也沒有明顯的繼任者可以接替他的職務。55SuccessfulPhrases:Others:NoFollowingadj.下面的；其次的，接著的n.下列事物；一批追隨者v.跟隨；沿行（follow的ing形式）prep.在…之后，接著Phrases:inthefollowing在下面；在下文中immediatelyfollowing緊跟著followingsystem跟蹤系統followinginorder循序56FollowingPhrases:6Patientadj.1.忍耐的；容忍的2.堅忍的；耐心的3.沉著的；不急躁的4.耐心等待的；顯出有耐心的5.勤快的；孜孜不倦的n.

1.病人；患者

2.受動著；承受者Whatisbestgiftadoctorcangivetohispatient?一個醫生能給他病人的最好禮物是什么？57PatientWhatisbestgiftadocPhrases:patientof能忍受patientwith對……有耐心patientcare病患照顧patientsafety病人安全mentalpatient精神病人Asanurse,yououghttobeverypatientwithyourpatients.作為一名護士，你應該對病人十分耐心。58Phrases:Asanurse,yououghtaloneadj.1.孤零的，孤單的2.單獨的；孤獨的adv.1.孤零地，孤單地，孤獨地2.單獨地3.獨自地；孤立無援地4.只，只有；僅僅Phrases:letalone更不必說；聽任；不打擾standalone孤立；獨一無二alonewith與…一起59alonePhrases:9Exchangevt.1.換，更換，調換，掉換：Moststorewillallowthecustomerstoexchangetheirgoods.2.換回，換來，換取3.把…換成；用…交換；兌換(for)I'dliketoexchangethisdressforoneinasmallersize.4.交換，互換，輪換(with)：60Exchange10Exchangevi.1.交換，替換；交易；進行易貨貿易3.調換，調換職務(或位置）n.

1.交易，貿易；易貨貿易；交流2.交換，互換3.代替；替換，更換，調換，轉換adj.(被)交換的，互相交換的，互換的；交流的；兌換的61Exchange11Inquirevt.問，打聽，詢問vi.

1.問，打聽，詢問2.調查，查問(常與into連用)Phrases:inquireinto調查，探究inquireabout詢問，查問；打聽inquireof詢問；打聽inquirefor求見；要找inquireafter問候；詢問起62InquirePhrases:12I'dliketoinquireaboutthejobforsalesmanager.我想詢問一下銷售經理這個職位的情況。It'sthesecretary'sjobtoinquireabouttheflightsforthemanager.為經理查詢有關航班的情況是秘書的職責。63I'dliketoinquireaboutthecertainadj.1.確鑿的，毫無疑問的2.確定的；固定的3.必定的，必然的4.可靠的，可信賴的pron.某些；某幾個Phrases:acertainextent一定程度上acertaindegree到某種程度forcertain肯定地；確鑿地certainlevel某一水平64certainPhrases:14Relativeadj.1.相互有關的；休戚與共的2.與…有關的；相關的3.比較而言的4.相對的n.親戚Evenitssuccessesareonlyrelative.即使成功也只是相對的。Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.這是我送給家鄉一位親戚的禮物。65RelativeEvenitssuccessesar

Havemyoperationbeen

__________________?

successful

成功Heaskedthedoctortotellhimsuccesssuccessfully

succeed

whether

hisoperationhadbeen

successful

beinhospitaloperatepatientJohnGilbert66HavemyoperationbeenThedoctorrefusetodoso.

Iamsorry.Ican’ttellyouaboutthat.1.refusetodosth.2.refuse反義詞accept67Thedoctorrefusetodoso.IHeaskedforabedsidetelephone.abedsidetelephoneaskforThefollowingdaybealonelonely獨自的孤獨的；偏僻的alonelyislandHehasnofriends,sohefeellonely.68Heaskedforabedsidetelephotelephonecallsbcallsbupasksbtodosth.MayIspeaktodoctorMillington?askforThehospitalexchangeasksbtonotdosth.69telephonecallsbcallsbupaskI’minquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.John.inquire詢問；打聽Whatdidhesay?he

_______inquiringaboutacertainpatient.Hesaidwas‘HasMrGilbet’soperationbeensuccessful?’Whatdidheask?Heasked_________Mr.Gilbet’soperation______successful.if/whetherhadbeen70I’minquiringaboutacertainWhatdidthedoctortellhim？‘Yes,Ithasbeensucceessful’ithadbeensuccessful.Hetoldhim___________________Whenwillheallowedtogohome?Whatdidheask?Heasked_____whenhe_____beallowedtogohomewould71Whatdidthedoctortellhim？‘Hewillhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.Thedoctortoldhim______he_____________stayinhospitalforanothertwodays.Whatdidthedoctortellhim?Areyouarelativeofthepatient?WhatdidtheDr.Millingtonask?Heasked___he____arelativeofthepatient.thatwouldhavetowasifNo.IamMr.JohnGilbert.Whatdidthepatientsayatlast?72Hewillhavetostayinhospit直接引語變間接引語73直接引語變231、人稱的轉變

1）直接引語中的第一人稱一般轉換為第三人稱如：Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”——>Hesaidthathewasverysorry.2）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對轉述人說的，轉換為第一人稱如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——>MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.741、人稱的轉變243）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉換成第三人稱。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”——>Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.4）人稱的轉換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”753）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉換成——>HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.總之，人稱的轉換不是固定的，具體情況，具體對待，要符合邏輯。

2、時態的轉換直接引語改為間接引語時，主句中的謂語動詞如果是過去時，從句（即間接引語部分）的謂語動詞在時態方面要作相應的變化，變成過去時范疇的各種時態（實際也是賓語從句的時態要求），變化如下：

76——>HeaskedmewhetherIwoul

直接引語間接引語

一般現在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時現在進行時過去進行時現在完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時

77直接引語間接引語273、直接引語變成間接引語時，從句時態無須改變的情況1）當主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時的時候，如：

Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”——>Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.2）當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”——>Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.

3）當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀語時783、直接引語變成間接引語時，從句時態無須改變的情況28如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”

——>Hetoldusthathewenttocollegein1994.

4）當直接引語中有以when,while引導的從句，表示過去的時間時，如：Hesaid，“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”——>Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.5）當直接引語是客觀真理或自然現象時，79如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollege如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”——>Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

6）當引語是諺語、格言時，如：Hesaid，“Practicemakesperfect.”——>Hesaidthatpracticemakesperfect.7）當直接引語中有情態動詞should,would,could,hadbetter,wouldrather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need時

80如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Li如：Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”——>Sheaskedifshehadtotakethemedicine.

〔注〕：此處用hadto代替must更好8）此外轉述中的變化要因實際情況而定，不能機械照搬，如果當地轉述，here不必改為there,動詞come不必改為go，如果當天轉述yesterday,tomorrow,thisafternoon等均不必改變。4、時間狀語、地點狀語及某些對比性的指示代詞和動詞變化

81如：Sheasked,“MustItakethe1）時間狀語：直接引語（間接引語）

now（then）；

today(thatday）；

tomorrow（thenext/followingday）

nextweek（thenext/followingweek）

yesterday（thedaybefore）

twodaysago（twodaysbefore）

thisweek/month/year(thatweek/month/year)

2）指示代詞：these變成those

821）時間狀語：323）地點狀語：here變成there

Shesaid,“Iwon'tcomehereanymore.”——>Shesaidthatshewouldn’tgothereanymore.

4）動詞：come變成go，bring變成take833）地點狀語：here變成there335、直接引語變間接引語，句子結構的變化1）陳述句。用連詞that引導，that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直用接引語中的said,也可用told來代替，注意，可以說saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接說toldthat,

845、直接引語變間接引語，句子結構的變化34如：Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”——>HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”——>HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.（不可說toldthat）85如：Hesaid,“Ihavebeentoth2）直接引語為一般疑問句，（也稱是否疑問句，）間接引語用連詞whether或if引導，原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked（me/him/us等），語序是陳述句的語序，這一點非常重要。如：Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”——>Heasked（me）whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.862）直接引語為一般疑問句，（也稱是否疑問句，）間接引語用連詞

3）直接引語為選擇疑問句，間接引語用whether…or…表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….如：Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.87374）直接引語為特殊疑問句，改成間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask（sb.）來表達，語序改為陳述句語序。如：Heasked，“What'syourname?”——>Heasked（me）whatmynamewas.5）直接引語為祈使句時，改為間接引語，用帶to的不定式表達，謂語動詞常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如asksb.todo，（由肯定祈使句變成）asksb.nottodo（由否定祈使句轉變），并且在不定式短語中的時間狀語、地點884）直接引語為特殊疑問句，改成間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間狀語、人稱及時態都作相應的變化。如：Hesaid，“Beseate